@phdthesis{Tippelt2020,
  author    = {Lisa Tippelt},
  title     = {Distribution and ecology of selected mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Germany},
  journal    = {Verbreitung und {\"O}kologie ausgew{\"a}hlter Stechm{\"u}ckenarten (Diptera: Culicidae) in Deutschland},
  url       = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:9-opus-57870},
  pages     = {88},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Culicidae or mosquitoes are medically important dipterans which can mediate a variety of infectious diseases in animals and humans. This thesis deals with the distribution of two rare mosquito species caught in the framework of a monitoring project in northeastern Germany and the ecology of the Asian tiger mosquito. These species are examples for thermophilic mosquito species which are assumed to be favoured by climate change and thus are spreading northwards. This could especially be shown for Uranotaenia unguiculata, which was found at two locations far away from its only known detection site. Although only one adult was caught at each location, larval evidence in the subsequent year account for an established population rather than the introduction of single individuals. Another rare mosquito species found is Anopheles algeriensis. This species was detected at three different sampling sites, and reached at two of them a much higher abundance than Ur. unguiculata. The ecological part of this thesis includes field and laboratory experiments for studying the low temperature tolerance of eggs of the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, a competent vector of numerous viruses and other pathogens. Three different strains from a tropical, subtropical and temperate origin were exposed to low winter temperatures, both in the field and in a controlled laboratory environment. The field experiments demonstrate that all used strains were capable of withstanding wintry conditions with a minimum temperature of –8 °C. The laboratory experiments pointed out that all strains could endure temperatures of –10 °C for a certain maximum exposure time. This survival exposure time highly depended on the origin of the strain and varied between 2 and 20 days. The temperate strain had a slightly higher tolerance against low temperatures than the subtropical strain. The tropical strain exhibited the lowest performance both in the field and the laboratory experiments. Diapausing eggs had an advantage in regards of cold tolerance only at the physiological limits of the strains. Furthermore, eggs were able to endure minimum temperatures for a longer time under a fluctuating rather than under a constant temperature scenario. The results of both experiments show that there are strains of Ae. albopictus with a quite high ability to endure low temperatures. This makes it rather probable that these invasive species will have no or only minor problems coping with winters in Germany in the future and will continue to spread, which is connected with epidemiological implications for public and veterinary health.},
  language  = {de}
}