TY  - JOUR
U1  - Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
A1  - Abdurrahman, Goran
A1  - Schmiedeke, Frieder
A1  - Bachert, Claus
A1  - Bröker, Barbara M.
A1  - Holtfreter, Silva
T1  - Allergy—A New Role for T Cell Superantigens of Staphylococcus aureus?
JF  - Toxins
N2  - Staphylococcus aureussuperantigens (SAgs) are among the most potent T cell mitogensknown.They  stimulate  large  fractions  of  T  cells  by  cross-linking  their  T  cell  receptor  withmajor  histocompatibility  complex  class-II  molecules  on  antigen  presenting  cells,  resulting  in  Tcell proliferation and massive cytokine release. To date, 26 different SAgs have been described in thespeciesS. aureus; they comprise the toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1), as well as 25 staphylococcalenterotoxins (SEs) or enterotoxin-like proteins (SEls). SAgs can cause staphylococcal food poisoningand toxic shock syndrome and contribute to the clinical symptoms of staphylococcal infection. Inaddition, there is growing evidence that SAgs are involved in allergic diseases. This review providesan overview on recent epidemiological data on the involvement ofS. aureusSAgs and anti-SAg-IgEin allergy, demonstrating that being sensitized to SEs—in contrast to inhalant allergens—is associatedwith a severe disease course in patients with chronic airway inflammation. The mechanisms by whichSAgs trigger or amplify allergic immune responses, however, are not yet fully understood. Here, wediscuss known and hypothetical pathways by which SAgs can drive an atopic disease
KW  - -
KW  - Staphylococcus aureus
KW  - superantigens
KW  - T cells
KW  - allergy
KW  - sensitization
KW  - IgE
KW  - T cell superallergen
Y1  - 2020
UN  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:9-opus-36601
SN  - 2072-6651
SS  - 2072-6651
U6  - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12030176
DO  - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12030176
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
SP  - 176
S1  - 21
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -