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The Accuracy of On-Call CT Reporting in Teleradiology Networks in Comparison to In-House Reporting
(2021)
Strumawachstum : Größenentwichlung und funktionelle Relevanz von autonomen Schilddrüsenknoten
(1999)
In einer retrospektiven Analyse wurde die Spontanentwicklung von Strumen und Strumaknoten in Kurzzeitverlaufsmessungen (n = 448) und in Einmalmessungen / Langzeitentwicklung (n = 783) untersucht. Die funktionelle Relevanz von autonomen Strumaknoten wurde durch ihre Beziehung zu TSH (thyreoideastimulierendes Hormon), peripheren Schilddrüsenhormonen und TcTU (Technetium-Uptake) ermittelt. An 100 Strumapatienten mit Autonomie wurde nach Kontrastmittelapplikation die jodinduzierte Hyperthyreoserate analysiert. Bei 79 Patienten mit Autonomie erfolgt eine Analyse der klinische Symptomatik. Ergebnisse: -Knotenstrumen und Schilddrüsenknoten zeigen eine große Variabilität im spontanen Wachstum. -relative jährlichen Wachstumsraten im Mittel: Strumavolumen 5 ± 59% Knotendurchmesser 12 ± 25% Knotenvolumen 59 ± 150%. -Die relativen Wachstumsraten sind abhängig von der jeweiligen Knotenausgangsgröße: Kleine Knoten wachsen relativ schneller. -Zwischen autonomen, warmen und kalten Knoten sind keine signifikanten Wachstumsdifferenzen nachweisbar. -Die absoluten Knotengrößenzunahmen verhalten sich umgekehrt proportional zu den relativen Wachstumsraten. -In Langzeitverläufen nimmt der Knotendurchmesser im Mittel um 3 mm pro Jahr zu. -Bei Strumen mit Autonomie sind TSH. T3, fT4 und TcTUs mit dem Autonomievolumen korreliert. TSH zeigt die größten Änderungen im Verlauf. TcTUs verläuft proportional zum Autonomievolumen. -Nach Jodbelastung entwickelten 40% der autonomen Strumen eine Hyperthyreose. Diese tritt erst ab einem Knotendurchmesser von 28 mm (Automonievolumen > 7 ml) auf. -Klinische Symptome (~ 60% der Patienten) sind wenig spezifisch in Hinblick auf die Autonomiediagnostik.
: Background: High-impact trauma frequently leads to injuries of the orbit, but literature
focusing on the viscerocranium rather than the neurocranium is underrepresented. Methods: Retrospective cohort study (2006–2014) at an urban level 1 trauma center assessing the frequency and
typical patterns of orbital injuries on whole-body computed tomography (WBCT) with maxillofacial
multi-slice CT (MSCT) after severe trauma. (1) Screening of consecutive WBCT cases for dedicated
maxillofacial MSCT. (2) Examination by two independent experts’ radiologists for (peri-/)orbital
injuries. (3) Case review for trauma mechanisms. Results: 1061 WBCT were included revealing 250
(23.6%) patients with orbital injuries. Less than one-quarter (23.3%) of patients showed osseous
and 9.5% showed soft tissue injuries. Combined osseous and soft tissue lesions were present in
39.2% of orbital injuries, isolated soft tissue injuries were rare. Single- or two-wall fractures of the
orbit were prevalent, and the orbital floor was affected in 67% of fractures. Dislocated extraocular
muscles (44.6%), deformation of the ocular globe (23.8%), and elongation of the optic nerve (12.9%)
were the most frequently soft tissue findings. Vascular trauma was suspected in 15.8% of patients.
Conclusions: Orbital trauma was confirmed in 23.6% of cases with suspected facial injuries after severe
trauma. Concomitant soft tissue injuries should be excluded explicitly in cases with orbital fractures
to prevent loss of vision or ocular motility.
Background
The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is most frequently used to test processing speed in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Functional imaging studies emphasize the importance of frontal and parietal areas for task performance, but the influence of frontoparietal tracts has not been thoroughly studied. We were interested in tract-specific characteristics and their association with processing speed in MS patients.
Methods
Diffusion tensor imaging was obtained in 100 MS patients and 24 healthy matched controls to compare seed-based tract characteristics descending from the superior parietal lobule [Brodman area 7A (BA7A)], atlas-based tract characteristics from the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and control tract characteristics from the corticospinal tract (CST) and their respective association with ability on the SDMT.
Results
Patients had decreased performance on the SDMT and decreased white matter volume (each p < 0.05). The mean fractional anisotropy (FA) for the BA7A tract and CST (p < 0.05), but not the SLF, differed between MS patients and controls. Furthermore, only the FA of the SLF was positively associated with SDMT performance even after exclusion of the lesions within the tract (r = 0.25, p < 0.05). However, only disease disability and total white matter volume were associated with information processing speed in a linear regression model.
Conclusions
Processing speed in MS is associated with the structural integrity of frontoparietal white matter tracts.