Refine
Year of publication
- 2014 (230) (remove)
Document Type
- Doctoral Thesis (206)
- Article (23)
- Conference Proceeding (1)
Has Fulltext
- yes (230)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (230)
Keywords
- - (24)
- Plasma (7)
- Epidemiologie (5)
- Heparin (5)
- Prävention (5)
- Computertomographie (4)
- Herzinsuffizienz (4)
- Kernspintomographie (4)
- Motivation (4)
- Plasmadiagnostik (4)
Institute
- Institut für Physik (22)
- Institut für Pharmazie (16)
- Kliniken und Polikliniken für Innere Medizin (16)
- Institut für Community Medicine (15)
- Institut für Hygiene und Umweltmedizin (10)
- Institut für Biochemie (9)
- Institut für Diagnostische Radiologie (8)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde u. Geburtshilfe (8)
- Abteilung für Mikrobiologie und Molekularbiologie (7)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Chirurgie Abt. für Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie (7)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Chirurgie Abt. für Viszeral-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie (7)
- Institut für Anatomie und Zellbiologie (6)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie (6)
- Institut für Mathematik und Informatik (5)
- Institut für Med. Biochemie u. Molekularbiologie (5)
- Institut für Psychologie (5)
- Zoologisches Institut und Museum (5)
- Institut für Geographie und Geologie (4)
- Institut für Mikrobiologie - Abteilung für Genetik & Biochemie (4)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde (4)
- Poliklinik für Zahnerhaltung, Parodontologie und Endodontologie (4)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (4)
- Institut für Botanik und Landschaftsökologie & Botanischer Garten (3)
- Institut für Pathologie (3)
- Institut für Pharmakologie (3)
- Interfakultäres Institut für Genetik und Funktionelle Genomforschung (UMG) (3)
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie (3)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin (3)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie (3)
- Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie, Präventive Zahnmedizin und Kinderzahnheilkunde (3)
- Poliklinik für zahnärztliche Prothetik und Werkstoffkunde (3)
- Rechtswissenschaften (3)
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie (2)
- Institut für Epidemiologie u. Sozialmedizin (2)
- Institut für Geschichte der Medizin (bis 2014) (2)
- Institut für Immunologie u. Transfusionsmedizin - Abteilung Immunologie (2)
- Institut für Immunologie u. Transfusionsmedizin - Abteilung Transfusionsmedizin (2)
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsmedizin (2)
- Institut für Medizinische Psychologie (2)
- Institut für Philosophie (2)
- Institut für Physiologie (2)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenkrankheiten (2)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin Abt. Nephrologie, Hochdruckkrankheiten und Dialyse (2)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie (2)
- Historisches Institut (1)
- Institut für Erziehungswissenschaft (1)
- Institut für Pathophysiologie (1)
- Institut für Politik- und Kommunikationswissenschaft (1)
- Interfakultäres Institut für Genetik und Funktionelle Genomforschung (MNF) (1)
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin (1)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Chirurgie (1)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie/Plastische Operationen (1)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie (1)
Publisher
- S. Karger AG (9)
- Frontiers Media S.A. (8)
- IOP Publishing (4)
- De Gruyter (3)
Inflammation is part of the body's immune response in order to remove harmful stimuli—like pathogens, irritants or damaged cells—and start the healing process. Recurrent or chronic inflammation on the other side seems a predisposing factor for carcinogenesis and has been found associated with cancer development. In chronic pancreatitis mutations of the cationic trypsinogen (PRSS1) gene have been identified as risk factors of the disease. Hereditary pancreatitis (HP) is a rare cause of chronic pancreatic inflammation with an early onset, mostly during childhood. HP often starts with recurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis and the clinical phenotype is not very much different from other etiologies of the disease. The long-lasting inflammation however generates a tumor promoting environment and represents a major risk factor for tumor development This review will reflect our knowledge concerning the specific risk of HP patients to develop pancreatic cancer.
Because of its antimicrobial properties, nonthermal plasma could serve as an alternative to chemical antisepsis in wound treatment. Therefore, this study investigated the inactivation of biofilm-embedded Pseudomonas aeruginosa SG81 by a surface barrier-discharged (SBD) plasma for 30, 60, 150 and 300 s. In order to optimize the efficacy of the plasma, different carrier gases (argon, argon admixed with 1% oxygen, and argon with increased humidity up to approx. 80%) were tested and compared against 0.1% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHG) exposure for 600 s. The antimicrobial efficacy was determined by calculating the difference between the numbers of colony-forming units (CFU) of treated and untreated biofilms. Living bacteria were distinguished from dead by fluorescent staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Both SBD plasmas and CHG showed significant antimicrobial effects compared to the untreated control. However, plasma treatment led to a higher antimicrobial reduction (argon plasma 4.9 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/cm<sup>2</sup>, argon with admixed oxygen 3 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/cm<sup>2</sup>, and with increased gas humidity 2.7 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/cm<sup>2</sup> after 300 s) compared to CHG. In conclusion, SBD plasma is suitable as an alternative to CHG for inactivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa embedded in biofilm. Further development of SBD plasma sources and research on the role of carrier gases and humidity may allow their clinical application for wound management in the future.
Purines of exogenous and endogenous sources are degraded to uric acid in human beings. Concentrations >6.8 mg uric acid/dl serum cause hyperuricemia and its symptoms. Pharmaceuticals and the reduction of the intake of purine-rich food are used to control uric acid levels. A novel approach to the latter proposition is the enzymatic reduction of the purine content of food by purine-degrading enzymes. Here we describe the production of recombinant guanine deaminase by the yeast Arxula adeninivorans LS3 and its application in food. In media supplemented with nitrogen sources hypoxanthine or adenine, guanine deaminase (AGDA) gene expression is induced and intracellular accumulation of guanine deaminase (Agdap) protein occurs. The characteristics of the guanine deaminase isolated from wild-type strain LS3 and a transgenic strain expressing the AGDA gene under control of the strong constitutive TEF1 promoter were determined and compared. Both enzymes were dimeric and had temperature optima of 55°C with high substrate specificity for guanine and localisation in both the cytoplasm and vacuole of yeast. The enzyme was demonstrated to reduce levels of guanine in food. A mixture of guanine deaminase and other purine degradation enzymes will allow the reduction of purines in purine-rich foods.
SummaryBackground: According to the literature, ductoscopy is gaining increasing importance in the diagnosis of intraductal anomalies in cases of pathologic nipple discharge. In a multicenter study, the impact of this method was assessed in comparison with that of standard diagnostics. Patients and Methods: Between 09/2006 and 05/2009, a total of 214 patients from 7 German breast centers were included. All patients underwent elective ductoscopy and subsequent ductal excision because of pathologic nipple discharge. Ductoscopy was compared with the following standard diagnostics: breast sonography, mammography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), galactography, cytologic nipple swab, and ductal lavage cytology. The histological and imaging results were compared and contrasted to the results obtained from the nipple swab and cytologic assessment. Results: Sonography had the highest (82.9%) sensitivity, followed by MRI (82.5%), galactography (81.3%), ductoscopy (71.2%), lavage cytology (57.8%), mammography (57.1%), and nipple swab (22.8%). Nipple swabs had the highest (85.5%) specificity, followed by lavage cytology (85.2%), ductoscopy (49.4%), galactography (44.4%), mammography (33.3%), sonography (17.9%), and MRI (11.8%). Conclusion: Currently, ductoscopy provides a direct intraoperative visualization of intraductal lesions. Sensitivity and specificity are similar to those of standard diagnostics. The technique supports selective duct excision, in contrast to the unselective technique according to Urban. Therefore, ductoscopy extends the interventional/diagnostic armamentarium.
Neural characteristics of verbal creativity as assessed by word generation tasks have been recently identified, but differences in resting-state functional connectivity (rFC) between experts and non-experts in creative writing have not been reported yet. Previous electroencephalography (EEG) coherence measures during rest demonstrated a decreased cooperation between brain areas in association with creative thinking ability. Here, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare 20 experts in creative writing and 23 age-matched non-experts with respect to rFC strengths within a brain network previously found to be associated with creative writing. Decreased rFC for experts was found between areas 44 of both hemispheres. Increased rFC for experts was observed between right hemispheric caudate and intraparietal sulcus. Correlation analysis of verbal creativity indices (VCIs) with rFC values in the expert group revealed predominantly negative associations, particularly of rFC between left area 44 and left temporal pole. Overall, our data support previous findings of reduced connectivity between interhemispheric areas and increased right-hemispheric connectivity during rest in highly verbally creative individuals.
Background: Abdominal surgery is frequently followed by immune dysfunction usually lasting for several days. This is especially important in cases with tumour diseases as an intact immune function is essential in this situation. Therefore, we analysed the outcome of tumour-bearing mice in a mouse model of surgically induced immune dysfunction (SID). Methods: In male C57BL/6 mice, a pancreatic tumour was implanted orthotopically. Following tumour implantation, the model of SID was applied. The control groups were either laparotomised or underwent no surgical procedure. The survival rate was determined by observation for >60 days. The tumour growth progress was imaged by a 7-tesla small animal MRI. Results: On day 60 after tumour implantation, the survival rate in SID mice was reduced to 41%. In the laparotomised group, 81% of mice survived, while the control group had a survival rate of 75%. These differences were significant (SID vs. control: p < 0.02, and SID vs. laparotomy: p < 0.002). The tumour volume was not influenced by the degree of surgical trauma. Conclusion: In pancreatic cancer, the SID model is ideally suited to investigate the influence of SID on this tumour entity.
Background: Alcohol dependence is among the most severely stigmatized mental disorders. We examine whether negative stereotypes and illness beliefs related to alcohol dependence have changed between 1990 and 2011. Methods: We used data from two population surveys with identical methodology that were conducted among German citizens aged ≥18 years, living in the ‘old' German states. They were conducted in 1990 and 2011, respectively. In random subsamples (1990: n = 1,022, and 2011: n = 1,167), identical questions elicited agreement with statements regarding alcohol dependence, particularly with regard to the illness definition of alcohol dependence and blame. Results: Overall, agreement with negative stereotypes did not change in the course of 2 decades. About 55% of the respondents agreed that alcohol dependence is an illness like any other, >40% stated that it was a weakness of character and 30% endorsed that those affected are themselves to blame for their problems. Conclusions: It is apparent that promoting an illness concept of alcohol dependence has not been an easy solution to the problem of stigma. We discuss how the normative functions of alcohol dependence stigma might have prevented a reduction of negative stereotypes.
Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) causes hypoglycemia due to irregular insulin secretion. In infants, a rapid diagnosis and appropriate management to avoid severe hypoglycemia is mandatory. CHI is a heterogeneous condition at the clinical and genetic level, and disease-causing genes have been identified in about half of the patients. The majority of mutations have been identified in the ABCC8 and KCNJ11 genes encoding subunits of the K<sub>ATP</sub> channel responsible for two distinct histological forms. The diffuse form is caused by autosomal recessive or dominant inherited mutations, whereas the focal form is caused by a paternally transmitted recessive mutation and a second somatic event. We report on an unselected cohort of 136 unrelated patients from the German CHI registry. Mutations in either the ABCC8 or KCNJ11 gene were identified in 61 of these patients (45%). In total, 64 different mutations including 38 novel ones were detected in this cohort. We observed biparental (recessive) inheritance in 34% of mutation-positive patients, dominant inheritance in 11% and paternal transmission of a mutation associated with a focal CHI type in 38%. In addition, we observed inheritance patterns that do not exactly follow the classical recessive or dominant mode, further adding to the genetic complexity of this disease.