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Institute
Abstract
Aim
This study analysed the comparative cost of feeding donor human milk to preterm infants compared to mother's own milk and formula.
Methods
A document and process analysis and a time measurement study were carried out at the milk bank of the Level 1 Perinatal Center of the University Hospital of Greifswald, Germany, from April to June 2017. The cost analysis data were provided by the University's financial department.
Results
The total cost per year was €92 085.02 for 300 litres of donor human milk: 27% of this was material costs, 51% was personnel costs, and 22% was other overheads. The average cost per litre was €306.95, and staff time was 492 minutes per litre. The total marginal cost for each additional litre of donor human milk, formula or unpasteurised mother´s milk was €82.88, €10.28 and €38.42, respectively. Pasteurising a litre of donor milk cost €3.51.
Conclusion
Providing preterm infants with donor milk was much more expensive than using formula or mother's own milk, but the cost of pasteurisation was minimal.
Human donor milk (HDM) provides appropriate nutrition and offers protective functionsin preterm infants. The aim of the study is to examine the impact of different storage conditions onthe stability of the human breast milk peptidome. HDM was directly frozen at−80◦C or stored at−20◦C (120 h), 4◦C (6 h), or room temperature (RT for 6 or 24 h). The milk peptidome was profiledby mass spectrometry after peptide collection by ultrafiltration. Profiling of the peptidome covered3587 peptides corresponding to 212 proteins. The variance of the peptidome increased with storagetemperature and time and varied for different peptides. The highest impact was observed whensamples were stored at RT. Smaller but significant effects were still observed in samples stored at4◦C, while samples showed highest similarity to those immediately frozen at−80◦C when storedat−20◦C. Peptide structures after storage at RT for 24 h point to the increased activity of thrombinand other proteases cleaving proteins at lysine/arginine. The results point to an ongoing proteindegradation/peptide production by milk-derived proteases. They underline the need for immediatefreezing of HDM at−20◦C or−80◦C to prevent degradation of peptides and enable reproducibleinvestigation of prospectively collected samples.
Abstract
Background
The health status of newborns is a major concern for parents and medical personnel. Recent studies have provided increasing evidence that factors from the foetal and perinatal periods of life influence health later in life. The “Follow‐up of the Survey of Neonates in Pomerania” (SNiP‐I‐Follow‐up) is the first follow‐up of the population‐based birth cohort study, SNiP‐I, established in north‐east Germany.
Objectives
The primary aim of SNiP‐I‐Follow‐up study was the collection of longitudinal data on children and adolescents. The associations will be analysed between risk factors in pregnancy and the perinatal period and health status in infancy and later childhood.
Population
The population‐based cohort study SNiP‐I was conducted in Pomerania in north‐east Germany between February 2002 and November 2008. All mothers from the SNiP‐I birth cohort were recontacted when their children were from 9 to 15 years of age.
Design
The SNiP‐I‐Follow‐up study was carried out between December 2016 and August 2017 and is a questionnaire‐based survey.
Methods
Physical development, health status, and social behaviour (school and leisure behaviour) of children were analysed using a questionnaire comprising medical, epidemiological, and socio‐economic data, associated health care risk factors, and life circumstances of newborns, children, and their parents.
Preliminary results
Out of 5725 children invited to participate in the SNiP‐I‐Follow‐up study between December 2016 and August 2017, 29% (n = 1665) children participated in the SNiP‐I‐Follow‐up study, providing data on 1665 mothers‐child dyads. Responders had higher socio‐economic status, especially in relation to maternal education status.
Conclusion
As a longitudinal birth cohort from rural Germany, the SNiP cohort will be a resource to address urgent research needs and contribute to overall population health.