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Aim
To estimate association between the use of interdental cleaning aids (IDAs) and type on 7-year follow-up levels of interdental plaque, interdental gingival inflammation, interdental periodontitis severity, the number of interdental sound surfaces and the number of missing teeth in a population-based cohort study.
Materials and Methods
We used 7-year follow-up data of 2224 participants from the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-TREND). We applied generalized linear and ordinal logistic models, adjusting for confounding and selection bias using inverse probability treatment weighting and multiple imputation.
Results
Flossers were 32% less likely to have higher interdental plaque (iPlaque) levels than non-users of IDAs (odds ratio [OR] = 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50–0.94); flossing resulted in 5% lower means of iPlaque. Effects on interdental bleeding on probing (iBOP), mean interdental probing depths and mean interdental clinical attachment levels were direction-consistent but statistically non-significant. Interdental brushing was associated with lower follow-up levels for interdental plaque (OR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.57–0.93) and iBOP (OR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.53–0.89). IDAs were more effective in reducing iPlaque in participants with periodontitis, whereas iBOP reduction was more pronounced in participants with no or mild periodontitis. The analyses did not suggest that the use of IDAs affected caries. Finally, applying change score analyses, flossing reduced tooth loss incidence (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.71) compared with non-users of IDAs.
Conclusions
Recommending flossing and interdental brushing in dental practices represents an approach to the prevention of gingivitis and consequently periodontitis.
Ziel dieser Studie war es, das metabolische Speichelprofil in Zusammenhang mit Parodontitis zu untersuchen und potentielle Biomarker sowie Stoffwechselwege im Rahmen der Erkrankung zu erforschen. Speichelproben von 938 Proband*innen wurden in Abhängigkeit von dentalen Gesundheitsvariablen betrachtet und anschließend, auf Basis dieser Ergebnisse, mit dem Zahnverlust nach fünf Jahren assoziiert.
Die Querschnittsanalyse ergab mehrere signifikant assoziierte Speichelmetabolite, wovon Butyrylputrescin mit den meisten oralen Variablen verknüpft war. Außerdem konnten wir die Kernergebnisse einer unabhängigen Studie replizieren und das Potenzial von Phenylacetat, 3-Phenylpropionat und 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)Propionat
bekräftigen. In der Längsschnittanalyse war der Zahnverlust nach fünf Jahren am stärksten mit N,N-Dimethyl-5-Aminovalerat verbunden. Die Mehrzahl aller auffälligen Metabolite steht in Zusammenhang mit Zellvermehrung, bakteriellem Stoffwechsel und Gewebedestruktion. Fasst man die Analysen zusammen, sind 2-Pyrr und Butyrylputrescin die beständigsten Metabolite mit signifikanten Korrelationen. Daher erscheinen sie als besonders geeignet, das Ungleichgewicht der Mundflora widerzuspiegeln.
Aim: To evaluate the association of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) I related variables with periodontitis in the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). Material and Methods: From the cross-sectional SHIP, 2293 subjects with clinical attachment loss (CAL) data and 2398 subjects with tooth count data aged 20-59 years were analysed. Serum IGF-I and IGF binding protein (BP)-3 levels were determined by chemiluminescence immunoassays. Linear and logistic regressions with fractional polynomials were used to study associations between IGF-related variables and mean CAL or high tooth loss. For non-linear relations between IGFBP-3 and mean CAL, graphical presentations of fractional polynomials were used to deduce knots for linear splines. Results: In fully adjusted models, for serum IGFBP-3 values ≤1200 ng/mL, mean CAL increased significantly for decreasing serum IGFBP-3 levels (B=-0.027 (95% CI, -0.049; -0.005), p=0.02). The odds for high tooth loss decreased significantly for high serum IGFBP-3 values (OR=0.97 (0.95; 0.99), p=0.02). Serum IGF-I levels and the IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio were not related to mean CAL or tooth loss after full adjustment. Conclusions: Low serum IGFBP-3 levels might be associated with higher levels of periodontal disease. Neither serum IGF-I nor IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratios were associated with periodontitis.