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Die Diagnose Krebs konfrontiert den Patienten mit einer Vielzahl von Fragen und Veränderungen. Zusätzlich muss er sich im Zuge seines Krankenhausaufenthaltes in einer ungewohnten Umgebung und Rolle zurechtfinden. In diesem Kontext kommt dem ärztlichen Gespräch eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Das Visitengespräch bedeutet für den Erkrankten eine Möglichkeit, Fragen zu seiner Erkrankung und deren Auswirkung zu stellen. Auch vermittelt eine patientenzentrierte Haltung des Arztes während des Visitengesprächs dem Patienten Sicherheit und trägt damit zu einer konstruktiven Krankheitsbewältigung bei. Für den Arzt wiederum ist die Visite ein Ort der Diagnosefindung und Überprüfung der Therapiewirkung. Diese unterschiedlichen Sichtweisen bedingen einen latenten Konflikt. Visitenanalysen aus der Literatur zeigen, dass dieser Konflikt weitgehend zugunsten des Arztes gelöst wird. Liegt hingegen eine erhöhte Patientenbeteiligung vor, werden positive Auswirkungen auf den Patienten beschrieben. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird untersucht, in welchem Ausmaß es gelingt, auf einer hämatologisch-onkologischen Station sowohl die Arzt- als auch die Patientenperspektive in der Visitengestaltung zu berücksichtigen. Die Analyse der Gesprächsmerkmale zeigt Übereinstimmungen mit den in der Literatur beschriebenen Ergebnissen. Abweichend davon fällt jedoch ein vermehrter Patienteneinbezug auf. Dieser besteht meist in einer Edukation des Patienten und weniger in einem Eingehen auf dessen Gefühlswelt. Das ärztliche Verhalten ist bei einer somatischen Priorisierung klar handlungsorientiert. Insgesamt fluktuiert der Grad des Patienteneinbezugs über die verschiedenen Gesprächsphasen hinweg. Darüber hinaus zeigt sich eine Vielzahl von Einflussgrößen auf das Arztverhalten im Visitengespräch. Die Patienten sind mit den erlebten Visitengesprächen zufrieden. Diese unkritische Haltung könnte möglicherweise durch die soziodemographischen Eigenschaften der Patientengruppe wie hohes Alter und niedriger Bildungsgrad mitbestimmt werden. Gelänge es, die Patientenbeteiligung im Visitengespräch zu steigern, kämen neben der Krankheitsbekämpfung auch gesundheitsfördernde Aspekte der Patientenbetreuung zum Tragen. Gemäß der International Classifikation of Function, Disability and Health (ICF) zählen hierzu die Partizipation und Teilhabe als wesentlicher Bestandteil von Gesundheit. Zur Berücksichtigung dieser Aspekte wären ein sicherer Gesprächsrahmen, eine klare Visitenstruktur sowie der vermehrte Einsatz von Gesprächstechniken zur Förderung des Patienteneinbezugs nötig. Solche Gesprächsvariablen finden sich beispielsweise in der Methode der partizipativen Entscheidungsfindung wieder.
Introduction: Outcome measures are key to tailor rehabilitation goals to the stroke patient's individual needs and to monitor poststroke recovery. The large number of available outcome measures leads to high variability in clinical use. Currently, an internationally agreed core set of motor outcome measures for clinical application is lacking. Therefore, the goal was to develop such a set to serve as a quality standard in clinical motor rehabilitation poststroke.
Methods: Outcome measures for the upper and lower extremities, and activities of daily living (ADL)/stroke-specific outcomes were identified and presented to stroke rehabilitation experts in an electronic Delphi study. In round 1, clinical feasibility and relevance of the outcome measures were rated on a 7-point Likert scale. In round 2, those rated at least as “relevant” and “feasible” were ranked within the body functions, activities, and participation domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). Furthermore, measurement time points poststroke were indicated. In round 3, answers were reviewed in reference to overall results to reach final consensus.
Results: In total, 119 outcome measures were presented to 33 experts from 18 countries. The recommended core set includes the Fugl–Meyer Motor Assessment and Action Research Arm Test for the upper extremity section; the Fugl–Meyer Motor Assessment, 10-m Walk Test, Timed-Up-and-Go, and Berg Balance Scale for the lower extremity section; and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and Barthel Index or Functional Independence Measure for the ADL/stroke-specific section. The Stroke Impact Scale was recommended spanning all ICF domains. Recommended measurement time points are days 2 ± 1 and 7; weeks 2, 4, and 12; 6 months poststroke and every following 6th month.
Discussion and Conclusion: Agreement was found upon a set of nine outcome measures for application in clinical motor rehabilitation poststroke, with seven measurement time points following the stages of poststroke recovery. This core set was specifically developed for clinical practice and distinguishes itself from initiatives for stroke rehabilitation research. The next challenge is to implement this clinical core set across the full stroke care continuum with the aim to improve the transparency, comparability, and quality of stroke rehabilitation at a regional, national, and international level.
Introduction: Outcome measures are key to tailor rehabilitation goals to the stroke patient's individual needs and to monitor poststroke recovery. The large number of available outcome measures leads to high variability in clinical use. Currently, an internationally agreed core set of motor outcome measures for clinical application is lacking. Therefore, the goal was to develop such a set to serve as a quality standard in clinical motor rehabilitation poststroke.
Methods: Outcome measures for the upper and lower extremities, and activities of daily living (ADL)/stroke-specific outcomes were identified and presented to stroke rehabilitation experts in an electronic Delphi study. In round 1, clinical feasibility and relevance of the outcome measures were rated on a 7-point Likert scale. In round 2, those rated at least as “relevant” and “feasible” were ranked within the body functions, activities, and participation domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). Furthermore, measurement time points poststroke were indicated. In round 3, answers were reviewed in reference to overall results to reach final consensus.
Results: In total, 119 outcome measures were presented to 33 experts from 18 countries. The recommended core set includes the Fugl–Meyer Motor Assessment and Action Research Arm Test for the upper extremity section; the Fugl–Meyer Motor Assessment, 10-m Walk Test, Timed-Up-and-Go, and Berg Balance Scale for the lower extremity section; and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and Barthel Index or Functional Independence Measure for the ADL/stroke-specific section. The Stroke Impact Scale was recommended spanning all ICF domains. Recommended measurement time points are days 2 ± 1 and 7; weeks 2, 4, and 12; 6 months poststroke and every following 6th month.
Discussion and Conclusion: Agreement was found upon a set of nine outcome measures for application in clinical motor rehabilitation poststroke, with seven measurement time points following the stages of poststroke recovery. This core set was specifically developed for clinical practice and distinguishes itself from initiatives for stroke rehabilitation research. The next challenge is to implement this clinical core set across the full stroke care continuum with the aim to improve the transparency, comparability, and quality of stroke rehabilitation at a regional, national, and international level.
Introduction: Outcome measures are key to tailor rehabilitation goals to the stroke patient's individual needs and to monitor poststroke recovery. The large number of available outcome measures leads to high variability in clinical use. Currently, an internationally agreed core set of motor outcome measures for clinical application is lacking. Therefore, the goal was to develop such a set to serve as a quality standard in clinical motor rehabilitation poststroke.
Methods: Outcome measures for the upper and lower extremities, and activities of daily living (ADL)/stroke-specific outcomes were identified and presented to stroke rehabilitation experts in an electronic Delphi study. In round 1, clinical feasibility and relevance of the outcome measures were rated on a 7-point Likert scale. In round 2, those rated at least as “relevant” and “feasible” were ranked within the body functions, activities, and participation domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). Furthermore, measurement time points poststroke were indicated. In round 3, answers were reviewed in reference to overall results to reach final consensus.
Results: In total, 119 outcome measures were presented to 33 experts from 18 countries. The recommended core set includes the Fugl–Meyer Motor Assessment and Action Research Arm Test for the upper extremity section; the Fugl–Meyer Motor Assessment, 10-m Walk Test, Timed-Up-and-Go, and Berg Balance Scale for the lower extremity section; and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and Barthel Index or Functional Independence Measure for the ADL/stroke-specific section. The Stroke Impact Scale was recommended spanning all ICF domains. Recommended measurement time points are days 2 ± 1 and 7; weeks 2, 4, and 12; 6 months poststroke and every following 6th month.
Discussion and Conclusion: Agreement was found upon a set of nine outcome measures for application in clinical motor rehabilitation poststroke, with seven measurement time points following the stages of poststroke recovery. This core set was specifically developed for clinical practice and distinguishes itself from initiatives for stroke rehabilitation research. The next challenge is to implement this clinical core set across the full stroke care continuum with the aim to improve the transparency, comparability, and quality of stroke rehabilitation at a regional, national, and international level.