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ABSTRACT
The Upper Pleistocene geoarchives in the south‐eastern Carpathian Basin are represented predominantly by loess–palaeosol records. In 2015, a 10 m sediment core composed of clay‐rich lacustrine sediments was recovered by vibracoring a dry lake basin located between the Vršac Mountains (Serbia) and the Banat Sands in the south‐eastern Carpathian Basin; a location relevant for placing regional archaeological results in a palaeoenvironmental context. Here, we present results from geoelectrical prospection and a lithostratigraphic interpretation of this sequence supported by a detailed granulometric study supplemented by ostracod analysis. An age model based on luminescence dating is discussed against sedimentological proxy data and its implication for palaeoenvironmental change. The cores show a stratigraphy of lighter ochre‐coloured and darker greyish sediment, related to the deposition of clay and silt trapped in an aquatic environment. Geophysical measurements show ~20 m thick lacustrine sediments. The grain‐size distributions including the variability in fine clay are indicative of a lacustrine environment. Fine particles were brought into the depositional environments by aquatic input and settled from suspension; also, direct dust input is constrained by grain‐size results. Riverine input and aeolian dust input interplayed at the locality.
The present work is a paleolimnological orientated approach to refine and improve the indicator ability of freshwater ostracods from Holocene and Late glacial deposits in northeast Germany. The thesis follows two different approaches, one utilizes quantitative paleoenvironmental analysis, while the other evaluates ecological investigations of living specimens to extend the potential indicator group. For the first time quantitative ostracod analysis are carried out for a lacustrine basin (lake Krakower See) and a near-shore locality (Pudagla lowland) in the study area. The ecological investigation of living ostracods comprises 96 localities. The evaluation focused on environmental variables, which explain significantly the species composition. A canonical correspondence analysis identified at least four environmental parameters - water temperature, conductivity, pH-value, and mean water depth – which have an effect on ostracod assemblages. An extended analysis, which included only a subset of lake sites, revealed also that the former three environmental parameters affect the ostracod lake fauna, whereas the water temperature is the dominant factor. A temperature-transfer function could be regressed and calculated from the given trainingset by a weighted average model. These estimates can now be use in future paleolimnological investigations in northeast Germany to quantify the paleotemperature.