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Synopsis
By interaction with electrons in ion storage devices (ion-cyclotron-resonance and radio-frequency traps) negatively charged clusters of gold and aluminum have been produced up to the 6th and 10th charge state, respectively. The production of these poly-anions opens exciting new possibilities to measure their lifetimes, to monitor their relaxation schemes after laser radiation, as well as to probe their Coulomb barriers.
Synopsis
C+60 has been proposed to be responsible for two of the diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs), the absorption features observed in the visible-to-near-infrared spectra of the interstellar medium. However, a confirmation requires laboratory gas-phase spectra, which are so far not available. We plan to develop a novel spectroscopy technique that will allow us to obtain the first gas-phase spectra of C+60, and that will be applicable to other complex organic molecules such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The current status of the experimental setup, the ideas behind the measurement scheme and the preparatory work toward its implementation will be presented.
Abstract
We have demonstrated efficient injection and trapping of a cold positron beam in a dipole magnetic field configuration. The intense 5 eV positron beam was provided by the NEutron induced POsitron source MUniCh facility at the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, and transported into the confinement region of the dipole field trap generated by a supported, permanent magnet with 0.6 T strength at the pole faces. We achieved transport into the region of field lines that do not intersect the outer wall using the
drift of the positron beam between a pair of tailored plates that created the electric field. We present evidence that up to 38% of the beam particles are able to reach the intended confinement region and make at least a 180° rotation around the magnet where they annihilate on an insertable target. When the target is removed and the
plate voltages are switched off, confinement of a small population persists for on the order of 1 ms. These results lend optimism to our larger aims to apply a magnetic dipole field configuration for trapping of both positrons and electrons in order to test predictions of the unique properties of a pair plasma.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review of the Literature
(2015)
The objective of this systematic review was to discuss our current understanding of the complex relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We performed a systematic search of the literature related to both COPD and diabetes using PubMed. Relevant data connecting both diseases were compiled and discussed. Recent evidence suggests that diabetes can worsen the progression and prognosis of COPD; this may result from the direct effects of hyperglycemia on lung physiology, inflammation or susceptibility to bacterial infection. Conversely, it has also been suggested that COPD increases the risk of developing T2DM as a consequence of inflammatory processes and/or therapeutic side effects related to the use of high-dose corticosteroids. In conclusion, although there is evidence to support a connection between COPD and diabetes, additional research is needed to better understand these relationships and their possible implications.
Abstract:
Among Jewish scholars, Leo Baeck was the first to refer (in 1938) to the Gospels in general as “a Jewish book among Jewish books.” This statement has some plausibility for Matthew or Mark. But could it also be true for Luke, long regarded as the hero of “Gentile Christian” theology? This paper explores this question beginning first with some problems mainly concerning terminology: Does Luke have “anti-Jewish” tendencies (as postulated by many scholars)? Of what relevance is the “parting of the ways” paradigm in recent discussion? And finally, what bearing does Christology have on the “Jewishness” of the Lukan text? A second section explores motifs common to Luke and the Jewish literature of his time, such as the form of biographical narration, the validity and function of the Torah, religious institutions and geographical constellations. The final portion of the paper attempts to locate Luke anew in his world. I argue in particular that there are good reasons to see him as a diaspora Jew present somewhere in Greece, whose Jewish tradition is inherited, but whose Hellenistic education is acquired. His writing thus reflects a form of religious literature much more complex and nuanced than simple labels can attest.
The current cross-national study investigates the potential buffering role of socio-motivational relationships for the association of achievement drive (AD) and test anxiety (TX) in secondary school students from Canada and Germany. One thousand and eighty-eight students (54% girls, Mage = 13.71, SD = 0.53, age span 12–15 years) from the state of Brandenburg and 389 students from Quebéc (55.9% girls, Mage = 13.43, SD = 0.82, age span 12–16 years) were asked about their socio-motivational relationships with their teachers and peers, their drive for achievement, and TX. Multigroup latent moderated structural equations were conducted to test for the moderator role of socio-motivational relationships that would buffer feelings of TX related to the drive for achievement. The analyses revealed the two-sided role socio-motivational relationships can have for students with different levels of AD; intensifying or mitigating feelings of TX. Thereby, the results of this study extend the buffering hypothesis by Cohen and Wills (1985). Cross-national differences between Canada and Germany were found concerning the studied moderators on the association of AD and TX: While for German students teacher–student relationships acted as moderator, for Canadian students student–student relationships and teachers acting as positive motivators displayed a moderator role.
The shared decline in cognitive abilities, sensory functions (e.g., vision and hearing), and physical health with increasing age is well documented with some research attributing this shared age-related decline to a single common cause (e.g., aging brain). We evaluate the extent to which the common cause hypothesis predicts associations between vision and physical health with social cognition abilities specifically face perception and face memory. Based on a sample of 443 adults (17–88 years old), we test a series of structural equation models, including Multiple Indicator Multiple Cause (MIMIC) models, and estimate the extent to which vision and self-reported physical health are related to face perception and face memory through a common factor, before and after controlling for their fluid cognitive component and the linear effects of age. Results suggest significant shared variance amongst these constructs, with a common factor explaining some, but not all, of the shared age-related variance. Also, we found that the relations of face perception, but not face memory, with vision and physical health could be completely explained by fluid cognition. Overall, results suggest that a single common cause explains most, but not all age-related shared variance with domain specific aging mechanisms evident.