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Aim
To investigate the medium-term associations of serum protein subfractions derived from proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy with periodontitis and tooth loss.
Materials and Methods
A total of 3031 participants of the cohort Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-TREND) were included. In addition to conventional serum testing, serum lipoprotein contents and subfractions were analysed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Confounder-adjusted associations of lipoprotein variables with periodontitis and the number of missing teeth variables were analysed using mixed-effects models with random intercepts for time across individuals, accounting for multiple testing.
Results
While only spurious associations between lipoprotein levels from conventional blood tests were found—that is, triglycerides were associated with mean clinical attachment level (CAL) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C) ratio with the number of missing teeth - several associations emerged from serum lipoprotein subfractions derived from 1H-NMR analysis. Specifically, elevated LDL triglycerides were associated with higher levels of mean probing depth (PD), mean CALs, and increased odds of having <20 teeth. HDL-4 cholesterol levels were inversely associated with mean PD. Systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein) might mediate the effects of LDL and HDL triglyceride contents on periodontitis severity.
Conclusions
Several associations between serum lipoprotein subfractions and periodontitis were observed. As the underlying biochemical mechanisms remain unclear, further research is needed.
Poor sleep quality or sleep deprivation may be related to decreased bone mineral density. We aimed to assess whether associations of sleep characteristics and bone turnover or strength are present in adults from the general population and whether these are independent of common risk factors such as sex, age, and obesity. A total of 1037 participants from the Study of Health in Pomerania-TREND underwent laboratory-based polysomnography and quantitative ultrasound measurements at the heel. Of these participants, 804 completed standardised questionnaires to assess daytime sleepiness, insomnia, and sleep quality. Serum concentrations of two bone turnover markers, intact amino-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP) and carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX) were measured. Cross-sectional associations of polysomnography variables (total sleep time, sleep efficiency, time spent wake after sleep onset, oxygen desaturation index, apnea–hypopnea index, and obstructive sleep apnea [OSA]), as well as sleep questionnaire scores with the bone turnover markers and the ultrasound-based stiffness index were assessed in linear regression models. In adjusted models, higher insomnia scores and lower sleep quality scores were related to a higher bone turnover in women but not in men. However, associations between polysomnography variables or questionnaire scores and the stiffness index were absent. Our study provides limited evidence for relationships between sleep characteristics and bone turnover and strength independent of common risk factors for OSA and osteoporosis. Nevertheless, women reporting poor sleep or insomnia in combination with risk factors for osteoporosis might benefit from an evaluation of bone health.
Life-threatening toxic shock syndrome is often caused by the superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) produced by Staphylococcus aureus. A well-known risk factor is the lack of neutralizing antibodies. To identify determinants of the anti-TSST-1 antibody response, we examined 976 participants of the German population-based epidemiological Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-TREND-0). We measured anti-TSST-1 antibody levels, analyzed the colonization with TSST-1-encoding S. aureus strains, and performed a genome-wide association analysis of genetic risk factors. TSST-1-specific serum IgG levels varied over a range of 4.2 logs and were elevated by a factor of 12.3 upon nasal colonization with TSST-1-encoding S. aureus. Moreover, the anti-TSST-1 antibody levels were strongly associated with HLA class II gene loci. HLA-DRB1*03:01 and HLA-DQB1*02:01 were positively, and HLA-DRB1*01:01 as well as HLA-DQB1*05:01 negatively associated with the anti-TSST-1 antibody levels. Thus, both toxin exposure and HLA alleles affect the human antibody response to TSST-1.
Background: The global obesity epidemic is a major public health concern, and accurate diagnosis is essential for identifying at-risk individuals. Three-dimensional (3D) body scanning technology offers several advantages over the standard practice of tape measurements for diagnosing obesity. This study was conducted to validate body scan data from a German population-based cohort and explore clinical implications of this technology in the context of metabolic syndrome. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 354 participants from the Study of Health in Pomerania that completed a 3D body scanning examination. The agreement of anthropometric data obtained from 3D body scanning with manual tape measurements was analyzed using correlation analysis and Bland–Altman plots. Classification agreement regarding abdominal obesity based on IDF guidelines was assessed using Cohen’s kappa. The association of body scan measures with metabolic syndrome components was explored using correlation analysis. Results: Three-dimensional body scanning showed excellent validity with slightly larger values that presumably reflect the true circumferences more accurately. Metabolic syndrome was highly prevalent in the sample (31%) and showed strong associations with central obesity. Using body scan vs. tape measurements of waist circumference for classification resulted in a 16% relative increase in the prevalence of abdominal obesity (61.3% vs. 52.8%). Conclusions: These results suggest that the prevalence of obesity may be underestimated using the standard method of tape measurements, highlighting the need for more accurate approaches.
Helicobacter (H.) pylori is the most important cause for peptic ulcer disease and a risk factor for gastric carcinoma. How colonization with H. pylori affects the intestinal microbiota composition in humans is unknown. We investigated the association of H. pylori infection with intestinal microbiota composition in the population-based cohort Study-of-Health-in-pomerania (SHip)-tRenD. Anti-H. pylori serology and H. pylori stool antigen tests were used to determine the H. pylori infection status. the fecal microbiota composition of 212 H. pylori positive subjects and 212 matched negative control individuals was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. H. pylori infection was found to be significantly associated with fecal microbiota alterations and a general increase in fecal microbial diversity. in infected individuals, the H. pylori stool antigen load determined a larger portion of the microbial variation than age or sex. the highest H. pylori stool antigen loads were associated with a putatively harmful microbiota composition. this study demonstrates profound alterations in human fecal microbiota of H. pylori infected individuals. While the increased microbiota diversity associated with H. pylori infection as well as changes in abundance of specific genera could be considered to be beneficial, others may be associated with adverse health effects, reflecting the complex relationship between H. pylori and its human host.
Background: The aim of our study was to investigate associations of spleen volume with blood count markers and lipid profile in the general population.
Materials & methods: Cross-sectional data from 1,106 individuals aged 30–90 years from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-START-2) were analyzed. Blood count markers included red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin, platelet count, and white blood cell (WBC) counts. Lipid profile included total-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) as well as triglycerides. Linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, body height, and weight were used to associate standardized spleen volume with blood counts and lipid profile markers.
Results: Spleen volume was positively associated with RBC (β = 0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.03 to 0.08) and hemoglobin (β = 0.05; 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.09) but inversely with platelet count (β = −16.3; 95% CI = –20.5 to −12.1) and WBC (β = −0.25; 95% CI = −0.37 to −0.14). Furthermore, spleen volume showed inverse associations with total cholesterol (β = −0.17; 95% CI = −0.24 to −0.09), HDL-C (β = −0.08; 95% CI = −0.10 to −0.05), and LDL-C (β = −0.12; 95% CI = −0.17 to −0.06). There was no significant association of spleen volume with triglycerides.
Conclusion: Our study showed that the spleen volume is associated with markers of the blood count and lipid profile in the general population.