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Triple helix-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) are one of the most specific DNA duplex binding agents and offer new perspectives towards oligonucleotide-mediated gene regulation and manipulation. However, the poor thermodynamic stability of DNA triplexes under physiological conditions limits a successful application in the antigene strategy. Thus, the conjugation of TFOs with small triplex-specific binding ligands is a promising approach to stabilize the formed complexes and to enhance their overall binding affinity. The present study focused on the synthesis of novel TFO conjugates with triplex-binding indolo[3,2-b]quinoline derivatives (PIQ) and on their ability to form and stabilize intermolecular triplexes through their recognition of a duplex target. During the course of the work the thermodynamics of conjugate binding and structural aspects of drug-DNA interactions have been characterized by a variety of spectroscopic and calorimetric techniques.
Indoloquinoline derivatives are very interesting compounds for pharmaceutical applications because of their broad spectrum of biological activity. However, phenyl-substituted indoloquinolines suffer from solubility problems in aqueous solution and require the synthesis of better soluble derivatives for their effective application. Therefore, the indoloquinoline derivatives were covalently attached to two different types of cationic aminoalkyl linkers. After having successfully established the synthesis and subsequent purification of the novel derivatives that could be isolated in excellent yields, these ligands were characterized in this thesis with regard to their spectral properties in different environments and their sequence specific binding to different types of nucleic acids with a variety of spectroscopic methods.