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Research has already shown that the maternal anthropometry affects birth weight. The impact on birth weight, body length and head circumference percentiles was not yet investigated. The aim of our observational studies was to develop individualized percentile charts (birth weight, body length and head circumference) for neonates based on maternal weight and height. To achieve this, we analyzed data of 2.2 million newborns stratified by maternal height and weight from the German Perinatal Survey.
The percentiles based on 18 groups stratified by maternal anthropometry for both sexes showed significant differences between identical original percentiles. The differences were up to almost 800 g between identical percentiles for petite and grande mothers. Birth length differed by several centimeters for the same percentiles between groups of short and tall stature mothers, whereas birth head circumference differed up to 1.2 cm.
Our analysis showed that maternal anthropometry has a significant effect on the classification of newborns as LGA (large for gestational age), AGA (appropriate for gestational age) and SGA (small for gestational age). Individualized charts show higher specificity than percentile charts that do not include those data and provide more individual prediction of perinatal risks.