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Allergy—A New Role for T Cell Superantigens of Staphylococcus aureus?

  • Staphylococcus aureussuperantigens (SAgs) are among the most potent T cell mitogensknown.They stimulate large fractions of T cells by cross-linking their T cell receptor withmajor histocompatibility complex class-II molecules on antigen presenting cells, resulting in Tcell proliferation and massive cytokine release. To date, 26 different SAgs have been described in thespeciesS. aureus; they comprise the toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1), as well as 25 staphylococcalenterotoxins (SEs) or enterotoxin-like proteins (SEls). SAgs can cause staphylococcal food poisoningand toxic shock syndrome and contribute to the clinical symptoms of staphylococcal infection. Inaddition, there is growing evidence that SAgs are involved in allergic diseases. This review providesan overview on recent epidemiological data on the involvement ofS. aureusSAgs and anti-SAg-IgEin allergy, demonstrating that being sensitized to SEs—in contrast to inhalant allergens—is associatedwith a severe disease course in patients with chronic airway inflammation. The mechanisms by whichSAgs trigger or amplify allergic immune responses, however, are not yet fully understood. Here, wediscuss known and hypothetical pathways by which SAgs can drive an atopic disease

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Metadaten
Author: Goran AbdurrahmanORCiD, Frieder Schmiedeke, Claus Bachert, Barbara M. BrökerORCiD, Silva HoltfreterORCiD
URN:urn:nbn:de:gbv:9-opus-36601
DOI:https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12030176
ISSN:2072-6651
Parent Title (English):Toxins
Publisher:MDPI
Place of publication:Basel
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of first Publication:2020/03/12
Release Date:2020/10/15
Tag:IgE; Staphylococcus aureus; T cell superallergen; T cells; allergy; sensitization; superantigens
GND Keyword:-
Volume:12
Issue:3
Page Number:21
First Page:176
Faculties:Universitätsmedizin / Institut für Immunologie
Collections:Artikel aus DFG-gefördertem Publikationsfonds
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - Namensnennung