@article{BischofMeyerBischofetal.2013,
  author    = {Anja Bischof and Christian Meyer and Gallus Bischof and Diana Guertler and Nadin Kastirke and Ulrich John and Hans-Juergen Rumpf},
  title     = {Association of Sociodemographic, Psychopathological and Gambling-Related Factors with Treatment Utilization for Pathological Gambling},
  series   = {European Addiction Research},
  volume    = {20},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {S. Karger AG},
  address   = {Basel, Switzerland},
  issn      = {1022-6877},
  doi       = {10.1159/000356904},
  url       = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:9-opus-31340},
  pages     = {167 -- 173},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background/Aims: Only a small percentage of pathological gamblers utilizes professional treatment for gambling problems. Little is known about which social and gambling-related factors are associated with treatment utilization. The aim of this study was to look for factors associated with treatment utilization for pathological gambling. Methods: The study followed a sampling design with 3 different recruitment channels, namely (1) a general population-based telephone sample, (2) a gambling location sample and (3) a project telephone hotline. Pathological gambling was diagnosed in a telephone interview. Participants with pathological gambling (n = 395) received an in-depth clinical interview concerning treatment utilization, comorbid psychiatric disorders and social characteristics. Results: Variables associated with treatment were higher age [odds ratio (OR) 1.05, 95\% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.08], an increased number of DSM-IV criteria for pathological gambling (OR 1.34, 95\% CI 1.06-1.70), more adverse consequences from gambling (OR 1.10, 95\% CI 1.03-1.16) and more social pressure from significant others (OR 1.17, 95\% CI 1.07-1.27). Affective disorders were associated with treatment utilization in the univariate analysis (OR 1.81, 95\% CI 1.19-2.73), but multivariate analysis showed that comorbid psychiatric disorders were not independently associated. Conclusion: These results indicate that individuals with more severe gambling problems utilize treatment at an older age when more adverse consequences have occurred. Further research should focus on proactive early interventions.},
  language  = {en}
}