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Eine Fehltriage kann schwerwiegende Folgen für Patienten bei einem MANV auf See haben. Ziel dieser Studie war es, das Ergebnis, die Reliabilität und die Validität eines analogen und eines digitalen Aufzeichnungssystems für die Triage während und für das Triage-Training eines MANV auf See zu bewerten und zu vergleichen.
Die Studie basiert auf einer Sichtungsübung, die mit einem Cross-Over-Design durchgeführt wurde. Achtundvierzig freiwilligen Studienteilnehmern wurde ein fiktiver MANV mit 50 Patienten präsentiert. Die Triage wurde mit einem analogen und einem digitalen System durchgeführt. Die Studienteilnehmer wurden nach dem Zufallsprinzip ausgewählt, um mit dem analogen oder digitalen System zu beginnen. Die Reliabilität der Ergebnisse wurde mittels Cohens Kappa analysiert. Die Validität wurde durch Cronbachs´ Alpha, die Sensitivität, Spezifität sowie den positiven und negativen prädiktiven Wert gemessen. Zur Analyse von Behandlungs-, Perioden- und Carry-Over-Effekten wurde ein lineares Mischeffektmodell verwendet.
Die Anzahl der mit dem analogen System getesteten Patienten war statistisch signifikant höher als die des digitalen. Dagegen war die Anzahl an Untertriagen mit dem digitalen System signifikant geringer. Gruppe A führte eine höhere Anzahl von Triagen und korrekten Triagen durch als Gruppe B. Gruppe B zeigte eine geringere Rate an Untertriage als Gruppe A. Die mit dem Cohens Kappa gemessene Reliabilität war mit dem digitalen System höher. Die Validität gemessen anhand der Sensitivität und Spezifität erzielte mit dem digitalen System bessere Werte als mit dem analogen System. Beim Vergleich der positiven und negativen prädiktiven Werte zeigte das digitale System ebenfalls durchgängig über alle SK höhere Werte als das analoge System. Zwischen dem analogen und digitalen System gab es bei der Transport-Priorisierung keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Es trat kein signifikantes Muster des Carry-Over-Effekts bei der Triage auf. Das Triage-System sowie der Durchlauf der Sichtungsübung hatten keinen kombinierten Effekt auf die Übung.
Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit liefern valide Ergebnisse für den Vergleich eines digitalen und eines analogen Triage- und Transport-Priorisierungs-Systems für einen MANV auf See. Zusammenfassend konnten mit dem analogen System mehr Triagen und Transport-Priorisierungen durchgeführt werden, während mit dem digitalen System eine höhere Validität und Reliabilität erzielt wurde. Unter Einbezug der Befragung der Studienteilnehmer erscheint das analoge System für grundlegende Sichtungsübungen und das digitale System für fortgeschrittene Übungen und den Einsatz auf See geeignet zu sein.
Aims
To examine whether inactive nurses are willing to return to nursing during the COVID-19 pandemic, the reasons for or against their decision and further, possibly relevant factors.
Design
Cross-sectional online survey.
Methods
We developed a questionnaire, addressing registration, professional experiences, anticipations, and internal and external factors that might affect the decision of inactive nurses to return to nursing during the pandemic. Between 27 April and 15 June 2020, we recruited participants in Germany via social networks, organizations and institutions and asked them to forward the link to wherever other inactive nurses might be reached.
Results
Three hundred and thirty-two participants (73% female) could be included in the analysis. The majority of the participants (n = 262, 79%) were general nurses. The main reason for registering was ‘want to do my bit to manage the crisis’ (n = 73, 22.8%). More than two thirds of the participants (n = 230, 69%) were not or not yet registered. One hundred and twelve (49%) out of 220 participants, who gave reasons why they did not register, selected they ‘could not see a necessity at that time’. The few inactive nurses who were deployed reported a variety of experiences.
Conclusions
Different factors influence the nurses’ decision to register or not. A critical factor for their decision was previous experiences that had made them leave the job and prevented a return—even for a limited time in a special situation.
Impact
From the responses of the participants in this study, it can be deduced that: negative experiences made while working in nursing influence the willingness to volunteer for a deployment; only one-third of the inactive nurses would be willing to return to the nursing profession to help manage the Corona pandemic; policymakers and nursing leaders should not rely on the availability of inactive nurses in a crisis.
Aims
To investigate factors that influence the willingness of inactive nurses to return to nursing in a crisis situation and to identify aspects that need to be considered with regard to a possible deployment.
Design
A deductive and inductive qualitative content analysis of semi-structured focus group interviews.
Methods
Semi-structured focus group interviews with inactive or marginally employed nurses, nurses who have been inactive for some time and nursing home managers in October and November 2021. The participating inactive nurses had declared their willingness for a deployment during the COVID-19 pandemic or not. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.
Results
Communication was seen as essential by the participants for an informed decision for or against a temporary return to nursing and to potential or actual deployments. To make them feel safe, inactive nurses need to know what to expect and what is expected of them, for example, regarding required training and responsibilities. Considering their current employment status, some flexibility in terms of deployment conditions is needed.
A remaining attachment to care can trigger a sense of duty. Knowledge of (regular) working conditions in nursing can lead to both a desire to support former colleagues and a refusal to be exposed to these conditions again.
Conclusion
Past working experiences and the current employment situation play a major role in the willingness of inactive nurses to return to nursing in a crisis situation. Unbureaucratic arrangements must be provided for those who are willing to return.
Summary Statement
What already is known - In crisis situations, not every inactive nurse is willing or able to return to nursing and therefore, the ‘silent reserve’ may not be as large as suspected.
What this paper adds - Inactive nurses need to know what to expect and what is expected of them for their decision regarding a return to active patient care during a crisis situation.
Implications for practice/policy – Inactive nurses need to be informed and should be offered free training and refresher courses to ensure patient safety.
Impact
This research shows that the group of inactive nurses are not a silent workforce which can be activated anytime. Those who are able and willing to return to direct patient care in crisis situations need the best possible support – during and between crises.
Reporting Method
This study adhered to COREQ guidelines.
No Patient or Public Contribution
The involvement of patients or members of the public did not apply for the study, as the aim was to gain insight into the motivations and attitudes of the group of inactive nurses.
Abstract
Aims
To demonstrate the attitudes of general practitioners (GPs), nurses, persons with dementia, and caregiver towards suitable tasks and qualification needs for and the acceptance and impact of advanced nursing roles in German dementia primary care.
Design
Observational study using a questionnaire survey with 225 GPs, 232 nurses, 211 persons with dementia, and 197 caregivers, conducted between December 2017–August 2018.
Methods
A questionnaire was generated that includes specific assessment, prescription, and monitoring tasks of advanced nursing roles in dementia primary care as well as qualification requirements for and the acceptance and the impact of advanced nursing roles. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Group differences were assessed using the Fisher's exact test.
Results
Advanced nursing roles were highly appreciated across all groups. Assessment and monitoring tasks were rated as highly suitable, and prescription authorities as moderately suitable. Nurses felt less confident in assessment and monitoring, but more confident in prescribing as practitioners expected. Patients and caregivers would appreciate a takeover of tasks by nurses; nurses and practitioners preferred a delegation. A dementia‐specific qualification was rated as best suitable for advanced nursing roles, followed by ‘no specific qualification’ if medical tasks that only can be carried out by practitioners were delegated and an academic degree if tasks were substituted. Advanced nursing roles were rated as beneficial, strengthening the confidence in nursing care and improving the cooperation between professionals and the treatment. Practitioners assumed that advanced nursing roles would improve job satisfaction of nurses, which was not confirmed by nurses.
Conclusion
There is an extended consensus towards the enlargement of advanced nursing roles, represented by high endorsement, acceptance, and willingness to reorganize tasks.
Impact
Results debunk the common notion that German practitioners would be reluctant towards advanced nursing roles and a takeover of current practitioner tasks, supporting the implementation of advanced nursing roles in Germany.
Background
Even with high standards of acute care and neurological early rehabilitation (NER) a substantial number of patients with neurological conditions still need mechanical ventilation and/or airway protection by tracheal cannulas when discharged and hence home-based specialised intensive care nursing (HSICN). It may be possible to improve the home care situation with structured specialized long-term neurorehabilitation support and following up patients with neurorehabilitation teams. Consequently, more people might recover over an extended period to a degree that they were no longer dependent on HSICN.
Methods
This healthcare project and clinical trial implements a new specialised neurorehabilitation outreach service for people being discharged from NER with the need for HSICN. The multicentre, open, parallel-group RCT compares the effects of one year post-discharge specialized outpatient follow-up to usual care in people receiving HSICN. Participants will randomly be assigned to receive the new form of healthcare (intervention) or the standard healthcare (control) on a 2:1 basis. Primary outcome is the rate of weaning from mechanical ventilation and/or decannulation (primary outcome) after one year, secondary outcomes include both clinical and economic measures. 173 participants are required to corroborate a difference of 30 vs. 10% weaning success rate statistically with 80% power at a 5% significance level allowing for 15% attrition.
Discussion
The OptiNIV-Study will implement a new specialised neurorehabilitation outreach service and will determine its weaning success rates, other clinical outcomes, and cost-effectiveness compared to usual care for people in need for mechanical ventilation and/or tracheal cannula and hence HSICN after discharge from NER.
Trial registration
The trial OptiNIV has been registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) since 18.01.2022 with the ID DRKS00027326.