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This work study a monolayer of branched poly(ethyleneimine (PEI) adsorbed onto oppositely charged surfaces with iron chelates or iron ions in the absorption solution. The conformation of adsorbed PEI is explored in the dependence of the composition of the adsorption solution by measuring the surface forces using atomic force microscopy (AFM) with the colloidal probe (CP) at different ionic strengths (INaCl) in surrounding aqueous solution. The surface coverage of these layers is investigated using X-ray reflectivity.
PEI solutions show different pH values with iron chelates (pH = 3), iron ions (pH = 4.67) or pure water (pH = 9.3) at room temperature. Low surface coverage of PEI at pH = 3 adjusted by monovalent ions was also observed. However, adsorbing PEI with iron ions or iron chelates and washing with pure water shifts the pH, leading to an adsorbed PEI layer with high coverage. In our observation, the influence of iron ions and iron chelates on the surface coverage of PEI film is stronger than the pH effect. PEI adsorbed from a pure water solution shows flat conformation. Surface force measurements with CP show that PEI adsorbed from solutions containing iron chelates or iron ions cause almost identical steric forces. The thickness of the brush L is determined as a function of the ionic INaCl in the measuring solution. It scales as a polyelectrolyte brush.
The maximum number density of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) adsorbed onto the PEI brushes was identical and larger than on flatly adsorbed PEI. On the PEI layer with the larger surface coverage, the AuNPs aggregate; on the PEI layer with the lower surface coverage they do not aggregate. Taken together, these results contribute to understanding the mechanisms determining surface coverage and conformation of PEI and demonstrate the possibility of controlling surface properties, which is highly desirable for potential future applications.
In this thesis, we also investigate the top layer (PSS and PDADMA) of polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films. PEM films were prepared by sequential adsorption of oppositely charged PEs on solid substrates. PEM films consist of polydiallyldimethylammonium (PDADMA) as polycation and the polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) as polyanion. PDADMA has a smaller linear charge density than PSS. For this system, two different growth regimes are known: parabolic and linear. I studied the top layer (PSS and PDADMA) conformation of PEM films and how the structure of this top layer is affected by increasing the number of PDADMA/PSS layer pairs N and the addition of salt to the surrounding solution.
The INaCl was changed during the force-distance measurements. PSS terminated films always show electrostatic forces at INaCl < 0.1 M and flat conformation. The surface charge density is always negative at INaCl < 0.1 M. The surface charge of the PSS top layer starts to turn from negative to positive at N ≥ 14. At N between 13 and 15, adsorbed PSS cannot compensate all the excess PDADMA charge. This leads to an accumulation of the positive extrinsic sites within the PSS terminated film beyond a specific N. At INaCl ≈ 0.1 M, an exponential decaying force was measured. This is an indication of unusual long-ranged hydration force (decay length λ-1 ≈ 0.2-0.5 nm), and PSS terminated film shows zwitterionic or neutral surface. At INaCl > 0.1 M, a non-electrostatic action occurs and the PSS terminated film reswells in solution.
PDADMA terminated surface consisting of few layers show a flat conformation and the electrostatic forces were measured. For N ≥ 9 and INaCl ≤ 0.1 M, steric forces were measured. The force-distance profiles are well-explained by Alexander and de Gennes theory. PDADMA chains show a maximum L that is around 40-45 % of the contour length. For INaCl ≈ 0.1 M, and N > 9, a flat, neutral or zwitterionic surface is found (λ-1 ≈ 0.3-0.9 nm). For N = 9 and INaCl > 0.1 M, a strong screening of electrostatic interaction and attractive forces are observed. For N > 9 and INaCl > 0.1 M, the ion adsorption into the PE chains leads to an increase in the monomer size and as a result, the L increases and PDADMA brushes reswell again into the solution.
These data show that by varying N and INaCl, different surface forces can be obtained: Electrostatic forces (flat chains) both positive and negative, steric forces (brush), hydration force (flat, neutral or zwitterionic surface), and effects not yet explained (reswelling brush).
Hintergrund: Die degenerative lumbale Spinalkanalstenose (LSS) wird im Rahmen der steigenden Lebenserwartung häufiger. Die individuelle Diagnosestellung fällt jedoch immer noch schwer, da keine genauen Diagnosekriterien existieren. Mit dieser Studie soll erstmals in einer großen und heterogenen Stichprobe das Auftreten des 2010 von Barz et al. beschriebenen „nerve root sedimentation signs“ (SedSign) überprüft werden. Dieses Zeichen stellt ein neues potenzielles Hilfsmittel bei der Diagnostizierung einer LSS dar.
Methodik: Im Rahmen der Study of Health in Pomerania wurden mehrere Tausend Freiwillige aus der Region Vorpommern medizinisch untersucht, bezüglich körperlicher Beschwerden befragt und es erfolgte eine Ganzkörper-MRT-Untersuchung. Dadurch standen für diese Studie die MRT-Bilder und klinischen Daten von 3046 Probanden zur Verfügung. Nach der Evaluierung der MRT-Bilder hinsichtlich des Vorliegens einer LSS und des SedSigns, erfolgte die statistische Analyse unter Einbeziehung der klinischen Daten.
Ergebnisse: Nach Ausschluss von 286 Probanden auf Grund fehlender MRT-Sequenzen bzw. unzureichender Qualität der MRT-Bilder, verblieben 2760 Probanden für diese Untersuchung (mittleres Alter 52,55 Jahre; 48,50 % männlich). Von diesen Probanden wiesen 320 eine LSS in den MRT-Bildern auf (mittleres Alter 64,42 Jahre; 50,94 % männlich). Die stärkste Einengung lag meistens im Segment LWK 4 / 5 (66,25 %). Das SedSign war bei Probanden mit einer LSS zu 81,09 % positiv (mittleres Alter 66,47 Jahre; 52,57 % männlich). Rückenschmerzen mit einer Ausstrahlung in den Unterschenkel als Hinweis auf eine klinisch relevante LSS wurde von 5,93 % aller Probanden angegeben (mittleres Alter 56,73 Jahre; 43,39 % männlich). Unter zusätzlichen Beschwerden beim Gehen litten 1,73 % aller Probanden (mittleres Alter 59,76 Jahre; 42,48 % männlich). Es ließ sich ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen den Beschwerden und einem positiven SedSign nachweisen (p < 0,01). Die Sensitivität betrug 18,37 % bzw. 24,39 % und die Spezifität ca. 91 %.
Schlussfolgerung: Trotz des signifikanten Zusammenhangs zwischen einem positiven SedSign und den typischen Symptomen einer LSS kann das SedSign, aufgrund der geringen Sensitivität, nicht als alleiniger Marker zur Diagnostik einer LSS genutzt werden. Da allerdings bei Verdacht auf eine LSS in der Regel eine MRT-Untersuchung erfolgt und die Evaluierung des SedSign damit kaum zusätzlichen Aufwand erfordert, ist es als ein weiteres Hilfsmittel im Rahmen des herkömmlichen Diagnoseverfahrens geeignet.
Unstable environments and habitats changing due to climate change force individuals to either respond by genetic adaptation, phenotypic plasticity or by dispersal to suitable environments. Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linneaus, 1758) is a good study organisms when researching phenotypic plasticity and genetic adaptation as it naturally appears in freshwater (FW) as well as brackish water (BW) and thus inhabits a wide range of environmental salinities (0-18‰). It is a euryhaline snail that can be found in shallow waters with stony ground or on Fucus spp. and has formed regional subgroups. The brackish water and the freshwater subgroups are spatially separated and the species cannot be found in areas inbetween, e.g. estuaries.
The species shows great variability in shell patterning and shell size and there is still debate whether the subgroups are distinguishable by these traits or not. The mitochdrial RNA marker cytochrome c subunit I did not show differences between the subgroups indicating that they must be closely related, but salinity tolerance has been observed to be higher in BW snails. This might be caused by the different protein expression patterns and osmolyte accumulation (measured as ninhydrin-positive substances) observed in this species in previous studies. The exact mechanisms regulating protein expression and osmolyte accumulation, however, are not fully understood yet.
Data collected for this thesis shows differences in shell size and suggests a less strict grouping of FW and BW individuals as shell sizes of one FW site are more similar to BW individuals than the other FW ones. A better salinity tolerance towards high salinities and a higher physiological salinity limit of BW snails was confirmed and extended by demonstrating an expanded tolerance range through slow acclimation to challenging salinities in snails from both subgroups. This was achieved by a shift in the slope of their reaction norms that was much more pronounced in BW snails than FW ones. S3 individuals showed a shift similar to that of BW individuals. The data for the salinity tolerance indicates that the underlying mechanism for these tolerances are a combination of phenotypic plasticity and genetic adaptation. Despite an acclimation and shift in the slope of the reaction norms and therefore an increased tolerance towards high salinities (plasticity) FW individuals from two collection sites were not able to cope with salinities as high as BW individuals (local adaptation). The general ability to mobilise free amino acids (FAA) as organic osmolytes was not the reason for this tolerance difference. Individuals from BW and FW sites were capable of accumulating quantities of FAAs equally well. Proline, alanine and urea were the most important components of the accumulated cocktail of organic osmolytes. Even though the total amount of FAAs accumulated under hyperosmotic conditions was the same in both subgroups, there were differences in the metabolic pathways involved in osmolyte accumulation in the foot muscle. The data indicates that the hydrolysis of storage proteins and the synthesis of proline and alanine are the main processes to avoid detrimental body volume shrinkage in T. fluviatilis. While FW individuals seemed to rely on the degradation of proteins and synthesis of alanine, BW individuals depended on newly synthesising proline and alanine and accumulating urea as a side product of transamination. The accumulation of urea is a new finding in aquatic living snails and has not been reported as a mechanism to avoid cell volume shrinkage in these animals.
Differing protein expression patterns were observed under control conditions across all collection sites. 9 spots showed volume changes in BW snails opposite to those of FW snails from collection sites S1 and S2. For 6 of those spots, S3 individuals showed patterns similar to those of BW individuals and for the remaining 3 they showed patterns similar to those of FW animals. The patterns observed when exposing snails to hypo- or hyperosmotic stress were not conclusive in relation to pinpointing individual spots that show the same pattern in all collection sites, but revealed the heterogeneity of protein expression in snails from the different collection sites and in the process of osmoregulation. It also showed the general tendency of protein reduction when snails where under osmotic stress of either kind (hypo- or hyperosmotic), which supports the hypothesis of storage protein degradation.
The investigation of an ANP-receptor showed two variations of the encoding sequence expressed in T. fluviatilis. S3 individuals as well as BW individuals were found to express one type, while FW individuals, with the exception of one sample expressed the other type. This showed that the FW subgroup of T. fluviatilis seems to be more heterogeneous than the BW subgroup, but also raises the question of the dispersal history of this species. The collected data indicates that T. fluviatilis individuals are firstly capable of surviving the acidity of a duck's gizzard and secondly can tolerate acute salinity changes to 16‰ when introduced into a new environment. Hence, if snails from the FW were to be transported to waters with a salinity of up to 16‰ by man, bird, drifting plants or some other means of transport, they would most likely survive and possibly be able to thrive and spread.
Im Rahmen der Herzinfarktdiagnostik spielt die schnelle Verfügbarkeit von kardialem Troponin (cTn) als Biomarker für eine ischämiebedingte Nekrose des Herzmuskelgewebes eine wichtige Rolle. Bei einer TAT von mehr als 60 Minuten wird der Einsatz von Geräten der Patientennahen Sofortdiagnostik (POCT) empfohlen. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden die 99ten Perzentilen sowie die Impräzision von zwei Assays der Patientennahen Sofortdiagnostik (cTnI, cTnT) in einer großen, gesunden Referenzgruppe ermittelt und mit denen dreier Zentrallabor-Assays, erhoben in derselben Referenzpopulation, verglichen.
Die 99te Perzentile für cTnI am AQT90 lag bei 19 ng/L, die niedrigste Konzentration, die mit einem %VK von 10% gemessen werden konnte, wurde mit 22ng/L ermittelt; die niedrigste Konzentration mit einem %VK von 20% mit 13 ng/L. Damit ist die analytische Leistungsfähigkeit des cTnI AQT90 FLEX mit der der cTnI Assays des Zentrallabors vergleichbar, wenn auch die Impräzision an der 99ten Perzentile mit 12% etwas höher liegt als die empfohlenen 10%.
Für den cTnT Assay konnte aufgrund unplausibler Messergebnisse die 99te Perzentile nicht ermittelt werden. Die dahinter liegenden Ursachen bedürfen weiterer Untersuchungen. Die Troponinmessungen beider Assays wurden im selben Messvorgang am AQT90 FLEX POCT Gerät in Plasmaproben der DONOR SHIP-Population durchgeführt.
Der AQT90 ermöglicht eine kurze TAT von unter 30 Minuten. Durch die schnelle Verfügbarkeit der Ergebnisse kann der cTnI Assay in der Patientennahen Sofortdiagnostik zu einer beschleunigten ärztlichen Entscheidungsfindung und somit potentiell zur Verbesserung der Patientenbehandlung beitragen.
Das cTnT Assay am AQT90 konnte aufgrund einer außergewöhnlichen Anzahl von hohen Messwerten sowie einem unplausiblen Impräzisionsprofil nicht evaluiert werden. Daher sollten für die Beurteilung des cTnT Assays weitere Studien, z.B. mit frischem Vollblut, durchgeführt werden.
Mit der Zielstellung einem Ärztemangel im nervenheilkundlichen Fachbereich entgegenzutreten ist die Ermittlung von Prädiktoren zur Vorhersage eines spezifischen Berufswunsches (einer Spezialisierungspräferenz) eines Medizinstudierenden von Interesse. Weiterhin erscheint es sinnvoll auch gerade die frühen praktischen Kontaktflächen zwischen Fachbereich und Medizinstudierendem
auf ihre Wahrnehmung zu betrachten. Gemeinsames Ziel der kumulativen Arbeiten war die Analyse von Angaben aus
studentischer Sicht zur späteren Fachbereichswahl in Neurologie und / oder Psychiatrie / Psychosomatik und im Bereich der Psychiatrie zu ersten Erfahrungen im
Pflegepraktikum. Es galt Aussagen zu Prädiktoren und Wahrnehmung zu treffen.
Die hier vorliegende Studie befasst sich mit der Topografie der Fossa pterygopalatina des Menschen unter Berücksichtigung alters- und geschlechtsspezifischer Unterschiede. Die Studie basiert auf der Untersuchung von insgesamt 114 DVT-Datensätzen erwachsener Probanden beiderlei Geschlechts. Basierend auf den Rohdatensätzen wurden mit Hilfe der NewTom 3G Software (QR NNT Version 2.11 Professional ©) axiale und sagittale Schnitte der DVT-Aufnahmen mit einer Schichtdicke von 0,5 mm erstellt. Nach Festlegung geeigneter Messebenen und Tangenten wurden verschiedene Strecken- und Winkelmessungen vorgenommen, um die Lage der Fossa pterygopalatina im Raum besser beschreiben zu können. Im Mittelpunkt dieser Studie standen die Abstände verschiedener Strukturen der Fossa pterygopalatina zur Median-Sagittal-Ebene und zum anteriorsten Knochenpunkt. Zur Beurteilung des Geschlechtsdimorphismus wurden die Messdaten einem t-Test unterzogen. Um eventuelle Unterschiede zwischen den Altersgruppen aufzeigen zu können, wurde eine einfaktorielle Varianzanalyse (ANOVA) durchgeführt. Zusätzlich wurde eine Korrelations- und Regressionsanalyse auch unter Berücksichtigung verschiedener Gesichtsschädelmaße durchgeführt und zur Beurteilung von Seitenunterschieden ein Symmetriequotient bestimmt. Mit Hilfe der vorgenommenen Abstandsmessungen der Fossa pterygopalatina zu definierten Knochenpunkten lässt sich die Topografie der Fossa näher beschreiben. In Bezug auf die Medianebene des Kopfes liegt das Foramen rotundum am weitesten lateral. Etwas weiter medial vom Foramen rotundum projiziert sich der Canalis palatinus major, gefolgt vom Foramen sphenopalatinum. Am weitesten medial liegt der Canalis pterygoideus. Die Abstände der Strukturen der Fossa pterygopalatina zu anterioren Knochenpunkten zeigen, dass sich der Eingang der Fossa in den Canalis palatinus major auf den Bereich der fazialen Kieferhöhlenwand projiziert. Das Foramen sphenopalatinum und der Canalis pterygoideus hingegen projizieren sich auf den Processus frontalis der Maxilla. Das Foramen rotundum projiziert sich auf den Übergang zwischen dem medialen und inferioren Margo orbitalis. Für einen Großteil der in dieser Studie erhobenen Parameter konnten wir einen signifikanten Geschlechtsdimorphismus zugunsten der männlichen Probanden nachweisen. Für die erhobenen Höhenparameter ist der Geschlechtsdimorphismus stets stärker ausgeprägt als für die Abstandsmessungen der Fossa pterygopalatina zur Median-Sagittal-Ebene und zum anteriorsten Knochenpunkt. Zwischen den verschiedenen Altersgruppen konnten für keine Parameter signifikante Unterschiede festgestellt werden. Die durchgeführte Korrelationsanalyse weist auf zahlreiche Zusammenhänge zwischen den in dieser Studie ermittelten Abstandsmessungen der Fossa pterygopalatina und verschiedenen Schädelmaßen hin. Die Regressionsanalyse deutet auf einen signifikanten Zusammenhang zwischen der Distanz des Foramen rotundum zum anteriorsten Knochenpunkt und der Schädelbasislänge hin. Inwieweit dieser Zusammenhang auch für andere Populationen gilt, sollte in weiterführenden Studien untersucht werden. Mit Hilfe der hier vorliegenden Daten ist es möglich, ausgehend von definierten und tastbaren Knochenpunkten am Gesichtsschädel, die Position der einzelnen Foramina und Kanäle der Fossa pterygopalatina von diesen Knochenpunkten direkt abzuschätzen. Damit können diese Untersuchungsergebnisse ein Hilfsmittel für die intraoperative Orientierung darstellen. Da für die in dieser Studie erhobenen Parameter eine annähernde Symmetriegleichheit nachgewiesen werden konnte, können zukünftig die Ergebnisse der rechten und linken Fossa pterygopalatina gleichrangig betrachtet werden. Die hier vorliegende Studie erlaubt eine Aussage über die Topografie der Fossa pterygopalatina des Menschen in Bezug auf die Raumebenen. Zudem liefert sie Grundlagen für weitere vergleichende Studien an anderen menschlichen Populationen und nicht-menschlichen Primaten.
The highly oncogenic alphaherpesvirus Marek’s disease virus (MDV) causes immense economic losses in the poultry industry. The main targets of in vivo MDV infection are primary B and T lymphocytes. The cytolytic infection of B cells leads to depletion of lymphoid cells results in severe immunosuppression. Infected B cells recruit and activate T cells. The close interaction between B cells and T cells enables efficient intercellular transfer of MDV. During infection of T cells, the virus enters a latent state. Infection of T cells can lead to transformation of these cells and formation of lymphoma, which manifest in various visceral organs. This study aimed at the characterization of the proteomes of MDV-infected lymphocytes during the lytic and latent phases of infection.
Previous in vitro studies concerning the MDV pathogenesis and host-virus interactions have been mainly conducted with primary fibroblasts or kidney cells, due to the short lifespan of primary lymphocytes in cell culture. Recently, a cultivation system has been established that extents the lifespan of primary lymphocytes through the addition of cytokines to the growth medium. This allowed the infection of B cells in vitro and to conduct quantitative proteomic analysis of primary lymphocytes. Infection with GFP labelled virus recombinants allowed the isolation of infected cells by FACS for the proteome analysis of MDV infected B lymphocytes. An efficient quantitative proteomic workflow was developed, which consisted of a filter-aided (FASP) digest of the extracted proteins, followed by differential dimethyl chemical labeling of the peptides for quantitative evaluation prior to LC-MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. Only few alterations of the protein and transcript expression profiles were observed after infection of primary B cells with the very virulent RB-1B and the live-attenuated vaccine strain CVI988/Rispens. Relevant changes in relative protein levels were found for only twelve and six interesting host proteins after RB1B and CVI988 infection, respectively. However, the regulations were confirmed by inspection of the spectra from all experiments. The identified candidates play a role in immune response, translation and inflammatory response.
To confirm the potential infection markers, RNA-seq analysis of three biological replicates of each RB-1B -, CVI988- and mock-infected B cells was performed. Eighty expressed MDV transcripts could be identified, which were associated with lytic infection. The same MDV proteins were identified after infection with RB-1B or CVI988. However, transcriptome and proteome analysis of MDV-infected primary B cells showed only poor correlation. This indicates that the changes in protein expression profiles are mostly due to posttranscriptional events. Infection marker candidates were identified by the RNA-seq analysis, for which the gene expression was altered by MDV infection. Although almost 12,000 transcripts were identified, only few transcript levels changed markedly after MDV infection. The biological processes immune response, apoptotic process, signal transduction, cell migration and response to virus were enriched after MDV infection. The RNA-seq results confirm the observation that alterations of protein levels early after MDV infection are rare.
Most notably, MDV induces transformation of lymphocytes leading to malignant T-cell lymphomas in visceral organs with mortalities of up to 100 %. While several factors involved in MDV tumorigenesis have been identified, the transformation process is not fully understood. Therefore, we set out to fill this knowledge gap using proteome analysis of transformed T-cells ex vivo. In addition, the role of the viral telomerase RNA during transformation was assessed by comparison of tumors that had formed after infection with WT-virus or a telomerase RNA negative mutant. A major obstacle for tumor proteome analyses is the preparation of sufficient amounts of homogenous tumor tissue, as tumors appear with a dispersed morphology in the affected organs. The quantitation of cell types within the tumors indicated varying portions of hepatocytes, connective tissue, and CD3+ lymphocytes even with the same virus strain in different animals. However, the ∆vTR-induced tumors contained lower levels of hepatocytes and higher levels of CD3+ lymphocytes compared to WT tumors in all tested tumor samples. Thus, ∆vTR tumors were chosen for determination of differences in protein expression profiles of tumors and naïve T cells for their lower content of liver cells. We developed a workflow for the proteome analysis of T cell tumors from livers of MDV-infected chickens. Samples included laser capture micro-dissected tissue cuts from tumors and surrounding healthy liver tissue as well as naïve T-cells prepared from thymus. To enable quantitative proteome analysis, samples were digested using the FASP protocol and peptides were isotope-coded by differential dimethyl labeling. To improve proteome analysis peptides were fractionated by preparative isoelectric focusing prior to nano-HPLC MALDI/TOF-TOF mass- spectrometric analysis.
Proteomic analyses of LCM dissected ΔvTR tumor compared to naïve T cells, the main targets of transformation, identified nineteen potential transformation markers but again only minor changes in relative levels were observed. Several of the identified markers could also be verified by RT-qPCR on transcript level. The identified transformation candidates were associated with nucleosome assembly, regulation of transcription, inflammatory response, immune response and oxidation-reduction process.
However, further functional analyses are necessary to fully elucidate the role of the identified markers during MDV infection and transformation.
Background: Depression and obesity are widespread and closely linked. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vitamin D are both assumed to be associated with depression and obesity. Little is known about the interplay between vitamin D and BDNF. We explored the putative associations and interactions between serum BDNF and vitamin D levels with depressive symptoms and abdominal obesity in a large population-based cohort. Methods: Data were obtained from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP)-Trend (n = 3,926). The associations of serum BDNF and vitamin D levels with depressive symptoms (measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire) were assessed with binary and multinomial logistic regression models. The associations of serum BDNF and vitamin D levels with obesity (measured by the waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]) were assessed with binary logistic and linear regression models with restricted cubic splines. Results: Logistic regression models revealed inverse associations of vitamin D with depression (OR = 0.966; 95% CI 0.951–0.981) and obesity (OR = 0.976; 95% CI 0.967–0.985). No linear association of serum BDNF with depression or obesity was found. However, linear regression models revealed a U-shaped association of BDNF with WHR (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Vitamin D was inversely associated with depression and obesity. BDNF was associated with abdominal obesity, but not with depression. At the population level, our results support the relevant roles of vitamin D and BDNF in mental and physical health-related outcomes.
Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques are rarely used in the context of abdominal sepsis and in sepsis research. This study investigates the impact of MRI for monitoring septic peritonitis in an animal model (colon ascendens stent-induced peritonitis, CASP). The CASP model closely mimics that of human disease and is highly standardized. The most frequently employed readout parameter in mouse CASP studies is prolonged or decreased rate of survival. Monitoring the progression of peritonitis via MRI could provide a helpful tool in the evaluation of severity. The use of alternative readout systems could very well reduce the number of research animals. Perspectively, clinical improvement after certain treatment could be classified. Methods: This study describes for the first time MRI findings following the induction of septic peritonitis in mice using the CASP model. Two sublethal groups of mice with septic peritonitis were investigated. Each had received one of two differing stent diameters in order to control the leakage of feces into the abdominal cavity. Each mouse served as its own control. Imaging and analyses were performed blinded. Gut diameters, stomach volume, abdominal organ wall diameters, and volume of the adrenal glands were measured. Serum corticosterone levels were detected using ELISA. Serum IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10 levels were screened by cytometric bead array. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test for nonparametric probes and the Kruskal-Wallis and t tests. Results: Using a 7-tesla MRI scanner 24 and 48 h after induction of septic peritonitis, interenteric fluid, organ swelling of spleen and adrenal glands, as well as dilatation of the stomach were compared to nonseptic conditions. Swelling of adrenal glands resulted in an increased serum corticosterone level. In addition, the wall of the intestine bowel was thickened. Based upon these findings, an MRI score (MRI sepsis score, MSS) for abdominal sepsis in mice was established. Reduced stent sizes led to reduced severity of the abdominal sepsis, which could be reproduced in the MSS, which is described here for the first time. Conclusions: Intraabdominal variations during septic peritonitis are detectable by MRI techniques. MRI methods should become a more important tool for the evaluation of abdominal peritonitis. MSS could provide an interesting tool for the evaluation of therapeutic strategies.