Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (1853)
- Doctoral Thesis (807)
- Conference Proceeding (17)
- Course Material (4)
- Book (2)
- Part of a Book (1)
- Final Thesis (1)
- Report (1)
Language
- English (2686) (remove)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (2686)
Keywords
- - (1131)
- Staphylococcus aureus (31)
- proteomics (31)
- plasma medicine (29)
- Plasma (28)
- climate change (28)
- reactive oxygen species (24)
- COVID-19 (23)
- Germany (22)
- Plasmaphysik (22)
- Biokatalyse (20)
- biocatalysis (19)
- depression (19)
- periodontitis (19)
- stroke (19)
- ROS (16)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (16)
- cold physical plasma (15)
- inflammation (15)
- Depression (14)
- Proteomics (14)
- Stellarator (13)
- biomarker (13)
- microbiome (13)
- Enzym (12)
- Massenspektrometrie (12)
- SARS-CoV-2 (12)
- epidemiology (12)
- mass spectrometry (12)
- metabolomics (12)
- sepsis (12)
- Biocatalysis (11)
- Molekularbiologie (11)
- Proteindesign (11)
- dementia (11)
- phenotypic plasticity (11)
- Epidemiologie (10)
- Klimawandel (10)
- Plasmadiagnostik (10)
- Proteomanalyse (10)
- Simulation (10)
- Virologie (10)
- antibiotic resistance (10)
- biofilm (10)
- gene expression (10)
- infection (10)
- kINPen (10)
- machine learning (10)
- platelets (10)
- Ökologie (10)
- <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (9)
- Alzheimer’s disease (9)
- Bacillus subtilis (9)
- Diabetes mellitus (9)
- MRI (9)
- Vietnam (9)
- aging (9)
- dendrochronology (9)
- neuroblastoma (9)
- oncology (9)
- protein engineering (9)
- quality of life (9)
- Atmosphärendruckplasma (8)
- Fledermäuse (8)
- Modellierung (8)
- antimicrobial resistance (8)
- cancer (8)
- children (8)
- metaproteomics (8)
- mortality (8)
- multiple sclerosis (8)
- reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (8)
- rehabilitation (8)
- Baltic Sea (7)
- Children (7)
- Cluster (7)
- Epidemiology (7)
- Genetik (7)
- Inflammation (7)
- Karies (7)
- Komplexes Plasma (7)
- Metabolomics (7)
- Plasmamedizin (7)
- Sepsis (7)
- Wendelstein 7-X (7)
- apoptosis (7)
- atomic force microscopy (7)
- colonization (7)
- immunotherapy (7)
- metabolism (7)
- oxidative stress (7)
- paludiculture (7)
- peatland (7)
- pregnancy (7)
- proteasome (7)
- resistance (7)
- rewetting (7)
- transcriptome (7)
- vaccine (7)
- validation (7)
- virulence (7)
- Bacillus (6)
- Bakterien (6)
- Deutschland (6)
- Fernerkundung (6)
- GWAS (6)
- Geochemie (6)
- Immunologie (6)
- Kaltes Plasma (6)
- Kernfusion (6)
- Mass spectrometry (6)
- Moor (6)
- Parodontitis (6)
- Plasmachemie (6)
- Protein-Engineering (6)
- Proteom (6)
- RNS (6)
- SHIP (6)
- SLC22A1 (6)
- SNP (6)
- Spektroskopie (6)
- Statistik (6)
- antibiotics (6)
- antibody (6)
- antimicrobial (6)
- autoinflammation (6)
- barrier discharge (6)
- behavior change (6)
- biomarkers (6)
- cerebrospinal fluid (6)
- cognition (6)
- cold atmospheric pressure plasma (6)
- cytotoxicity (6)
- dusty plasma (6)
- epilepsy (6)
- forest ecology (6)
- inhibition (6)
- innate immunity (6)
- magnetic resonance imaging (6)
- miRNA (6)
- microbiota (6)
- network analysis (6)
- pancreatitis (6)
- periacetabular osteotomy (6)
- plasma (6)
- prediction (6)
- proteome (6)
- public health (6)
- survival (6)
- synthesis (6)
- telemedicine (6)
- transcriptomics (6)
- Adaptation (5)
- Anpassung (5)
- Antikörper (5)
- Apoptosis (5)
- Biochemie (5)
- Biofilm (5)
- Biotechnologie (5)
- CAP (5)
- CRISPR/Cas9 (5)
- Caries (5)
- ESBL (5)
- Evolution (5)
- Fusion (5)
- Heubacillus (5)
- Immunsystem (5)
- Ionenfalle (5)
- Jahresring (5)
- Klimaänderung (5)
- MRSA (5)
- Metallcluster (5)
- Naturschutz (5)
- Niedertemperaturplasma (5)
- OCT1 (5)
- Obesity (5)
- Ostsee (5)
- Pancreatic cancer (5)
- Pregnancy (5)
- Protein Engineering (5)
- Proteine (5)
- Rasterkraftmikroskopie (5)
- Schlaganfall (5)
- Telemedicine (5)
- Zoonose (5)
- acute pancreatitis (5)
- alcohol (5)
- antimicrobial peptides (5)
- asthma (5)
- bile acids (5)
- biodiversity (5)
- boreal forest (5)
- brain (5)
- clinical (5)
- cold atmospheric plasma (5)
- cytokines (5)
- deep learning (5)
- dendroecology (5)
- diagnostics (5)
- dinutuximab beta (5)
- drug resistance (5)
- electrochemistry (5)
- emotion (5)
- fMRI (5)
- fatty acids (5)
- gender (5)
- genetic adaptation (5)
- genotyping (5)
- hydrogen peroxide (5)
- immune response (5)
- local adaptation (5)
- memory (5)
- mental health (5)
- mitochondria (5)
- monocytes (5)
- motor rehabilitation (5)
- obesity (5)
- organic cation transporter 1 (5)
- pain (5)
- pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (5)
- pandemic (5)
- prevention (5)
- prognosis (5)
- prostate cancer (5)
- seizure (5)
- social cognition (5)
- surface charge (5)
- temperature (5)
- thermodynamics (5)
- tooth loss (5)
- ubiquitin (5)
- wood anatomy (5)
- wound healing (5)
- <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (4)
- Aging (4)
- Alexithymia (4)
- Alkohol (4)
- Angst (4)
- Apoptose (4)
- Assessment (4)
- B cells (4)
- BCL11B (4)
- Bacteroidetes (4)
- Buche (4)
- Chemotherapy (4)
- China (4)
- Chiroptera (4)
- Chronic kidney disease (4)
- Climate change (4)
- Degradation (4)
- Delphi study (4)
- Dementia (4)
- Dendrochronologie (4)
- Diffusion (4)
- Dissertation (4)
- Divertor (4)
- ECG (4)
- EEG (4)
- Enzyme (4)
- Europe (4)
- Furcht (4)
- Fusionsplasma (4)
- G-quadruplexes (4)
- Hochfrequenzplasma (4)
- Holozän (4)
- Hydrogen peroxide (4)
- IgE (4)
- Immunoglobulin G (4)
- Impfstoff (4)
- Infektionen (4)
- Interferon (4)
- K (4)
- LC-MS (4)
- MCID (4)
- Makrophage (4)
- Metaproteomics (4)
- Microvascular decompression (4)
- Mitochondrium (4)
- Molecular biology (4)
- Monitoring (4)
- Morphologie (4)
- NGS (4)
- Niere (4)
- One Health (4)
- Oxidativer Stress (4)
- P188 (4)
- PDAC (4)
- Pancreatitis (4)
- Penningfalle (4)
- Periodontitis (4)
- Pflanzen (4)
- Phosphorylierung (4)
- Physik (4)
- Pneumokokken (4)
- Polyanion (4)
- Prevalence (4)
- Protein engineering (4)
- Prävention (4)
- Quality of life (4)
- RNA (4)
- Superantigen (4)
- Systematic review (4)
- T cells (4)
- T-Lymphozyt (4)
- Thermodynamik (4)
- Tourismus (4)
- Transaminases (4)
- Vaccine (4)
- Viren (4)
- Virulenz (4)
- adaptation (4)
- adolescents (4)
- adults (4)
- airway epithelial cells (4)
- allergy (4)
- alpha-toxin (4)
- antibacterial activity (4)
- asymmetric synthesis (4)
- attention (4)
- autophagy (4)
- bacteria (4)
- bentonite (4)
- biogeography (4)
- cardiorespiratory fitness (4)
- caries (4)
- case study (4)
- cerebral cavernous malformation (4)
- chronic kidney disease (4)
- cohort study (4)
- copolymer (4)
- cystic fibrosis (4)
- diagnosis (4)
- differentiation (4)
- diffusion tensor imaging (4)
- exercise (4)
- fatigue (4)
- fear (4)
- fractal (4)
- free light chain kappa (4)
- general population (4)
- group A streptococcus (4)
- health-related quality of life (4)
- heart failure (4)
- hepatocellular carcinoma (4)
- host-pathogen interactions (4)
- human (4)
- immune system (4)
- infection prevention (4)
- inflammasome (4)
- interaction (4)
- lifestyle (4)
- liver (4)
- magnetron sputtering (4)
- melioidosis (4)
- metabolome (4)
- metagenomics (4)
- methane (4)
- moral disengagement (4)
- motivation (4)
- natural products (4)
- neutrophils (4)
- outcome (4)
- outcome measures (4)
- oxylipins (4)
- pathogenesis (4)
- photosynthesis (4)
- physical activity (4)
- pig (4)
- plasma diagnostics (4)
- platelet factor 4 (4)
- pneumococci (4)
- podocyte (4)
- questionnaire (4)
- redox signaling (4)
- species differences (4)
- sphingosine-1-phosphate (4)
- stellarator (4)
- stress (4)
- substituent (4)
- surface modification (4)
- training (4)
- tree-rings (4)
- treeline (4)
- virology (4)
- women (4)
- 52.70.Ds (3)
- <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (3)
- <i>S. aureus</i> (3)
- <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> (3)
- Absorptionsspektroskopie (3)
- Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (3)
- Aluminium (3)
- Alzheimer's disease (3)
- Angstsensitivität (3)
- Antimicrobial (3)
- Araneae (3)
- Arxula adeninivorans (3)
- Aserbaidschan (3)
- Attachmentverlust (3)
- Bacillus licheniformis (3)
- Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (3)
- Biodiversity (3)
- Biodiversität (3)
- Bioinformatics (3)
- Bioinformatik (3)
- Biosphärenreservat (3)
- Biosphärenreservate (3)
- COVID-19 pandemic (3)
- CRPS (3)
- Caries epidemiology (3)
- Caries experience (3)
- Caries prevention (3)
- Central Asia (3)
- Cerebral cavernous malformations (3)
- Childhood trauma (3)
- Chiral amines (3)
- Climate Change (3)
- Clusterion (3)
- Cognition (3)
- Colonization (3)
- Cytokines (3)
- DNA barcoding (3)
- DNA repair (3)
- DNA-Wirkstoff-Interaktion (3)
- DNA-drug interaction (3)
- DNS (3)
- Demenz (3)
- E. coli (3)
- Ecology (3)
- Ereigniskorreliertes Potenzial (3)
- Erzähltheorie (3)
- Esterasen (3)
- European beech (3)
- FLT3-ITD (3)
- Fagus sylvatica (3)
- Festkörperphysik (3)
- Flavivirus (3)
- Flugzeitspektrometrie (3)
- GC-MS (3)
- Gasentladung (3)
- Gene expression (3)
- Genotyping (3)
- Geopolymer (3)
- Ghana (3)
- Habitat (3)
- Haemorrhagic cystitis (3)
- Heparin (3)
- Herzinfarkt (3)
- IPMN (3)
- Identität (3)
- In vitro (3)
- In vivo (3)
- Infektion (3)
- Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (3)
- JSNZ (3)
- Kernphysik (3)
- Kiefer (3)
- Klima (3)
- LC-MS/MS (3)
- Landsat (3)
- Laser (3)
- Laserinduzierte Fluoreszenz (3)
- Laserspektroskopie (3)
- Lebensmittel (3)
- Lemnaceae (3)
- Local adaptation (3)
- Lymphozyt (3)
- Magnetische Kernresonanz (3)
- Magnetohydrodynamik (3)
- Maschinelles Lernen (3)
- Mental health (3)
- Metabolismus (3)
- Metabolom (3)
- Mikrobiologie (3)
- Mikroskopie (3)
- Molybdopterin (3)
- Mongolia (3)
- Motivation (3)
- NMR spectroscopy (3)
- Neuroimmunologie (3)
- Nucleinsäuren (3)
- PASS (3)
- PCV13 (3)
- PRISMA (3)
- Parties (3)
- Pathogenität (3)
- Patient preferences (3)
- Penning trap (3)
- Phylogenie (3)
- Picea glauca (3)
- Plasma Physics (3)
- Plasma-Wand-Wechselwirkung (3)
- Plasmadynamik (3)
- Plasmarandschicht (3)
- Plastizität (3)
- Polihexanide (3)
- Polyelektrolyt (3)
- Polymere (3)
- Polysaccharide (3)
- Populationsgenetik (3)
- Prevention (3)
- Primary teeth (3)
- Proteasom (3)
- Prävalenz (3)
- Quantenoptik (3)
- Remote Sensing (3)
- Resilience (3)
- Risk factors (3)
- Rotbuche (3)
- S. aureus (3)
- S1P (3)
- SCB (3)
- Satisfaction (3)
- Schwangerschaft (3)
- SigB (3)
- Signaltransduktion (3)
- Sondierungstiefe (3)
- Stereotypes (3)
- Stress (3)
- Struktur (3)
- Survival (3)
- T cell (3)
- Thrombozyt (3)
- Thrombozytopenie (3)
- Thyroid (3)
- Tokamak (3)
- Tollwut (3)
- Tollwutvirus (3)
- Transaminase (3)
- Transaminasen (3)
- Trauma (3)
- Turbulenz (3)
- Verhaltensforschung (3)
- Virus (3)
- Vitamin D (3)
- Waldökologie (3)
- Waldökosystem (3)
- Wasserstoffperoxid (3)
- Wundheilung (3)
- Zellkultur (3)
- acupuncture (3)
- adhesion (3)
- adolescence (3)
- age (3)
- antibacterial (3)
- anticancer drugs (3)
- antimicrobial activity (3)
- antimicrobial resistance (AMR) (3)
- anxiety sensitivity (3)
- arm (3)
- artificial intelligence (3)
- assessment (3)
- atherosclerosis (3)
- autoimmune (3)
- basal ganglia (3)
- beech (3)
- bias (3)
- bioinformatics (3)
- biosphere reserves (3)
- biotransformation (3)
- blood coagulation (3)
- blood–brain barrier (3)
- body mass index (3)
- boronate linkage (3)
- bortezomib (3)
- brain tumor (3)
- breast cancer (3)
- caffeine (3)
- calorimetry (3)
- cancer therapy (3)
- cardiomyopathy (3)
- cardiopulmonary exercise testing (3)
- catalytic activity (3)
- cattle trade (3)
- celecoxib (3)
- cell cycle (3)
- cell mechanics (3)
- cell migration (3)
- cell signaling (3)
- chemokines (3)
- chemotherapy (3)
- chronic disease (3)
- chronic pancreatitis (3)
- coagulase-negative staphylococci (3)
- cognitive function (3)
- comorbidity (3)
- complication (3)
- computer vision (3)
- conservation (3)
- crystal structure (3)
- dendritic cells (3)
- dendrometer (3)
- deployment (3)
- diabetes (3)
- dialysis (3)
- disturbance (3)
- drainage (3)
- drought (3)
- drug release (3)
- duckweed (3)
- ecology (3)
- efficacy (3)
- eicosanoids (3)
- emotion recognition (3)
- emotion regulation (3)
- empathy (3)
- enzyme (3)
- epidemic model (3)
- epigenetics (3)
- eutrophication (3)
- exacerbation (3)
- expression (3)
- flupirtine (3)
- flux analysis (3)
- gap voltage (3)
- glutathione (3)
- healthcare (3)
- holobiont (3)
- host adaptation (3)
- host-microbe interactions (3)
- identity (3)
- immunity (3)
- immunoglobulin (3)
- immunohistochemistry (3)
- in vivo (3)
- insula (3)
- internalization (3)
- invasive (3)
- ischemic stroke (3)
- ketamine (3)
- laccase (3)
- laser spectroscopy (3)
- lipid mediator (3)
- lipidomics (3)
- low temperature plasma (3)
- lung function (3)
- mass separation (3)
- membrane proteins (3)
- memory effect (3)
- mental illness (3)
- microarray (3)
- microbial diversity (3)
- microglia (3)
- migraine (3)
- modularity (3)
- molecular (3)
- monitoring (3)
- morphology (3)
- mouse (3)
- mouse model (3)
- mouse models (3)
- n/a (3)
- negative ions (3)
- nervous system (3)
- neuroendocrine (3)
- non-thermal plasma (3)
- nursing shortage (3)
- observational study (3)
- osmotic stress adaptation (3)
- oxygen (3)
- pancreas (3)
- patient-reported outcome (3)
- peatland restoration (3)
- peatlands (3)
- permutation entropy (3)
- phytoplankton (3)
- plasticity (3)
- pneumolysin (3)
- pneumonia (3)
- polyanion (3)
- polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) (3)
- preterm birth (3)
- preterm infant (3)
- prevalence (3)
- pro-environmental behavior (3)
- prognostic factors (3)
- proline (3)
- protected areas (3)
- protein (3)
- protein analytic (3)
- qualitative research (3)
- quality control (3)
- questionnaire development (3)
- range expansion (3)
- regioselectivity (3)
- regulation (3)
- reliability (3)
- retigabine (3)
- return (3)
- risk communication (3)
- risk factors (3)
- safety (3)
- salinity (3)
- saliva (3)
- salivary tracer technique (3)
- screening (3)
- self-assembly (3)
- sex (3)
- single nucleotide polymorphism (3)
- smectite (3)
- social (3)
- stochastic block model (3)
- stress response (3)
- structure activity (3)
- subacute stroke (3)
- superantigens (3)
- survey (3)
- susceptibility testing (3)
- symbiosis (3)
- taste (3)
- therapy (3)
- thrombosis (3)
- time series (3)
- tokamak (3)
- tolerance (3)
- transaminases (3)
- transesterification (3)
- transmission (3)
- transporters (3)
- trauma (3)
- tree-ring width (3)
- ubiquitin-proteasome system (3)
- unfolded protein response (3)
- virulence factors (3)
- virus (3)
- xylogenesis (3)
- Überwinterung (3)
- 16S rRNA gene sequencing (2)
- 3D (2)
- 3D printing (2)
- <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i> (2)
- <i>E. coli</i> (2)
- A549 (2)
- ABC-Transporter (2)
- ACT-209905 (2)
- AHI (2)
- ALK5 (2)
- AML (2)
- AMR (2)
- ATP synthesis (2)
- Absorption (2)
- Acute pancreatitis (2)
- Acyltransferase (2)
- Adaption (2)
- Aeromonas salmonicida (2)
- African swine fever virus (2)
- Afrikanische Schweinepest (2)
- Agriculture (2)
- Alcohol dehydrogenase (2)
- Alcohol dependence (2)
- Alfvén-Welle (2)
- Algebra (2)
- Algorithmus (2)
- Alkoholkonsum (2)
- Alter (2)
- Altern (2)
- Analytische Chemie (2)
- Anatomie (2)
- Angiogenesis (2)
- Angststörung (2)
- Animal models (2)
- Anion (2)
- Antibiotics (2)
- Antibiotikaresistenz (2)
- Antibody response (2)
- Antimicrobial resistance (2)
- Antiseptics (2)
- Arachnida (2)
- Arenaviren (2)
- Arenavirus (2)
- Asymmetric synthesis (2)
- At-risk drinking (2)
- Atmospheric pressure plasma (2)
- Ausbreitung (2)
- Austria (2)
- Aviäre Influenza (2)
- Azerbaijan (2)
- BAYES (2)
- BDNF (2)
- BK virus (2)
- Bach Ma Nationalpark (2)
- Bacteria (2)
- Baeyer-Villiger Monooxygenase (2)
- Baeyer-Villiger-Oxidation (2)
- Barrierenentladung (2)
- Barth syndrome (2)
- Barth syndrome (BTHS) (2)
- Bauchfellentzündung (2)
- Baumgrenze (2)
- Beweidung (2)
- Bicyclus anynana (2)
- Biomarker (2)
- Biomolecules (2)
- Biopharmazie (2)
- Biosensor (2)
- Bioökonomie (2)
- Black Sea (2)
- Blood supply (2)
- Borneo (2)
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (2)
- Breast cancer (2)
- Bundle Gerbes (2)
- Burkholderia pseudomallei (2)
- Bürgerkrieg (2)
- C-reactive protein (2)
- CASP model (2)
- CAZymes (2)
- CD4 (2)
- CD83 (2)
- CKD (2)
- CNS (2)
- CRISPR-Cas9 (2)
- CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing (2)
- CSF (2)
- CT (2)
- Calcium (2)
- Cardiolipin (2)
- Cardiovascular disease (2)
- Career (2)
- Caries index (2)
- Cedar virus (2)
- Cell culture (2)
- Childhood abuse (2)
- Chorea (2)
- Clinical guideline (2)
- Clostridioides difficile (2)
- Cluster analysis (2)
- Clusterphysik (2)
- Coagulation (2)
- Cold atmospheric plasma (2)
- Communication abilities (2)
- Comorbidity (2)
- Computerphysik (2)
- Congenital hyperinsulinism (2)
- Consensus (2)
- Consumer culture (2)
- Cortex (2)
- Cortical thickness (2)
- Cortisol (2)
- Covid-19 (2)
- Cystic Fibrosis (2)
- Cystitis (2)
- CytoSorb (2)
- Cytokine (2)
- DNA (2)
- DNA Triplex (2)
- DNA triplex (2)
- DNAzyme (2)
- DTI (2)
- Demographic change (2)
- Dental caries (2)
- Dental caries management (2)
- Dental caries terms (2)
- Developmental screening (2)
- Diagnostik (2)
- Dispersal (2)
- Donor research (2)
- Driftwelle (2)
- Durchflusscytometrie (2)
- Dynamik (2)
- ELISA (2)
- ERV model (2)
- ESBL- (2)
- Eemian (2)
- Eiche (2)
- Electrochemically active bacteria (2)
- Elektrochemie (2)
- Elektrospray-Ionisation (2)
- Emissionsspektroskopie (2)
- Empirische Sozialforschung (2)
- Enantioselektivität (2)
- Encephalitis (2)
- Entropie (2)
- Entzündung (2)
- Enzyme discovery (2)
- Enzymkatalyse (2)
- Erzählforschung (2)
- Ethik (2)
- Ewing’s sarcoma (2)
- FAIR data principles (2)
- FGF21 (2)
- FOLFIRINOX (2)
- FT-IR-Spektroskopie (2)
- FTIR spectroscopy (2)
- Feedback (2)
- Feldmaus (2)
- Feldversuch (2)
- Feminization (2)
- Festkörper (2)
- Fettleber (2)
- Filling (2)
- Fledermaus (2)
- Floquet (2)
- Flugzeitmassenspektrometrie (2)
- Forest dieback (2)
- Fourier analysis (2)
- Fournier’s gangrene (2)
- Fragmentation (2)
- Fraktal (2)
- Fullerene (2)
- Functional connectivity (2)
- Funktionalanalysis (2)
- Fusionsreaktor (2)
- Gen (2)
- Gender (2)
- Genetic (2)
- Genetic diversity (2)
- Genetics (2)
- Genexpression (2)
- Genomik (2)
- Genotypisierung (2)
- Geophysik (2)
- Geostatistics (2)
- Gerichtete Evolution (2)
- German (2)
- Glucocorticoid receptor (2)
- Glutathion (2)
- Grand Societal Challenges (2)
- Graphen (2)
- Grippe (2)
- Guideline (2)
- HCMV (2)
- HEV (2)
- HIT (2)
- HIV (2)
- HL-60 (2)
- HPMC (2)
- Hanta-Virus (2)
- Hantavirus (2)
- Health insurance (2)
- Health-related quality of life (2)
- Hefeartige Pilze (2)
- Heißes Plasma (2)
- Hemifacial spasm (2)
- Hepatitis-E-Virus (2)
- Herpesviren (2)
- Hierarchie (2)
- High throughput screening (2)
- Hirudin (2)
- Histologie (2)
- Hitzestress (2)
- Holocene (2)
- Hsp27 (2)
- Hydroakustik (2)
- Hydroxyl (2)
- Hyperbaric oxygenation (2)
- Hyperuricemia (2)
- ICUAW (2)
- IL-10 (2)
- IL-33 (2)
- Ideologie (2)
- Immobilisierung (2)
- Immunantwort (2)
- Immune response (2)
- Immune system (2)
- Immunmodulation (2)
- Immunoglobulin M (2)
- Immunology (2)
- Immunoproteasome (2)
- Immunsuppression (2)
- Immuntherapie (2)
- Impurities (2)
- Individualization (2)
- Indolochinolin (2)
- Influenza A virus (2)
- Infrarotspektroskopie (2)
- Innate lymphoid cells (2)
- Instabilität (2)
- Insulin (2)
- Internalisierung (2)
- Interozeption (2)
- Interreg (2)
- Iodine (2)
- IsdB (2)
- Junin virus (2)
- Jura (2)
- KCNQ (2)
- KHV (2)
- Kanada (2)
- Kategorientheorie (2)
- Kaukasus (2)
- Kernspintomografie (2)
- Kernstruktur (2)
- Ketoreductase (2)
- Kinder (2)
- Kognition (2)
- Kohlenstoff (2)
- Konfokale Mikroskopie (2)
- Kosten (2)
- Krankenversicherung (2)
- Kristallstruktur (2)
- Kuhpocken (2)
- L. (2)
- LL-37 (2)
- Lake Balkhash (2)
- Landwirtschaft (2)
- Learning (2)
- Lernen (2)
- Leuchtstofflampe (2)
- Leukozyten (2)
- Lipase (2)
- Lipoprotein (2)
- Lipoproteine (2)
- Logarithmic capacity (2)
- Longitudinal (2)
- Low Temperature Plasma (2)
- MR-ToF MS (2)
- MR-ToF device (2)
- Machine Learning (2)
- Machine learning (2)
- Macrophage (2)
- Magen (2)
- Magnetfeld (2)
- Magnetic Confinement (2)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2)
- Magnetic resonance imaging, 7 T (2)
- Magnetische Rekonnexion (2)
- Magnetron (2)
- Malabsorption (2)
- Maldigestion (2)
- Management (2)
- Mas receptor (2)
- Mathematical Physics (2)
- Maus (2)
- Mediterranean (2)
- Meeresboden (2)
- Melanom (2)
- Melanoma (2)
- Mensch (2)
- Metagenomics (2)
- Metagenomik (2)
- Methan (2)
- Methylene blue (2)
- Microarray (2)
- Migration (2)
- Mikroklima (2)
- Mikromorphologie (2)
- Mineralisation (2)
- Mittelalter (2)
- Molekulardynamik (2)
- Molybdenum (2)
- Monoklonaler Antikörper (2)
- Monooxygenasen (2)
- Monte-Carlo-Simulation (2)
- Morbidität (2)
- Morphologic changes (2)
- Mucositis (2)
- Mukoviszidose (2)
- Multi-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometry (2)
- Multiple sclerosis (2)
- Mutualismus (2)
- Myotis daubentonii (2)
- Myotis nattereri (2)
- NAFLD (2)
- NOD/SCID mouse model (2)
- NOD1/2 (2)
- Nab-paclitaxel (2)
- Nachhaltige Entwicklung (2)
- Nachhaltigkeit (2)
- Narratology (2)
- Naturstoff (2)
- Necrotizing fasciitis (2)
- Necrotomy (2)
- Netzwerk (2)
- Neuroanatomy (2)
- Nickel (2)
- Nipah virus (2)
- Nipple discharge (2)
- Nitric oxide (2)
- North Rhine–Westphalia (2)
- Nuckelflaschenkaries (2)
- Nuclear Physics (2)
- Oberflächenmodifizierung (2)
- Octenidine dihydrochloride (2)
- Older adults (2)
- Optomechanik (2)
- Osmoregulation (2)
- Oxidative stress (2)
- Oxidoreduktase (2)
- PAR2 (2)
- PD-L1 (2)
- PF4 (2)
- PSMB8 (2)
- PSMC5 (2)
- PTSD (2)
- Palliative chemotherapy (2)
- Paludikultur (2)
- Paläoklima (2)
- Paläoökologie (2)
- Pancreas (2)
- Pancreatic resection (2)
- Pandemie (2)
- Pankreatitis (2)
- Pantopoda (2)
- Partei (2)
- Pathogen inactivation (2)
- Pathological gambling (2)
- Patient management (2)
- Patient-reported outcomes (2)
- Pediatric (2)
- Perception (2)
- Percidae (2)
- Pharmakokinetik (2)
- Pharmazeutische Technologie (2)
- Phosphine (2)
- Photosynthese (2)
- Phragmites (2)
- Phylogenetik (2)
- Phylogeny (2)
- Plasma medicine (2)
- Plasma physics (2)
- Plasmaspektroskopie (2)
- Pleistozän (2)
- Pneumolysin (2)
- Politik (2)
- Pollen (2)
- Pollution (2)
- Poloxamer (2)
- Polytrauma (2)
- Postoperative immune suppression (2)
- Posttraumatic stress disorder (2)
- Potamopyrgus antipodarum (2)
- Potentiometry (2)
- Prediction (2)
- Prefrontal cortex (2)
- Premanifest period (2)
- Primary care (2)
- Prostatakarzinom (2)
- Prostate cancer (2)
- Proteinfaltung (2)
- Proteolyse (2)
- Protocol (2)
- Pseudomonas putida (2)
- PspC (2)
- Psychiatrie (2)
- Public Health (2)
- Public health (2)
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension (2)
- Pyelonephritis (2)
- RCT (2)
- RNA recombination (2)
- RNA sequencing (2)
- RNA-Seq (2)
- Rabies (2)
- Randomized controlled trial (2)
- Ratte (2)
- Reactive oxygen species (2)
- Reactive transport (2)
- Regenbogenforelle (2)
- Regulation (2)
- Rekonstruktion (2)
- Reliability (2)
- Reproduzierbarkeit (2)
- Restoration (2)
- Ribozyme (2)
- Risk factor (2)
- Röntgendiffraktometrie (2)
- SAM analogue (2)
- SEM–EDS (2)
- SPINK1 (2)
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2)
- Schilddrüse (2)
- Schilf (2)
- Schleimpilze (2)
- Schmetterling (2)
- Scots pine (2)
- Screening (2)
- Sekundärelektronen (2)
- Selbstähnlichkeit (2)
- Self-efficacy (2)
- Self-stigma (2)
- Sepsis score (2)
- Sequenzanalyse (2)
- Sexuelle Selektion (2)
- Shotgun proteomics (2)
- Sicherheit (2)
- Significant Caries Index (2)
- Skin barrier (2)
- Slime molds (2)
- Slime moulds (2)
- Small animal MRI (2)
- Snail (2)
- Social Health Insurance (2)
- Socioeconomic status (2)
- Soft tissue infection (2)
- Sozialstatus (2)
- Spanish (2)
- Spectroscopy (2)
- Sphingosine-1-phosphate (2)
- Spinnen (2)
- SplB (2)
- Staphylococcus (2)
- Stereoskopie (2)
- Stickstoff (2)
- Stroke (2)
- Substance use disorders (2)
- Surgery (2)
- Surgical discipline (2)
- Surgically induced immune dysfunction (2)
- T cell receptor signaling (2)
- TAP block (2)
- TGF-β (2)
- THA (2)
- THP-1 (2)
- TRP channels (2)
- Tacaribe virus (2)
- Telemedizin (2)
- Th2 (2)
- Theoretische Physik (2)
- Therapy (2)
- Thioredoxine (2)
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (2)
- Ti6Al4V (2)
- Tiermodell (2)
- Titandioxid (2)
- Tooth loss (2)
- Torf (2)
- Transcriptomics (2)
- Transkriptomanalyse (2)
- Transmission (2)
- Trypsin (2)
- Tumor (2)
- Ubiquitin (2)
- Ultrastruktur (2)
- Umwelt (2)
- Urinary tract infection (2)
- Urology (2)
- Validity (2)
- Vegetation (2)
- Vegetation Ecology (2)
- Vegetationsökologie (2)
- Verbreitung (2)
- Verhaltensmodifikation (2)
- Virulence (2)
- Virus-host interaction (2)
- Visualization (2)
- Vogelzug (2)
- Vulnerability (2)
- Vögel (2)
- W7-AS (2)
- W7-X (2)
- Warburg effect (2)
- Weichselian (2)
- Weißfichte (2)
- Work-life balance (2)
- Wound healing (2)
- X-ray analysis (2)
- YOLOv4 (2)
- Yeast (2)
- Zahnmedizin (2)
- Zahnverlust (2)
- Zahnzahl (2)
- Zebrabärbling (2)
- Zoonoses (2)
- abdominal sepsis (2)
- actin cytoskeleton (2)
- acute myeloid leukemia (2)
- acyl transfer (2)
- acyltransferase (2)
- acyltransferases (2)
- additive manufacturing (2)
- aerogel (2)
- agreement (2)
- agriculture (2)
- aldehydes (2)
- algae (2)
- all-cause mortality (2)
- allicin (2)
- alternative splicing (2)
- amine transaminase (2)
- animal activity (2)
- animal monitoring (2)
- antares (2)
- anti-biofilm (2)
- antibiotic (2)
- anticancer drug (2)
- anticoagulants (2)
- anticonvulsants (2)
- antifungal (2)
- antigen presentation (2)
- antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (2)
- antiseptic stewardship (2)
- anxiety (2)
- anxiety disorders (2)
- aptamer (2)
- aquatic plants (2)
- arousal (2)
- ascariasis (2)
- association study (2)
- atmospheric pressure plasma (2)
- atomic clusters (2)
- atrial fibrillation (2)
- autocorrelation (2)
- autoimmunity (2)
- bank vole (2)
- bat conservation (2)
- behavior (2)
- behaviour (2)
- biocide (2)
- biogas (2)
- biological activities (2)
- biomass (2)
- biorelevant in vitro model (2)
- biosensor (2)
- biotic interactions (2)
- bleeding (2)
- blood outgrowth endothelial cells (2)
- blood platelets (2)
- bog (2)
- bolaform amphiphilic lipids (2)
- bolalipids (2)
- borderline personality disorder (2)
- borrowing (2)
- bottleneck (2)
- brief intervention (2)
- broiler (2)
- bud dormancy (2)
- calcium retention capacity (2)
- calques (2)
- calves (2)
- camera trap (2)
- carbohydrates (2)
- cardiac arrest (2)
- cardiac output (2)
- cardiolipin (2)
- cardiovascular disease (2)
- case report (2)
- castration-resistant prostate cancer (2)
- catalytic promiscuity (2)
- causal beliefs (2)
- causal inference (2)
- caveolae (2)
- cell biology (2)
- cell proliferation (2)
- cellular homeostasis (2)
- cellular proliferation (2)
- central blood pressure (2)
- central nervous system (2)
- cerebellum (2)
- cerebral cavernous malformations (2)
- chaperones (2)
- chemical ecology (2)
- chemical senses (2)
- chemosynthesis (2)
- child health (2)
- childhood maltreatment (2)
- chill (2)
- chiral amines (2)
- chondrocytes (2)
- chorioallantoic membrane model (2)
- chronic pain (2)
- chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (2)
- cisplatin (2)
- classification (2)
- climate extremes (2)
- climate sensitivity (2)
- climate warming (2)
- climate-growth relationships (2)
- climate–growth relationships (2)
- clinical attachment loss (2)
- clinical psychology (2)
- clinical study (2)
- clinical trials (2)
- cluster (2)
- co-infection (2)
- coagulation (2)
- cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy (2)
- cognitive behavioral therapy (2)
- cognitive control (2)
- cognitive training (2)
- colon cancer (2)
- colonic microbiota (2)
- colorectal cancer (2)
- combination therapy (2)
- comorbidities (2)
- complex plasma (2)
- conditional association analysis (2)
- confocal laser scanning microscopy (2)
- contact linguistics (2)
- cortisol (2)
- crisis (2)
- cross-cultural study (2)
- cross-reactivity (2)
- cross-resistance (2)
- cross-sectional (2)
- cross-tolerance (2)
- cyanobacteria (2)
- cytosolic renin (2)
- data stewardship (2)
- decision-making (2)
- decontamination (2)
- dehalogenase (2)
- delirium (2)
- deubiquitination (2)
- development (2)
- diabetes mellitus (2)
- diclofenac (2)
- diet (2)
- dietary behavior (2)
- diffusion weighted imaging (2)
- dipole magnetic field (2)
- disaster nursing (2)
- disease risk (2)
- diseases (2)
- diversity (2)
- doxorubicin (2)
- drug delivery system (2)
- drug transport (2)
- drug transporter (2)
- duckweeds (2)
- dusty plasmas (2)
- dynamic colon model (2)
- dyspnea (2)
- eQTL (2)
- early experience (2)
- early-stage functionalisation (2)
- ecosystem services (2)
- eddy covariance (2)
- education (2)
- efavirenz (2)
- electrode (2)
- electron–hole plasma (2)
- embodiment (2)
- emotions (2)
- endocarditis (2)
- endoscope-assisted (2)
- endothelial cells (2)
- endothelium (2)
- entropy (2)
- environment (2)
- enzyme catalysis (2)
- enzyme kits (2)
- enzymes (2)
- epidemiologic studies (2)
- erosion (2)
- erythrocytes (2)
- essential oil (2)
- estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (2)
- ethics (2)
- evaluation (2)
- everolimus (2)
- evidence (2)
- executive functions (2)
- experimental pancreatitis (2)
- exposure therapy (2)
- expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) (2)
- extracellular matrix (2)
- extracellular vesicles (2)
- fMRT (2)
- face perception (2)
- family (2)
- feedback (2)
- fen (2)
- fenofibrate (2)
- fenoterol (2)
- fibrosis (2)
- fitness traits (2)
- flagella (2)
- flavonoid (2)
- flavonoids (2)
- fluid intelligence (2)
- fluorescence (2)
- food quality (2)
- functional magnetic resonance imaging (2)
- funding (2)
- gender differences (2)
- general practitioner (2)
- genetic (2)
- genetic diversity (2)
- genetic variants (2)
- genome (2)
- genome size (2)
- genome-wide association studies (GWAS) (2)
- genome-wide association study (2)
- genomics (2)
- geometric morphometrics (2)
- gingival recession (2)
- glioblastoma multiforme (2)
- greenhouse gas (2)
- growing media (2)
- growing season (2)
- growth (2)
- guided streamer (2)
- guidelines (2)
- hCG (2)
- haemorrhage (2)
- hand hygiene (2)
- health behavior (2)
- health information exchange (2)
- health research (2)
- heart rate (2)
- heart rate variability (2)
- heartbeat detection (2)
- heat stress (2)
- helminth (2)
- hemifacial spasm (2)
- hemoadsorption (2)
- hemodialysis (2)
- heparin (2)
- heritability (2)
- herpesvirus (2)
- high-carbon behavior (2)
- high-fat diet (2)
- hip dysplasia (2)
- hirudin (2)
- homodimerization (2)
- hospitalization (2)
- host-pathogen interaction (2)
- hot melt extrusion (2)
- human cell lines (2)
- hydrogel (2)
- hydrophobicity (2)
- imagery (2)
- immune evasion (2)
- immune responses (2)
- immunogenicity (2)
- immunology (2)
- immunomodulatory proteases (2)
- immunoproteasome (2)
- immunoproteomics (2)
- in vitro cytotoxic activity (2)
- in vitro metabolization (2)
- inactive nurses (2)
- incidence (2)
- indoloquinoline (2)
- inductively coupled plasma (2)
- infectious disease (2)
- influenza A virus (2)
- information (2)
- innate lymphoid cells (2)
- integrative taxonomy (2)
- interoception (2)
- interoceptive threat (2)
- intervention (2)
- intestinal nematode (2)
- intestine (2)
- invasive species (2)
- ion mass spectrometry (2)
- ionosphere (2)
- ischemia reperfusion injury (2)
- kinetics (2)
- knowledge (2)
- kynurenine pathway (2)
- label-free quantification (2)
- laminopathies (2)
- landcover reconstruction (2)
- laser ablation (2)
- laser photodetachment (2)
- laser-induced fluorescence (2)
- late-stage functionalisation (2)
- layer charge (2)
- lead diversification (2)
- lectin (2)
- left ventricular hypertrophy (2)
- legislative-executive relations (2)
- lexis (2)
- ligand-transporter interaction (2)
- light variability (2)
- lipid mediators (2)
- lipids (2)
- liver disease (2)
- livestock (2)
- longitudinal cohort study (2)
- low back pain (2)
- lymphocyte trafficking (2)
- mHealth (2)
- mTHPC (2)
- macrophages (2)
- magnetic fields (2)
- magnetic marker monitoring (2)
- malnutrition (2)
- mapping (2)
- marine bacteria (2)
- mathematical modeling (2)
- measurement error (2)
- mechanisms of change (2)
- mediation (2)
- medical education & training (2)
- medicinal leeches (2)
- mendelian randomization (2)
- menstrual cycle (2)
- mesenchymal stromal cells (2)
- meta-analysis (2)
- metabolic syndrome (2)
- metabolites (2)
- metal substitution (2)
- metaproteome (2)
- metastasis (2)
- methicillin-resistant (2)
- methylation (2)
- miRNS (2)
- micro-site (2)
- microRNA (2)
- microbial community (2)
- microsite (2)
- microwave interferometry (2)
- minirhizotrons (2)
- mode transition (2)
- modeling (2)
- molecular docking (2)
- molecular epidemiology (2)
- money allocation (2)
- monoclonal antibodies (2)
- moral motivation (2)
- morbidity (2)
- mortality costs (2)
- motility (2)
- multi-omics (2)
- multidrug resistance (MDR) (2)
- multilevel analysis (2)
- music (2)
- musicians (2)
- myeloid-derived suppressor cells (2)
- myocardial infarction (2)
- nanoemulsion (2)
- necrotizing soft tissue infections (2)
- network (2)
- neural stem cell (2)
- neurodegeneration (2)
- neurodevelopmental disorders (2)
- neuroinflammation (2)
- neurology (2)
- neuronal plasticity (2)
- neurons (2)
- next-generation sequencing (2)
- nitric oxide (2)
- nitrogen (2)
- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (2)
- non-homologous end joining (2)
- non-motor manifestation (2)
- non-small cell lung cancer (2)
- numerical simulation (2)
- nursing (2)
- nutrient supply (2)
- nutrients (2)
- nutrition (2)
- obstructive sleep apnea (2)
- older adults (2)
- oligodendrocyte precursor cells (2)
- oligonucleotides (2)
- ontogeny (2)
- oral contraceptives (2)
- order pattern (2)
- organic cation transporter (2)
- organic farming (2)
- organic supplements (2)
- osmotic stress (2)
- osmotolerance (2)
- osteoporosis (2)
- osteosarcoma (2)
- overweight (2)
- oxidation (2)
- oxidativer Stress (2)
- oxygen consumption (2)
- paclitaxel (2)
- pain management (2)
- palliative care (2)
- palynology (2)
- paratuberculosis (2)
- participatory research (2)
- partisan theory (2)
- pathogenicity (2)
- pathology (2)
- patient preferences (2)
- patient-centered care (2)
- peat extraction (2)
- peat moss (2)
- peptide sharing (2)
- perceived stress (2)
- percolation fen (2)
- performance (2)
- periodontal disease (2)
- periodontal therapy (2)
- periodontal treatment (2)
- peritoneal B cells (2)
- perivascular adipose tissue (2)
- persistent depressive disorder (2)
- pharmacokinetics (2)
- phenology (2)
- phosphoproteomics (2)
- photodynamic therapy (2)
- phylogeny (2)
- plasma chemistry (2)
- plastic degradation (2)
- platelet activation (2)
- pneumococcal carriage (2)
- pollen dispersal (2)
- pollen productivity estimates (2)
- polyelectrolyte multilayer (2)
- polysaccharide (2)
- polyspecificity (2)
- polytrauma (2)
- population genomics (2)
- population-based (2)
- population-based imaging (2)
- population-based studies (2)
- populism (2)
- pore-forming toxins (2)
- positron beam (2)
- pre-ionization (2)
- pre-mRNA (2)
- precision medicine (2)
- predation (2)
- predictors (2)
- primary care (2)
- primary school children (2)
- probing depth (2)
- prospective (2)
- proteasomopathy (2)
- protection (2)
- protein abundance (2)
- protein aggregation (2)
- protein expression (2)
- protein interaction (2)
- protein quantification (2)
- proteomic analysis (2)
- proteostasis (2)
- pseudorabies virus (2)
- psychophysiology (2)
- psychotherapy (2)
- public awareness (2)
- pulmonary arterial hypertension (2)
- pulmonary hypertension (2)
- pulse wave analysis (2)
- quadruplex (2)
- radical prostatectomy (2)
- randomised trials (2)
- randomization (2)
- randomized controlled trial (2)
- rare diseases (2)
- rat (2)
- rating scale (2)
- rational design (2)
- reactive nitrogen species (2)
- reactive species (2)
- real-time PCR (2)
- reappraisal (2)
- recombinant protein (2)
- reconstruction (2)
- record linkage (2)
- recovery (2)
- redox chemistry (2)
- redox regulation (2)
- regeneration (2)
- regional differences (2)
- regulatory network (2)
- regulatory networks (2)
- remote sensing (2)
- reserve (2)
- resource competition (2)
- respiration (2)
- respiratory infection (2)
- resting state fMRI (2)
- resting-state functional connectivity (2)
- retinopathy of prematurity (2)
- riociguat (2)
- robot (2)
- sanitary facilities (2)
- sarcoma (2)
- scaling (2)
- school engagement (2)
- scoping review (2)
- secondary school (2)
- secretome (2)
- sedation (2)
- seizures (2)
- self-similarity (2)
- sensorimotor cortex (2)
- serine protease (2)
- serotypes (2)
- sex differences (2)
- sexual selection (2)
- shiver (2)
- sigB (2)
- signal processing (2)
- signal transduction (2)
- signaling (2)
- simulation (2)
- site selection (2)
- skin cancer (2)
- skin infections (2)
- smoking (2)
- social interactions (2)
- social-ecological system (2)
- sodium bituminosulfonate (2)
- soil (2)
- solar EUV (2)
- spatial cognition (2)
- spatial representation (2)
- species diversity (2)
- sperm transfer (2)
- sphingolipids (2)
- sphingomyelin (2)
- spiders (2)
- split structure (2)
- stable isotope (2)
- statistical methods (2)
- stem cells (2)
- stereoscopy (2)
- stiffness (2)
- stigma (2)
- streptococci (2)
- stroke rehabilitation (2)
- structure (2)
- structure-activity (2)
- study protocol (2)
- subterranean estuary (2)
- sulfasalazine (2)
- sulfur (2)
- supercritical fluid chromatography (2)
- superposed epoch analysis (2)
- suppression (2)
- surgery (2)
- survival analysis (2)
- sustainability (2)
- sustainable development (2)
- sustainable land use (2)
- symptoms (2)
- systematic review (2)
- tafazzin (2)
- targeted therapy (2)
- taxonomy (2)
- teachers (2)
- telomere length (2)
- thrombocytopenia (2)
- titin (2)
- toll-like receptor 4 (2)
- topologische Isolatoren (2)
- toxicity (2)
- transcranial electrical stimulation (2)
- transcranial magnetic stimulation (2)
- transcription factor EB (2)
- transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (2)
- transplantation (2)
- transporter (2)
- treatment (2)
- tree ring (2)
- treeline ecotone (2)
- tropical forests (2)
- tuberculosis (2)
- tumours (2)
- turbulence (2)
- two-component system 09 (2)
- urban dwellers (2)
- utilization (2)
- vagal tone (2)
- vagus nerve (2)
- vegetation history (2)
- virulence genes (2)
- vision (2)
- volatile organic compound (2)
- voxel-based morphometry (2)
- warning message (2)
- waterlogging (2)
- well-being (2)
- wetlands (2)
- white spruce (2)
- whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (2)
- wildlife (2)
- winter ecology (2)
- wood density (2)
- xylem anatomy (2)
- zeta potential (2)
- zooplankton (2)
- β-lactam antibiotics (2)
- (generalized) linear mixed model (1)
- (high-throughput) aldehyde detection (1)
- (moral) emotions (1)
- (verallgemeinertes) lineares gemischtes Modell (1)
- -amino acid oxidase (LAAO) (1)
- -anethole (1)
- 0000-0002-3902-0266 (1)
- 1,1-Dehydration (1)
- 1,2,3-benzotriazoles (1)
- 1,2,4-triazoles (1)
- 1,3,5-triazines (1)
- 1,4-naphthoquinones (1)
- 1-MT (1)
- 1-deoxy sphingolipids (1)
- 10-year follow-up (1)
- 11β-HSD1 (1)
- 129 genetic background (1)
- 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing (1)
- 16S rRNA (1)
- 16S rRNA Gensequence (1)
- 16S rRNA gene-sequencing (1)
- 16S sequencing (1)
- 17-AAG (1)
- 18S rRNA (1)
- 2 (1)
- 2,4-diamino-1,3,5-triazines (1)
- 2-Phenoxyethanol (1)
- 2-imino-2 (1)
- 2-imino-2<i>H</i>-chromen-3-yl-1,3,5-triazines (1)
- 2-imino-coumarins (1)
- 2-iminocoumarins (1)
- 2-thiolation (1)
- 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D 2 (1)
- 2<i>H</i>-chromen-3-yl-1,3,5-triazines (1)
- 2D PAGE (1)
- 3,5-Diiodothyronine (1)
- 3,5-diiodothyronine (1)
- 3-Bis(Silyl Enol Ethers) (1)
- 31P-NMR (1)
- 33C10 (1)
- 3D model (1)
- 3D reconstruction (1)
- 3D visualization (1)
- 3D-QSAR (1)
- 3D-Rekonstruktion (1)
- 3D-Zellkultur (1)
- 3D-printing (1)
- 3DM (1)
- 4 (1)
- 4010153-8 (1)
- 4011404-1 (1)
- 4070512-2 (1)
- 4165547-3 (1)
- 4169246-9 (1)
- 4193016-2 (1)
- 4248339-6 (1)
- 4323543-8 (1)
- 4441960-0 (1)
- 4796824-2 (1)
- 4D flow MRI (1)
- 5-fluorouracil (1)
- 52.27.Lw (1)
- 52.50.Dg (1)
- 52.65.-y (1)
- 52.75.Hn (1)
- 52.80.Hc (1)
- 5637 (1)
- 5‐lipoxygenase (1)
- 6-min-walk-test (1)
- 60B15 (1)
- 60H05 (primary) (1)
- 6606PDA (1)
- 7 beta Hydroxylierung (1)
- 7755384-6 (1)
- 7β-Hydroxylierung (1)
- 89.75.Fb (1)
- 90-day mortality (1)
- <i>A. thaliana</i> (1)
- <i>Argiope bruennichi</i> (1)
- <i>Arundo donax</i> (1)
- <i>Babesia</i> (1)
- <i>Candida lusitaniae</i> (1)
- <i>Clostridiodes difficile</i> (1)
- <i>Enterobacter</i> (1)
- <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> (1)
- <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1)
- <i>Hermite</i>-polynomials (1)
- <i>Ixodes ricinus</i> (1)
- <i>Janus kinase 2</i> (<i>JAK2</i>) (1)
- <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (1)
- <i>Kolmogorov</i>-backward-equation (1)
- <i>Lannea barteri</i> (1)
- <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> ssp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (MAP) (1)
- <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (1)
- <i>N</i>-acylhydrazones (1)
- <i>N</i>-sulfonylhydrazones (1)
- <i>Phragmites australis</i> (1)
- <i>Pieris napi<i> (1)
- <i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> L. (1)
- <i>S. pneumoniae</i> (1)
- <i>SLC16A1</i> (1)
- <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L. (1)
- <i>Staphylococcus lugdunensis</i> (1)
- <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (1)
- <i>Streptococcus oralis</i> (1)
- <i>Typha latifolia</i> (1)
- <i>agr</i> type (1)
- <i>lpxM</i> (<i>msbB</i>) (1)
- <i>spa</i> type (1)
- <span style="font-variant:small-caps; text-transform:lowercase">L</span>-Carnitine (1)
- A20 (1)
- ABC-transporters (1)
- ABCC8 (1)
- ABI (1)
- ABM test (1)
- ACC (1)
- ACE inhibitors (1)
- ACE2 (1)
- ADA (1)
- ADAP/SKAP1/2 (1)
- ADCC (1)
- ADEM (1)
- ADGRE1 (1)
- ADHD (1)
- ADL (1)
- ADMET analysis (1)
- ADPKD (1)
- AED (1)
- AFH (1)
- AFLP (1)
- AFLP, microsatellite SSR, ITS, DNA isolation (1)
- AHP (1)
- AICC (1)
- AKT/mTOR signaling (1)
- ANC (1)
- API Drug synthesis (1)
- APOE ε4 (1)
- APP (1)
- ARB (1)
- ARDS (1)
- ARPES (1)
- ASDEX (1)
- ASDEX Upgrade (1)
- ASEAN (1)
- ASFV (1)
- ASPS (1)
- ATA (1)
- ATP levels (1)
- ATP-binding cassette transporters (1)
- AUDIT (1)
- AUDIT-C (1)
- AUDIT‐C (1)
- AUGUSTUS (1)
- AVQI (1)
- Ab-initio-Rechnung (1)
- Abbau (1)
- Abdominal fat (1)
- Abflussmenge (1)
- Ability to work (1)
- Abiraterone (1)
- Abregung (1)
- Absence asymmetry (1)
- Absorption Spectroscopy (1)
- Acceptance (1)
- Acetate (1)
- Acetic acid (1)
- Acetoin (1)
- Achaete-scute complex homolog 2 (1)
- Acoustic Backscatter (1)
- Actin (1)
- Actinobacteria (1)
- Actinopterygii (1)
- Activator-binding domain (1)
- Actor-based typology (1)
- Acute cerebral ischemia (1)
- Acute decompensated heart failure (1)
- Acute ischaemic stroke (1)
- Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (1)
- Acyltransfer (1)
- Acyltransferases (1)
- Adenin-Deaminase (1)
- Adenocarcinoma (1)
- AdhA (1)
- AdhR (1)
- Adherenc (1)
- Adhesion (1)
- Adhäsine (1)
- Administrative data (1)
- Adolescents, 12-year-olds (1)
- Adoleszenz (1)
- Adsorption (1)
- Adult allogeneic stem cell transplantation (1)
- Advanced nursing practice (1)
- Advanced nursing roles (1)
- Adverse consequences (1)
- Aedes (1)
- Aedes japonicus (1)
- Aerobe Bakterien (1)
- Aerobic treadmill training (1)
- Aeromonas (1)
- Affective conflict (1)
- Affekt (1)
- Affymetrix (1)
- Africa (1)
- African-Canadian literature (1)
- Afrika (1)
- Afrikanische Schweinepest Virus (1)
- Afro-kanadische Literatur (1)
- Age-related macular degeneration (1)
- AgeWell.de (1)
- Agenda 21 (1)
- Aging; Animal Model; Recovery; Pathology; (1)
- Agoraphobia (1)
- Agoraphobie (1)
- Agreement (1)
- Agri-food networks (1)
- Agricultural crop (1)
- Airway inflammation (1)
- Akt (1)
- Akteurzentrierter Institutionalismus (1)
- Akupunktur (1)
- Alaska (1)
- Albuminuria (1)
- Alcohol abuse (1)
- Alcohol dehydrogenases (1)
- Alcohol dependent rats (1)
- Alfven (1)
- Alfvén Waves (1)
- Algebra Bundles (1)
- Algebra, Funktionalanalysis (1)
- Algorithm (1)
- Algorithmen (1)
- Algorithmic Cheminformatics (1)
- Alignment (1)
- Alignment <Biochemie> (1)
- Alignment anchor (1)
- Alkali-activated binder (1)
- Alkaliaktivierung (1)
- Alkoholabhängigkeit (1)
- Alkohole (1)
- Allelotyping (1)
- Allergen (1)
- Allergic diseases (1)
- Allergie (1)
- Allergy (1)
- Allgemeine Mikrobiologie (1)
- Allgemeinkrankenhaus (1)
- Alliances (1)
- Allmenderessourcen (1)
- Allogeneic blood (1)
- Allogeneic transfusion (1)
- Alloimmune thrombocytopenia (1)
- Allometrie (1)
- Alternative Translation (1)
- Altersbilder (1)
- Alterung (1)
- Altitudes (1)
- Aluize (1)
- Aluminium Cluster (1)
- Aluminium cluster (1)
- Alumino-silicate glass (1)
- Alzheimer (1)
- Alzheimer's (1)
- Alzheimerkrankheit (1)
- Alzheimer’s clinical syndrome (1)
- Ambulatory care (1)
- Ambulatory geriatric rehabilitation (1)
- Amgen Inc. (1)
- Amine (1)
- Amine transaminase (1)
- Amine transaminase, ketoreductase (1)
- Amino Alcohol (1)
- Aminoacylierung (1)
- Aminoalkohol (1)
- Aminogruppe (1)
- Aminosäuren (1)
- AmpC (1)
- Amperometric detection; EstraMonitor (1)
- Amperometrische Detektion; EstraMonitor (1)
- Amygdala (1)
- Amylase (1)
- Amyloid-β (1)
- Analyse (1)
- Analysemethode (1)
- Analytic hierarchy process (1)
- Ang-(1-7) (1)
- Angewandte Linguistik (1)
- Angiitis (1)
- Angiopathy (1)
- Angiotensin (1–7) (1)
- Angiotensin I-converting enzyme 2 (1)
- Angiotensin II (1)
- Animal behavior (1)
- Animal husbandry (1)
- Ankle-brachial index (1)
- Ankyloglossie (1)
- Annexin A3 (1)
- Annotation (1)
- Annual rings (1)
- Anode (1)
- Anpassungsreaktionen (1)
- Antarktis (1)
- Anthropized environments (1)
- Anthropogener Einfluss (1)
- Anthropometrie (1)
- Anti-adhesive (1)
- Anti-cancer and anti-microbials (1)
- Anti-idiotypic vaccines (1)
- Antibacterial efficacy (1)
- Antibacterial host defense (1)
- Antibiotic resistance (1)
- Antibiotic therapy (1)
- Antibiotikum , Proteom , Clostridium difficile , In vivo , In vitro (1)
- Antibodies (1)
- Antibody (1)
- Antifungals (1)
- Antigen suppression (1)
- Antigenität (1)
- Antigenpräsentation (1)
- Antikoagulans (1)
- Antikörperantworten (1)
- Antimicrobial Resistance (1)
- Antimicrobial efficacy (1)
- Antimikrobiel (1)
- Antimykotika (1)
- Antioxidans (1)
- Antioxidants (1)
- Antioxidative system (1)
- Antiphospholipidsyndrom (1)
- Antisepsis (1)
- Antiseptic (1)
- Antiseptic efficacy (1)
- Antiseptic mouth rinse (1)
- Antiseptikum (1)
- Antiterminator-Proteine (1)
- Antoxidant capacity (1)
- Antrieb (1)
- Anwendbarkeit (1)
- AnxA1 (1)
- Anxiety (1)
- Anxiety sensitivity (1)
- Anxiety, fear conditioning (1)
- Anyphaenidae (1)
- Aortic compliance (1)
- Apnea–hypopnea index (1)
- ApoE-KnockOut (1)
- Apolipoprotein E knockout mice (1)
- Apolipoprotein concentration (1)
- Applied linguistics (1)
- Applying GIS and Remote sensing (1)
- Approximalkaries (1)
- Approximalversiegelung (1)
- Approximate Bayesian Computation (1)
- Aptazym (1)
- Aquaculture (1)
- Aquakultur (1)
- Aquaporins (1)
- Aquatic Interfaces (1)
- Aquatisches Sediment (1)
- Araceae (1)
- Araneoidea (1)
- Arbeitsblatt (1)
- Arbovirus (1)
- ArcT peptidase (1)
- Archaeidae (1)
- Arcuate body (1)
- Arginin (1)
- Argininphosphorylierung (1)
- Argon metastables (1)
- Aristolochic acid I (1)
- Arktis (1)
- Armenia (1)
- Aromatic Diamine (1)
- Arrowworms (1)
- Art (1)
- Artenschutz (1)
- Arterial dissection (1)
- Artificial nerual networks (1)
- Artificial neural networks (1)
- Arvicolinae (1)
- Arxula adeninivoras (1)
- Aryl fluorides (1)
- Arylesterase (1)
- Arzneimittel (1)
- Arzneimitteldesign (1)
- Arzneimittelrückstand (1)
- Arzneiverordnung (1)
- Ascorbate–glutathione cycle (1)
- Asia (1)
- Asphyxie (1)
- Aspiration (1)
- Associative learning (1)
- Astrophysik (1)
- Astrovirus (1)
- Asymmetric internal genitalia (1)
- Asymmetrie (1)
- Atemwege (1)
- Atemwegsobstruktion (1)
- Atmosphärendruckentladung (1)
- Atmung (1)
- Atomemissionsspektroskopie (1)
- Atomic absorption spectrometry (1)
- Atomspektrum (1)
- Atrial fibrillation (1)
- Attention (1)
- Attitudes (1)
- At‐risk Drinking (1)
- Auenökosysteme (1)
- Aufmerksamkeit (1)
- Aufmerksamkeitsbias (1)
- Auftrittsgröße (1)
- Augenmuskeln (1)
- Aujeszky-Krankheit (1)
- Austrophasmatidae (1)
- Authigenic carbonates (1)
- Autism spectrum disorder (1)
- Auto-anti-D (1)
- AutoCart (1)
- Autoantibodies (1)
- Autoantikörper (1)
- Autofluorescence (1)
- Autoimmune pancreatitis (1)
- Autoimmunity (1)
- Automated monitoring (1)
- Autonome Erregung (1)
- Autophagie (1)
- Autophagy (1)
- Auxiliary activity (1)
- Axenization (1)
- Azaphospholderivat (1)
- Azides (1)
- Azonal vegetation (1)
- B cell (1)
- B cell class switch (1)
- B cell response (1)
- B-1a B cells (1)
- B-Cell (1)
- B-Lymphocytes (1)
- B-Lymphozyten (1)
- B-Zelle (1)
- B-Zelle , Fruchtwasser , Schwangerschaft , Frühgeburt , Immunsystem (1)
- B1 B cells (1)
- B1-a B Cells (1)
- BA.2 (1)
- BA.5 (1)
- BAM (1)
- BCL11b (1)
- BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) (1)
- BH3-only proteins (1)
- BISCWIT (1)
- BK polyomavirus (1)
- BK-associated hemorrhagic cystitis (1)
- BK-virus (1)
- BMD (1)
- BMI (1)
- BRAF (1)
- BRAFV600E mutation (1)
- BRAFi-resistance (1)
- BVDV (1)
- Baboon (1)
- Bach Ma National Park (1)
- Bacillus cereus (1)
- Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis (1)
- Bacterial allergens (1)
- Bacterial cell membrane (1)
- Bacterial cell wall (1)
- Bacterial infection (1)
- Bacterial vaginosis (1)
- Bacterial virulence (1)
- Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (1)
- Baillons Crake (1)
- Bakterielle Infektion (1)
- Bakteriologie (1)
- Bakteriämie (1)
- Balanced cross sections (1)
- Balkan (1)
- Ballistik (1)
- Baltic (1)
- Baltic Sea region (1)
- Balticidin (1)
- Balz (1)
- Band (1)
- Barium (1)
- Barry (1)
- Barth syndrome, Cardiolipin, tafazzin, cellular proliferation, gene expression (1)
- Basic concepts (1)
- Bat (1)
- Bat behavior (1)
- Bathymodiolus (1)
- Bathymodiolus symbiosis (1)
- Baumart (1)
- Bayerischer Wald (1)
- Bayes (1)
- Bayes'sche Datenanalyse (1)
- Bayes-Netz (1)
- Bayes-Verfahren (1)
- Bayesian (1)
- Bayesian Data Analysis (1)
- Bayesian animal model (1)
- Bayesian sparse linear mixed model (1)
- Bayesian statistics (1)
- Bayley scales (1)
- Bdf1 (1)
- Beach ridge (1)
- Beam (1)
- Bechstein’s bat (1)
- Beckenboden (1)
- Bedrohung (1)
- Behandlung (1)
- Behavioural ecology (1)
- Belastungsblutdruck (1)
- Belohnung (1)
- Benchmark material (1)
- Benign breast tumours (1)
- Benthic macrofauna (1)
- Benthic solute reservoirs (1)
- Benthos (1)
- Benzazaphosphole (1)
- Beobachtungsprozess (1)
- Beobachtungsstudie (1)
- Bergmann's rule (1)
- Bergmann’s rule (1)
- Beringung (1)
- Berlin (1)
- Berlin Brandenburg Airport (1)
- Bernoulli convolution (1)
- Bernoulli convolutions (1)
- Bernoulli-Faltungen (1)
- Betriebsanalyse (1)
- Bevölkerung (1)
- Bgl (1)
- Bialgebra (1)
- Biaryle (1)
- Bias (1)
- Biasing (1)
- Biatain Ag (1)
- Biber (1)
- Bicarbonate (1)
- Bidirectional electron transfer (1)
- Bidirectional in-/direct external electron transfer (1)
- Big Data (1)
- Big Five (1)
- Bildklassifikation (1)
- Bildkompetenz (1)
- Binaural beats (1)
- Bio (1)
- Bio-Siegel (1)
- Bioakustik (1)
- Bioavailability (1)
- Biocatalytic alkylation (1)
- Biochemische Analyse (1)
- Biocidal product regulation (1)
- Biocomputational metho (1)
- Biodiversity assessment (1)
- Bioelectrochemistry (1)
- Bioethics (1)
- Bioethik (1)
- Biogeochemie (1)
- Biogeochemistry (1)
- Biogeografie (1)
- Biokatalyse , Enzym , Alkohol , Amine , Enzymkatalyse , Asymmetrische Katalyse (1)
- Biokatalysis (1)
- Biokompatibilität (1)
- Biokonversion (1)
- Biologie (1)
- Biologie , Allgemeine Zoologie , Zoologie , Spinnen , Klimaänderung , Genomik , Mikrobiologie , Ökologie (1)
- Biologische Invasion (1)
- Biologische Vielfalt (1)
- Biology (1)
- Biology and Natural Sciences (1)
- Biology, Zoology, Spiders, Genomics, Microbiology, Ecology (1)
- Biomarkers (1)
- Biomathematik , Bioinformatik (1)
- Biomechanics (1)
- Biomedical model (1)
- Biomimetic membrane; cold physical plasma;membrane oxidation; lipid bilayer; electrochemistry; mass spectrometry; atomic force microscopy (1)
- Biophysical Parameters (1)
- Biophysikalische Chemie (1)
- Biopsie (1)
- Biopsies (1)
- Biopsychosocial causal model (1)
- Bioreaktor (1)
- Biorefinery process (1)
- Biorelevant (1)
- Biosynthesis of bile acids (1)
- Biotechnology (1)
- Biotinylierungsansatz (1)
- Bioturbation (1)
- Biozentrismus (1)
- Birds (1)
- Birth length (1)
- Birth weight (1)
- Black Canadian (1)
- Bland-Altman Plots (1)
- Blatt bewohnende Pilze (1)
- Bleeding (1)
- Blei (1)
- Blood coagulation (1)
- Blood donation (1)
- Blood donor questionnaire (1)
- Blood donors (1)
- Blood safety (1)
- Blood transfusion (1)
- Blue Intensity (1)
- Blut (1)
- Blutspiegel (1)
- Bodenkunde (1)
- Bodennutzung (1)
- Bodentemperatur (1)
- Bodenökologie (1)
- Bodian staining (1)
- Body composition (1)
- Body fat (1)
- Body size (1)
- Bogenentladung (1)
- Boltzmann equation (1)
- Bone fracture (1)
- Bone marrow metastasis (1)
- Bootstrap current (1)
- Border (1)
- Bordering (1)
- Borderline personality disorder (1)
- Borders (1)
- Bornavirus (1)
- Bose-Einstein Kondensation (1)
- Bose-Einstein condensation (1)
- Bose-Einstein-Kondensation (1)
- Bovine TB, neutrophils, immunology, zoonotic TB (1)
- Brachionus (1)
- Brackets (1)
- Brain Stimulation (1)
- Brain evolution (1)
- Brain health (1)
- Brain infection (1)
- Brain stimulation (1)
- Brainstem (1)
- Brainstem ischemia (1)
- Brainstem perforators (1)
- Brautgeschenk (1)
- Brazil (1)
- BrdU (1)
- Breast milk (1)
- Brennfleck (1)
- Brewster angle microscopy (1)
- Brief intervention (1)
- Broad consent (1)
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (1)
- Brustkrebs (1)
- Budding (1)
- Bundle gerbe (1)
- Buneman theorem (1)
- Burden (1)
- Burnout (1)
- Buscher rules (1)
- Business models (1)
- Bystander resuscitation (1)
- Bündelgerbe (1)
- Bürstenpolymere (1)
- C-F activation (1)
- C. difficile (1)
- C. elegans (1)
- CAD (1)
- CAL 78 (1)
- CAL-A (1)
- CAM (1)
- CANDLE (1)
- CANDLE/PRAAS (1)
- CASP (1)
- CAZyme (1)
- CAZymes formaldehyde detoxification (1)
- CA–Markov (1)
- CBASP (1)
- CC88 (1)
- CCHC zinc finger (1)
- CCK1R binding (1)
- CCL17 (1)
- CCL22 (1)
- CCM1 (1)
- CCM1/KRIT1 (1)
- CCR2 (1)
- CD Spektroskopie (1)
- CD-Spektroskopie (1)
- CD13 (1)
- CD40L (1)
- CD44 (1)
- CD56 (1)
- CFTR Cl (1)
- CGRP (1)
- CHI (1)
- CKD—chronic kidney disease (1)
- CLP (1)
- CNS—central nervous system (1)
- CNV (1)
- CNV analyses (1)
- CO2 (1)
- CO2 dynamics (1)
- CO2-reduction (1)
- COPD (1)
- COVID (1)
- COVID-19-related future anxiety (1)
- COVID19 (1)
- CP7_E2alf (1)
- CPET (1)
- CPR (1)
- CRAFFT (1)
- CRE-ER/lox (1)
- CRF (1)
- CRISPR (1)
- CRISPR-Cas (1)
- CRISPR/Cas (1)
- CRISPR/Cas-Methode (1)
- CRM brand Personality (1)
- CRM purchase intention (1)
- CRMP2 (1)
- CS molecular absorption (1)
- CTLA-4 (1)
- CTX-M-1 (1)
- CVD biomarker (1)
- CYP1A1 (1)
- CYP1A2 (1)
- CYP2C19 (1)
- CYP2D6 (1)
- Cadmium (1)
- Caenorhabditis elegans (1)
- Calcium regulation (1)
- Calcium-ATPasen (1)
- Calciumhomöostase (1)
- Caledonian Deformation Front (1)
- Callosal tract (1)
- Calu-3 (1)
- Calvatia gigantea (1)
- Cambodia (1)
- Campher (1)
- Canadian literature in English (1)
- Cancer (1)
- Cancerogenesis (1)
- Candida (1)
- Candida albicans (1)
- Cantor dust (1)
- Cantor set (1)
- Capripox (1)
- Caprolacton <epsilon-> (1)
- Capsid (1)
- Carbenes (1)
- Carbocistein (1)
- Carbohydrate metabolism (1)
- Carbon isotopes (1)
- Carbonate microfacies (1)
- Carboniferous sequence (1)
- Carboxypeptidase (1)
- Carcinus maenas (1)
- Carcinus meanas (1)
- Card-ii-Omics (1)
- Cardiac arrest (1)
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (1)
- Cardiorespiratory fitness (1)
- Cardiovascular rehabilitation (1)
- Cardiovascular risk factors (1)
- Care and case management (1)
- Career choice (1)
- Caregiver (1)
- Carex acutiformis (1)
- Carex rostrata (1)
- Caribbean region (1)
- Caries activity (1)
- Caries decline (1)
- Caries infiltration (1)
- Caries prevalence (1)
- Caries prevalence (1)
- Caries risk (1)
- Caries treatment (1)
- Caries trends (1)
- Cariology (1)
- Carotid arteries (1)
- Carrier (1)
- Cascade reaction (1)
- Case report (1)
- Caspian Sea (1)
- Catalytic Activity (1)
- Catchment area (1)
- Caucasus (1)
- Causal inference (1)
- Causality (1)
- Cause Related Marketing (CRM) (1)
- Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (1)
- Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (1)
- Cavity-Enhanced-Absorptionsspektroskopie (1)
- Cavity-Ring-Down-Spektroskopie (1)
- Cayman Trog (1)
- Cell aggregation (1)
- Cell biophysics (1)
- Cell cultures (1)
- Cell death (1)
- Cell division defect (1)
- Cell mechanics (1)
- Cell processes and subcellular processes (1)
- Cell surface molecules (1)
- Cells (1)
- Cellular immune response (1)
- Cellulose (1)
- Cementless THA (1)
- Centaurothamnus maximus (1)
- Central Europe (1)
- Central carbon metabolism (1)
- Central sensitization (1)
- Centrality (1)
- Cephalopoda (1)
- Ceramide (1)
- Ceratopogonidae (1)
- Cerebral Palsy Kinder (1)
- Cerebral angiogram (1)
- Cerebral infarcts in young adults (1)
- Cerebral ischaemia (1)
- Cerebral palsy (1)
- Cerebrovascular disease (1)
- Cerulein (1)
- Cetuximab (1)
- ChREBP (1)
- Chaetognatha (1)
- Chagas’ disease (1)
- Changai (1)
- Changane (1)
- Change agents (1)
- Changes in environmental salinity (1)
- Chaperonin (1)
- Characteristic Attribute Organization System (1)
- Charakterisierung (1)
- Charge simulation method (1)
- Chelate (1)
- Chelicerata (1)
- Chemical Ecology (1)
- Chemical Stability (1)
- Chemische Stabilität (1)
- Chemo-enzymatic synthesis (1)
- Chemoresistance (1)
- Chemostatic processes (1)
- Chemotaxis (1)
- Children Born of War (1)
- Child–Pugh score (1)
- Chile (1)
- Chimpanzee (1)
- Chinhydron (1)
- Chiral alcohols (1)
- Chiral amine (1)
- Chirale Amine (1)
- Chlorella vulgaris (1)
- Chlorhexidine digluconate (1)
- Cholestasis (1)
- Chondrichthyes (1)
- Chondroitinsulfate (1)
- Chromosomal aberrations (1)
- Chromosome 7q31-q36 (1)
- Chronic illness (1)
- Chronic liver disease (1)
- Chronic non-communicable diseases (1)
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1)
- Chronic pancreatitis (1)
- Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (1)
- Chronische Krankheiten (1)
- Chronische Niereninsuffizienz (1)
- Circular economy (1)
- Cisplatin (1)
- Citizen first responder (1)
- Citrus fruits (1)
- Civil conflicts (1)
- Clade Annotation (1)
- Claims data (1)
- Class-imbalanced Data (1)
- Classical swine fever virus (1)
- Classification (1)
- Claudin-5 (1)
- Clay mineral diagenesis (1)
- Clethrionomys glareolus (1)
- ClfA (1)
- Click chemistry (1)
- Climatic adaptation (1)
- Clinical attachment loss (1)
- Clinical pathway (1)
- Clinical procedure (1)
- Clinical trial (1)
- Clinical trials (1)
- Clinimetrics (1)
- Clonal growth (1)
- Cloning (1)
- Clp proteases (1)
- Clp proteolysis (1)
- Cluster Analysis (1)
- Cluster beam (1)
- Cluster charge (1)
- Cluster flow (1)
- Cluster formation (1)
- Co-culture (1)
- Co-infections (1)
- Co-selection (1)
- CoFeB (1)
- CoViD-19 protective mask (1)
- Coactivator (1)
- Coal mining (1)
- Coatings (1)
- Cobalt (1)
- Cochlear implant (1)
- Cochrane–Orcutt procedure (1)
- CodY (1)
- Codakia orbicularis (1)
- CofP (1)
- Cofaktor (1)
- Cognitive Control (1)
- Cognitive control (1)
- Cognitive ergonomics (1)
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy (1)
- Coil Optimization (1)
- Colaizzi (1)
- Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (1)
- Cold physical plasma (1)
- Cold plasma (1)
- Cold-shock proteins (1)
- Collaborative care (1)
- Collaborative knowledge production (1)
- Collagen (1)
- Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 2 (1)
- Collisions (1)
- Colloidal Probe Technique (1)
- Combination chemotherapy (1)
- Comic (1)
- Common Tern (1)
- Common bile duct ligation (1)
- Communication science (1)
- Community dentistry (1)
- Community ecology (1)
- Community first responder (1)
- Community-based Health Insurance (1)
- Comparative Gene Finding (1)
- Comparative Genomics (1)
- Compatibility (1)
- Complement (1)
- Complex cell cultures (1)
- Complex plasma (1)
- Complex regional pain syndrome (1)
- Complexity (1)
- Complication (1)
- Compositional data analysis (1)
- Compound 16 (1)
- Compression (1)
- Computational fluid dynamic simulations (1)
- Computer simulation (1)
- Computersimulation (1)
- Concentration (1)
- Conditioning therapy (1)
- Conformal map (1)
- Congestion (1)
- Coniopterygidae (1)
- Connection length (1)
- Connective Tissue Growth Factor (1)
- Connectivity (1)
- Consent implementation (1)
- Consent management (1)
- Consent process (1)
- Conservation (1)
- Conservation biology (1)
- Contamination (1)
- Continuous electrosynthesis (1)
- Continuum (1)
- Continuum beliefs (1)
- Control (1)
- Convergence of Markov chains (1)
- Convolutional Neural Networks (1)
- Copolymer (1)
- Corepressor (1)
- Coronavirus (1)
- Corpus linguistics (1)
- Correlation Analysis (1)
- Correlation networks (1)
- Corrosion-electrochemical behaviour (1)
- Cost (1)
- Cost-Effectiveness (1)
- Cost-Utility (1)
- Cost-effectiveness (1)
- Costing (1)
- Cowpox (1)
- Coxiella burnetii (1)
- Coxsackievirus B3 (1)
- Cranes (1)
- Creighton’s principles (1)
- Crete (1)
- Crisis communication (1)
- Cristina Lafont (1)
- Critical illness myopathy (1)
- Cross-border healthcare (1)
- Cross-coupling (1)
- Cross-lagged panel model (1)
- Cuba (1)
- Culicoides (1)
- Cyanbacteria (1)
- Cyanobacteria (1)
- Cyanobakterien (1)
- Cyanonacteria (1)
- CyberKnife robotic radiosurgery (1)
- Cybermobbing (1)
- Cyc8 (1)
- Cyclisation (1)
- Cyclohexanon-Monooxygenase (1)
- Cyclohexanone monooxygenase (1)
- Cyclooxygenase-2 (1)
- Cyprus (1)
- Cystic fibrosis (1)
- Cystic lesion (1)
- Cytochrom P450 Monooxygenase (1)
- Cytochrome P-450 (1)
- Cytokine secretion (1)
- Cytometrie (1)
- Cytoprotection (1)
- Cytotoxic (1)
- Cytotoxizität (1)
- Cäsium-137 (1)
- C–C bond cleavage (1)
- D61Y mutation (1)
- DAOY cell line (1)
- DBD (1)
- DDH (1)
- DDR (1)
- DDT (1)
- DEB-model (1)
- DFT (1)
- DHEAS (1)
- DISQOVER (1)
- DIT (1)
- DIVA-Impfstoff (1)
- DLC1 (1)
- DLX proteins (1)
- DMFS (1)
- DMS (1)
- DNA damage (1)
- DNA damage response (1)
- DNA degradation (1)
- DNA epair (1)
- DNA extraction bias (1)
- DNA methylation (1)
- DNA polymerase theta (1)
- DNA preservation (1)
- DNA quality index (1)
- DNA taxonomy (1)
- DNA-Polymerase theta (1)
- DNA-Reparatur (1)
- DNA-Schädigung (1)
- DNA-Wirkstoff-Struktur (1)
- DNA-barcoding (1)
- DNA-drug structure (1)
- DNA-microarray (1)
- DNAzym (1)
- DNA–DNA hybridization (ddH) (1)
- DOT-MGA (1)
- DSB (1)
- DUBs (1)
- DUOCAP (1)
- DWI (1)
- Dansgaard-Oeschger Zyklen (1)
- Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles (1)
- Daratumumab (1)
- Darbellay-Vajda Partitionsregel (1)
- Dark Ages Cold Period (DACP) (1)
- Dark Future Scale for children (1)
- Darstellung (1)
- Data Science (1)
- Data and biomaterial collection (1)
- Database (1)
- Datenbank (1)
- Daubenton’s bats (1)
- De- and remineralisation (1)
- De-Excitation (1)
- Dear Doctor letter (1)
- Decayed (1)
- Decision-making (1)
- Deep Learning (1)
- Deep-sea hydrothermal vents (1)
- Deferral (1)
- Dehydrocyclisation (1)
- Dehydrogenation (1)
- Dehydroxylierung (1)
- Dekanol (1)
- Dekontamination (1)
- Delayed recovery (1)
- Delegation (1)
- Deletion mutants (1)
- Dementia Care Management (1)
- Democracy (1)
- Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) (1)
- Demographie (1)
- Demography (1)
- Demokratie (1)
- Dendritic cells (1)
- Dendritische Zelle (1)
- Dendrochronologie , Moor , Kiefer <Gattung> (1)
- Dengue virus (1)
- Dense Plasmas (1)
- Density (1)
- Dental education (1)
- Dental fluorosis (1)
- Dental implant (1)
- Dental profiles (1)
- Dental public health (1)
- Dental sleep medicine (1)
- Dentin caries (1)
- Denture (1)
- Depressive symptoms (1)
- Destabilisierung (1)
- Detachment (1)
- Determinism (1)
- Deutsche Mundgesundheitsstudien (1)
- Deutsche Version des School Burnout Inventory (1)
- Developmental risks (1)
- Dezidua (1)
- Diabetic retinopathy (1)
- Diagenese (1)
- Diagenesis (1)
- Diagnosis (1)
- Diagnostic criteria (1)
- Diagnostic test (1)
- Diagnostics (1)
- Dialyse (1)
- Diamant (1)
- Diauxie (1)
- Dichte Plasmen (1)
- Dichtematrix (1)
- Dichteschätzung (1)
- Dichtigkeit (1)
- Diclofenac (1)
- Dielectric Barrier Discharge (1)
- Dielectric barrier discharge (1)
- Dielektrische Entladung (1)
- Dietary behavior (1)
- Differentialgeometrie (1)
- Differentialgleichung (1)
- Diffraction (1)
- Diffuse congenital hyperinsulinism (1)
- Digestive system (1)
- Digital Ion Trap (1)
- Digital health (1)
- Digital ion trap (1)
- Digitale Ionenfalle (1)
- Digitalisierung (1)
- Dilatative Kardiomyopathie (1)
- Dilated Cardiomyopathy (1)
- Dilated cardiomyopathy (1)
- Dimensionsreduktion (1)
- Dinosauria (1)
- Dinosaurier (1)
- Dioxindolderivat (1)
- Dipteran vector (1)
- Dirac-cone physics (1)
- Direct Force Measurement (1)
- Dirofilaria (1)
- Disability (1)
- Disease management (1)
- Disease vector (1)
- Dispatcher-assisted CPR (1)
- Dispersion function (1)
- Dispersionsrelation (1)
- Dissection (1)
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation (1)
- Dissemination (1)
- Dissipation (1)
- Dissociation (1)
- Distance decay effect (1)
- Distribution (1)
- District magnitude (1)
- Distriktkrankenhaus (1)
- Dithiol (1)
- Divergent response (1)
- Diversität (1)
- Docetaxel (1)
- Domänen-Wachstum (1)
- Donor return behavior (1)
- Donor selection (1)
- Donors (1)
- Doppler cooling (1)
- Doxorubicin (1)
- Dreams (1)
- Driftwellen (1)
- Drinking Patterns (1)
- Drinking patterns (1)
- Drishti (1)
- Drone (1)
- Dronedarone (1)
- Dropout (1)
- Drosera intermedia (1)
- Drosera rotundifolia (1)
- Drug (1)
- Drug release (1)
- Drug resistance (1)
- Drug stability (1)
- Drug transport (1)
- Dual Decomposition (1)
- Dual-task (1)
- Dualität (1)
- Duchenne (1)
- Duchenne-Syndrom (1)
- Ductoscopy (1)
- Duennschichten (1)
- Dust acoustic waves (1)
- Dusty Plasma (1)
- Dusty plasma (1)
- Dyes (1)
- Dynamical System (1)
- Dynamische Systeme (1)
- Dyslipidemia (1)
- Dysphagia (1)
- Dysphonia (1)
- Dyspnea (1)
- Dämpfung (1)
- Dünen (1)
- Dünndarm (1)
- Dünne Schicht (1)
- Dünne Schichten (1)
- Dünnes Plasma (1)
- E-Health (1)
- E3 ligases (1)
- ECC (1)
- ECM (1)
- ECRH (1)
- EEDF (1)
- EEG/ERP (1)
- EEVF (1)
- EGFR inhibitor (1)
- EGFR-mutated (1)
- EKG (1)
- EKP (1)
- EMDR (1)
- EMP-hybrid (1)
- EMR1 (1)
- EMSA (1)
- EMT (1)
- EPIDEMIOLOGY (1)
- EPR (1)
- EPR spectroscopy (1)
- ER stress (1)
- ER-stress (1)
- ERK (1)
- ERK1/2 (1)
- ERP (1)
- ERPs (1)
- ERS (1)
- ESBL – (1)
- ESBL/AmpC- (1)
- ESBL— (1)
- ESKAPE pathogens (1)
- ESKAPE strain (1)
- ET (1)
- EU (1)
- EU Water Framework Directive (1)
- Early Childhood Caries (1)
- Early Jurassic (1)
- Early Modern time (1)
- Early Warning (1)
- Early childhood caries (1)
- Early mobilization (1)
- Early prevention (1)
- Eberswalde (1)
- Ebola virus (1)
- Ebola-Virus (1)
- Echocardiography (1)
- Ecological niche modelling (1)
- Economics (1)
- Ecophysiology (1)
- Ecosystem Dynamics (1)
- Ecosystem services (1)
- Ecotype (1)
- Ectoparasite (1)
- Ecuador (1)
- EdU (1)
- Eddy Kovarianz (1)
- Edelgas (1)
- Education (1)
- Eem (1)
- Eem-Interglazial (1)
- Effacement (1)
- Effectiveness of telemedicine treatment (1)
- Effects of blood donation (1)
- Effekt (1)
- Efficacy (1)
- Effizienz (1)
- Effluent (1)
- Eggshells (1)
- Egyptian Rousette Bat (1)
- Eicosanoide (1)
- Eigenwert (1)
- Eintopfreaktion (1)
- Eisenmineralien (1)
- Eisenoxid-Nanopartikels (1)
- Eisflussmodellierung (1)
- Eiszeit (1)
- Elastase inhibitions (1)
- Elastase inhibitor (1)
- Elastase inhibitoren (1)
- Elastizität (1)
- Elastizitätstheorie (1)
- Elav (1)
- Elderly (1)
- Elective surgery (1)
- Electoral systems (1)
- Electric Propulsion (1)
- Electroanalysis (1)
- Electrochemical Stability (1)
- Electrochemical Synthesis (1)
- Electrochemie (1)
- Electrochemistry (1)
- Electrodes of second kind (1)
- Electroencephalography (1)
- Electrofuel (1)
- Electronic assessment (1)
- Elektrische Polarisation (1)
- Elektrochemische Stabilität (1)
- Elektrochemischer Sensor (1)
- Elektrode (1)
- Elektron (1)
- Elektronegative Plasmen / negative Ionen (1)
- Elektronenbad (1)
- Elektronenemission (1)
- Elektronenparamagnetische Resonanz (1)
- Elimination (1)
- Ellenberg indicator values (1)
- Emergency medical care (1)
- Emergency medical dispatch (1)
- Emergency medical service (1)
- Emerging adults (1)
- Emery-Dreifuss-Muskeldystrophie (1)
- Emery–Dreifuss-muscular-dystrophy (1)
- Emission (1)
- Emission Spectroscopy (1)
- Emitter (1)
- Emotion (1)
- Emotion Regulation (1)
- Emotionen (1)
- Emotionsinduktion (1)
- Emotionsregulation (1)
- Empfindlichkeit (1)
- Employment (1)
- End-Stage-Renal-Disease (1)
- Endomyokardbiopsien und Plasma (1)
- Endoscopic breast ductoscopy (1)
- Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (1)
- Endothel (1)
- Endothelin (1)
- Energiereiches Teilchen (1)
- Energy mobilization (1)
- Energy supply (1)
- Englischunterricht (1)
- Enhanced Sampling (1)
- Enteral nutrition (1)
- Enterobacterales (1)
- Enterobacteriaceae (1)
- Enterotoxin Gene Cluster (1)
- Enterovirus (1)
- Entladung (1)
- Entomologie (1)
- Entscheidungsprozesse (1)
- Entwicklung (1)
- Entwicklungsstadium (1)
- Entwicklungsstörung (1)
- Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (1)
- Environmental Economics (1)
- Environmental and Conservation Psychology (1)
- Environmental conditions (1)
- Environmental factors (1)
- Environmental gradient (1)
- Environmental risk factors (1)
- Environmental toxins (1)
- Enzymatic Degradation (1)
- Enzyme Cascade (1)
- Enzyme Catalysis (1)
- Enzyme Discovery (1)
- Enzyme Engineering (1)
- Enzyme engineering (1)
- Enzyme identification (1)
- Enzymidentifizierung (1)
- Eocene (1)
- Epidemiology of pediatric emergencies (1)
- Epigenetik (1)
- Epilepsie (1)
- Epilepsy (1)
- Episodisches Gedächtnis (1)
- Epithel (1)
- Epithelioid sarcoma (1)
- Epithelzellen (1)
- Epitopes (1)
- Epoxid-Hydrolase (1)
- Equity (1)
- Erbkrankheit (1)
- Ernährung (1)
- Erosion (1)
- Erstickungsangst (1)
- Erucic acid (1)
- Erwachsener (1)
- Erzählen (1)
- Escape factor (1)
- Escherichia coli (1)
- Essential thrombocythemia (1)
- Established Parties (1)
- Estimated glomerular filtration rate (1)
- Ethanol based hand rub (1)
- Ethics (1)
- Ethiopia (1)
- Ethylene oligomerisation (1)
- Ethylenoligomerisation (1)
- Eulerian numbers (1)
- Euregio (1)
- Europa (1)
- European Union (1)
- European soccer championship (1)
- Europäische Union (1)
- Eutrophication (1)
- Evaluierung (1)
- Event (1)
- Evolution der Genregulation (1)
- Evolution of Gene Regulation (1)
- Evolutionsbiologie , Tierökologie , Sexuelle Selektion , Sexualverhalten (1)
- Evolutionäre Wirtschaftsgeographie (1)
- Ewing sarcoma (1)
- ExB-Drift (1)
- ExB-drift (1)
- ExWAS (1)
- Expansion (1)
- Expectation of continuity (1)
- Experimental techniques (1)
- Exploration (1)
- Exposure (1)
- Expression (1)
- Expression system (1)
- Expressionsdaten (1)
- Extracellular Matrix (1)
- Extracellular matrix (1)
- Extrakt (1)
- Extraktion (1)
- Extramedullary disease (1)
- Extrazelluläre Matrix (1)
- Extremism (1)
- Exziton (1)
- Eye Tracking (1)
- Eye tracking (1)
- F-florbetaben PET (1)
- F1 score (1)
- F4/80 (1)
- FACIT (1)
- FAIR data (1)
- FAM159B (1)
- FAP-IL-2v (1)
- FASN (1)
- FCGR polymorphism (1)
- FDM (1)
- FH plane (1)
- FHIR (1)
- FIA (1)
- FLEXMAP 3D (1)
- FLT3 (1)
- FLT3-TKD (1)
- FMDV (1)
- FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (1)
- FRET (1)
- FT-ICR-Spektroskopie (1)
- FTIR (1)
- FTIR-Spektrometrie (1)
- FTSJ1 (1)
- Facial expressions (1)
- Fallstudie (1)
- False-male-above mating position (1)
- Familial transmission pathways (1)
- Familie-VIII-Carboxylesterase (1)
- Family (1)
- Far (1)
- Fast Particles (1)
- Fast multipole method (1)
- Fatty acid enrichment (1)
- Fatty tissue (1)
- Faulbrut (1)
- Fault-related folding (1)
- Faziesanalyse (1)
- Fc gamma receptor (1)
- FcγRIIA (1)
- FcγRIIa (1)
- FeSe (1)
- Feasibility (1)
- Fed batch (1)
- Feed supplementation (1)
- Fehlgeburt (1)
- Female mate choice (1)
- Femtosecond laser (1)
- Femtosecond lasers (1)
- Ferritin (1)
- Fetal growth restriction (1)
- Fetal zone steroids (1)
- Fettsucht (1)
- Feuchtgebiet (1)
- Feuchtgebiete (1)
- Fibronectin (1)
- Fibrosis (1)
- Fick method (1)
- Ficus species (1)
- Ficus-Arten (1)
- Fidaxomicin (1)
- Fidschi (1)
- Fiji (1)
- Filmforschung (1)
- Filoviruses (1)
- Filtration slit (1)
- Financial risk protection (1)
- Fine tiling comparative genomic hybridization (1)
- Finite Systeme (1)
- Finite-element analysis (1)
- Firmicutes (1)
- First Nations (1)
- First responder (1)
- First-time donors (1)
- Fische (1)
- Fischlarven (1)
- Fish (1)
- Fish immunology (1)
- Fish vaccination (1)
- Flavanols (1)
- Flavine (1)
- Flavobacteria (1)
- Flavonols (1)
- Fledermaus-Influenza A Virus H9N2 (1)
- Fließinjektionsanalyse (1)
- Flight ability (1)
- Floreana (1)
- Flow Cytometry (1)
- Flow catalysis (1)
- Flow cytometry (1)
- Flow injection potentiometry (1)
- Flow injection titration (1)
- Flug (1)
- Flughund (1)
- Fluid flows (1)
- Fluid-Modellierung (1)
- Fluidigm array (1)
- Fluoreszenzmikroskopie (1)
- Fluoride (1)
- Fluorkohlenstoffhaltigen Plasmen (1)
- Fluorocarbon Plasmas (1)
- Fluorose (1)
- Flupirtine (1)
- Flux (1)
- Flüssigkeiten (1)
- FnBPA (1)
- Focal congenital hyperinsulinism (1)
- Fock-Raum (1)
- Focused ion beam polishing (1)
- Fomitopsis betulina (1)
- Food (1)
- Food effect (1)
- Food labeling (1)
- Food policy (1)
- Food waste (1)
- Foraminiferen (1)
- Force (1)
- Foreign aid (1)
- Forest ecology (1)
- Formula diet (1)
- Fortpflanzung (1)
- Fossilien (1)
- Fossilisation (1)
- Frauenliteratur (1)
- Free thyroxine (1)
- Free-riding (1)
- FreeSurfer (1)
- Freshwater swamps (1)
- Friedensvertrag (1)
- Friedland clay (1)
- Friedland tons (1)
- Friedlandton (1)
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut Insel Riems (1)
- Frühe Neuzeit (1)
- Frühkindliche Karies (1)
- Function prediction (1)
- Functional characterization (1)
- Functional health (1)
- Functional magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- Fungal endophytes (1)
- Fungi (1)
- Funktionalisierung <Chemie> (1)
- Funktionelle NMR-Tomographie (1)
- Furchtextinktion (1)
- Furchtkonditionierung (1)
- Furfural (1)
- Furunkulose (1)
- Fused filament fabrication (1)
- Fusion , Plasma , Plasmaphysik (1)
- Fusion plasma (1)
- Fusion plasmas (1)
- Future specialists (1)
- Fächerecholot (1)
- Fähigkeitenansatz (1)
- Fällung (1)
- Förderbrunnen (1)
- Füllung (1)
- F‐actin (1)
- G-protein-coupled oestrogen receptor (1)
- G4QD (1)
- GABA (1)
- GAPDH, ALDH (1)
- GATA-3 (1)
- GATA1 (1)
- GBIF (1)
- GBM (1)
- GD2 antibody therapy (1)
- GD2-CAR (1)
- GHG emissions (1)
- GHGs (1)
- GI hormones (1)
- GIS (1)
- GLIM (1)
- GMP (1)
- GMRES method (1)
- GNS-Konstruktion (1)
- GPER (1)
- GPR30 (1)
- GPR68 (1)
- GPU computing (1)
- GPx1 knockout (1)
- GWA (1)
- GaAs sputtering (1)
- Galectin (1)
- Galileo® (1)
- Gammaverteilung (1)
- Ganglidiomab (1)
- Ganzkörper-CT (1)
- Gartenbau (1)
- Gas Cell (1)
- Gasdermin D (1)
- Gaselektronik (1)
- Gasphasenabscheidung (1)
- Gastric balloon (1)
- GastroDuo (1)
- Gastrointestinal oncology (1)
- Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (1)
- Gastrointestinal symptoms (1)
- Gastrointestinal tract (1)
- Gaszelle (1)
- Gaussian beam (1)
- Geburtenintervall (1)
- Gedächtnis (1)
- Gedächtniszelle (1)
- Gefühl (1)
- Gehirn (1)
- Gelatinase A (1)
- Gelfreie Proteinanalytik (1)
- Gemcitabine (1)
- Gene Structure Prediction (1)
- Gene mutation (1)
- Gene prediction (1)
- Gene repression (1)
- General Anesthesia (1)
- General Population (1)
- General Stress (1)
- General outpatient palliative care (GOPC) (1)
- General population (1)
- General practitioner (1)
- General stress response (1)
- Generelle-Interessen-Skala (1)
- Genethik (1)
- Genetic Evolution (1)
- Genetic counselling (1)
- Genetic differentiation (1)
- Genetic testing (1)
- Genetische Diversität (1)
- Genetische Netzwerke (1)
- Genetische Variabilität (1)
- Genital tract infection (1)
- Genom (1)
- Genome Annotation (1)
- Genome alignment (1)
- Genomic classification (1)
- Genotyp-Umwelt Interaktion (1)
- Genotype (1)
- Genregulation (1)
- Gentechnologie (1)
- Gentest (1)
- Genzentrismus (1)
- Geochemistry (1)
- Geochronologie (1)
- Geodynamik (1)
- Geographie (1)
- Geoinformatik (1)
- Geoinformationssystem (1)
- Geologie (1)
- Geometric hashing (1)
- Geometric morphometrics (1)
- Geometrie (1)
- Geometry (1)
- Geomorphologie (1)
- Geostatistik (1)
- Gerbstoff (1)
- Geriatric multimorbidity (1)
- Geriatrics (1)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (1)
- German School Burnout Inventory (1)
- German and Canadian secondary school students (1)
- Gerontologie (1)
- Geschlechterverhältnis (1)
- Geschmack (1)
- Geschoss (1)
- Gesellschaft für Industrieservice AG (1)
- Gesichtsschädel (1)
- Gestational age (1)
- Gesteinskunde (1)
- Gesundheitssystem (1)
- Gesundheitssysteme (1)
- Gesundheitssystementwicklung (1)
- Gesundheitsökonomie (1)
- Gesundheitsökonomische Evaluation (1)
- Gibbs energy (1)
- Gingival index (1)
- Glaciation (1)
- Glacitectonics (1)
- Glass (1)
- Glaucoma (1)
- Glaukom (1)
- Glazial (1)
- Glazitektonik (1)
- Gleichgewicht (1)
- Gliederfüßer (1)
- Glimmentladung (1)
- Glimmentladungsspektroskopie (1)
- Global South regional policy (1)
- Global change (1)
- Global warming (1)
- Glomerulus (1)
- Glomus irregulare (1)
- GlpQ (1)
- Glutaredoxin (1)
- Glutaredoxin 2 (1)
- Glutaredoxine (1)
- Glutathione (1)
- Glutathionperoxidase (1)
- Glycemic control (1)
- Glycine (1)
- Glycolysis (1)
- Glycoprotein B (1)
- Glykoprotein H (1)
- Glykosaminoglykane (1)
- Glyoxylat (1)
- Glyoxylatzyklus (1)
- Glücksspiel (1)
- Goatpox virus (1)
- Gold (1)
- Gold-Nanopartikel (1)
- Gompertz (1)
- Gondoic acid (1)
- Gouldian finch (1)
- Governance (1)
- Graft-versus-host disease (1)
- Gram-positive Bakterien (1)
- Gram-positive bacteria (1)
- Gram-positive infections (1)
- Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1)
- Granudacyn® (1)
- Graph (1)
- Graph Theory (1)
- Graphene (1)
- Graphentheorie (1)
- Graphenzeichnen (1)
- Graphische Darstellung (1)
- Gravettian (1)
- Gravity (1)
- Great Caribbean Arc (1)
- Green algae (1)
- Green chemistry (1)
- Green-Funktion (1)
- Greenhouse gases (1)
- Greenwald (1)
- Green’s function (1)
- Greifvögel (1)
- Grenzwertsatz (1)
- Grimmen (1)
- Groasis Waterboxx (1)
- Gromov-Wasserstein distance (1)
- Groundwater monitoring (1)
- Group (1)
- Group B streptococcus (1)
- Group membership (1)
- Growth curve model (1)
- Growth hormone (1)
- Großfürstentum Litauen (1)
- Großschutzgebiet (1)
- Grubenwasser (1)
- Grundwasser (1)
- Grönland (1)
- Grünland (1)
- Guided Streamer (1)
- Guideline recommendations (1)
- Gyro-kinetic Theory (1)
- Gyrokinetik (1)
- Gyrus dentatus (1)
- H-L back transition (1)
- H. aspersa Müller (1)
- H10N7 (1)
- H4N2 (1)
- H5N8 Clade 2.3.4.4 (1)
- H9N2 (1)
- H9c2 cells (1)
- H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (1)
- HAART (1)
- HACA (1)
- HCC (1)
- HCH (1)
- HCM (1)
- HCO (1)
- HDAC = histone deacetylase (1)
- HDL (1)
- HEK cells (1)
- HEK293 (1)
- HLA (1)
- HLRW (1)
- HLW- Endlager (1)
- HLW- repository (1)
- HMGB1 (1)
- HNSCC (1)
- HPLC (1)
- HPTLC (1)
- HSP90 (1)
- HTLV-1 (1)
- Haemosporida (1)
- Hair follicle (1)
- Hall technique (1)
- Haloalkan-Dehalogenase (1)
- Halogenase (1)
- Hand antisepsis (1)
- Hand grip strength (1)
- Handlungsüberwachung (1)
- Hangzhou International Airport (1)
- Hanoi (1)
- Hansenula polymorpha (1)
- Hantaviren (1)
- Hantaviruses (1)
- Happy End (1)
- Happy Ending (1)
- Harnsäure (1)
- Haubenmethode (1)
- Hausdorff-Dimension (1)
- Hausratte (1)
- Hausschwein (1)
- Haut (1)
- Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (1)
- Head injury (1)
- Health behavior (1)
- Health care costs (1)
- Health care system (1)
- Health claims data (1)
- Health economic research (1)
- Health outcomes (1)
- Health service research (1)
- Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (1)
- Healthcare (1)
- Healthcare use (1)
- Heart (1)
- Heart Failure (1)
- Heart arrest (1)
- Heart rate reduction (1)
- Heart-liver axis (1)
- Hearts (1)
- Heat flux (1)
- Heat load (1)
- Heat shock protein 27 (1)
- Heat-flux (1)
- Heatwave (1)
- Heavy metals (1)
- Hebammen (1)
- Hefe (1)
- Heilige (1)
- Held (1)
- Helden (1)
- Help-seeking (1)
- Helplessness (1)
- Hemagglutinin (1)
- Hemerobiidae (1)
- Hemifacial spesm (1)
- Hemispasmus Facialis (1)
- Hemolysis (1)
- Hemolytic anemia (1)
- Henipavirus (1)
- Henrik Ibsen (1)
- HepG2 (1)
- Heparin-induzierte Thrombozytopenie (1)
- Hepatitis C virus (1)
- Hepatitis E Virus (1)
- Hepatitis-E-Virus , Polymerase-Kettenreaktion , Microarray , West-Nil-Virus , Flaviviren , RNS-Viren , Genotypisierung (1)
- Hepatotoxicity (1)
- Herbivor (1)
- Hereditary chronic pancreatitis (1)
- Heritability (1)
- Heritabilität (1)
- Herpesvirus suis (1)
- Herz (1)
- Herzchirurgie (1)
- Herzen (1)
- Herzinsuffizienz (1)
- Herzstillstand (1)
- Heterocycle synthesis (1)
- Heterocycles (1)
- Heterocyclische Verbindungen (1)
- Heteroplasmy (1)
- Heterostructures (1)
- Heterostrukturen (1)
- Hexenverfolgung (1)
- Hexerei (1)
- HiPIMS (1)
- Hibernation phenology (1)
- Hibernation timing (1)
- High-Dimensional Data (1)
- High-Precision Mass Spectrometry (1)
- High-Temperature (1)
- High-risk clonal lineages (1)
- High-throughput Sequencing (1)
- High-throughput assay (1)
- High-throughput screening (1)
- High-throughput sequencing (1)
- Highest density regions (1)
- Highly porous structure (1)
- Himalayan Silver Fir (<i>Abies spectabilis</i>), Nepal Himalaya (1)
- Hippocampal network integrity (1)
- Hippocampus (1)
- Hippokampus (1)
- Hirninfarkt (1)
- Hirnrinde (1)
- Hirnstimulation (1)
- Hirudin-like factors (1)
- Hirudinaria manillensis (1)
- Hirudin‐like factors (1)
- Hispaniola (1)
- Histamine (1)
- Histidin (1)
- Histidinphosphorylierung (1)
- Histogramm (1)
- Histogramm-Konstruktion (1)
- Histogramme (1)
- Histological examinations (1)
- Histone deacetylase inhibitor (1)
- Hitzeschockproteine (1)
- Hoch Performanz (1)
- Hoch-dimensionale Daten (1)
- Hochdurchsatz (1)
- Hochfrequenzentladung (1)
- Hochfrequenzplasma / Plasmadynamik / Interferometrie / Photodetachment / Sauerstoff Plasma (1)
- Hochland von Tibet (1)
- Hochmoor (1)
- Holarctic distribution (1)
- Holocene climate change (1)
- Holocene sediment (1)
- Homing (1)
- Hopf bundle (1)
- Hopf-Algebra (1)
- Hopfbündel (1)
- Hordeum vulgare (1)
- Horizon 2020 (1)
- Hospitalismus <Hygiene> (1)
- Host Pathogen Interactions (1)
- Host range (1)
- Host specificity (1)
- Hot plasma (1)
- Hue (1)
- Human (1)
- Human interleukin-1β (1)
- Human papilloma virus (1)
- Human thrombospondin-1 (1)
- Humanbiologie (1)
- Humangenetik (1)
- Hutchinson Operator (1)
- Hutchinson-Operator (1)
- Hy (1)
- Hyaluronsäure (1)
- Hybläisches Bergland (1)
- Hybodontiformes (1)
- Hybrid ligand (1)
- Hybride stochastische Modelle (1)
- Hybridität (1)
- Hydrated Carbenes (1)
- Hydrocephalus (1)
- Hydrochemistry (1)
- Hydrocortison (1)
- Hydrogen sulphide (1)
- Hydrogenphosphate (1)
- Hydrogeologie (1)
- Hydrogeology (1)
- Hydrolasen (1)
- Hydroperoxyl (1)
- Hydrosun (1)
- Hydrothermal vent (1)
- Hydrothermalquelle (1)
- Hydroxylradikale (1)
- Hydroxysteroid-Dehydrogenasen (1)
- Hydroxytyrosol (1)
- Hypernephrom (1)
- Hyperoxie (1)
- Hyperthyreose (1)
- Hyperthyroidism (1)
- Hyperventilation (1)
- Hypochlorite (1)
- Hypochlorous acid (1)
- Hypoglycemia (1)
- Hypomineralisation (1)
- Hypoxie (1)
- Hysteresis (1)
- Hämoglobin (1)
- IADL (1)
- ICER (1)
- ICU‐acquired weakness (1)
- IDD in pregnant women (1)
- IDO (1)
- IDO1 (1)
- IL-15 (1)
- IL-18 (1)
- IL-6 (1)
- IL10 (1)
- ILC (1)
- IQ (1)
- IR-TDLAS (1)
- IR-induced variants (1)
- IS<i>Kpn74</i> (1)
- ISOLDE/CERN (1)
- ISOLTRAP (1)
- ISP (1)
- IT infrastructure (1)
- IVIG (1)
- Ibbenbüren (1)
- Ibbenbüren anthracite coal mine (1)
- Identifikation (1)
- Ideologische Veränderung (1)
- Ideology (1)
- Idiopathic duct-centric pancreatitis (1)
- IgG (1)
- IgG4 (1)
- IgM (1)
- Ilastik (1)
- Ili River delta (1)
- Illit (1)
- Illit/Smektit (1)
- Illite (1)
- Illite morphology (1)
- Illumina (1)
- Illumina-Hochdurchsatz-Sequenzierung (1)
- Image Classification (1)
- Image macros (1)
- Imaging features (1)
- Imbalancierte Daten (1)
- Imhoff sedimentation cones (1)
- Immature mating (1)
- Immediate and postponed effects (1)
- Immediate dental implant loading (1)
- Immobilization (1)
- Immunbiologie (1)
- Immuncytochemie (1)
- Immune dysfunction (1)
- Immune modulation (1)
- Immunity (1)
- Immunkomplex (1)
- Immunoadsorption (1)
- Immunoadsorptionstherapie (1)
- Immunoblot (1)
- Immunocompetent mice (1)
- Immunogenicity (1)
- Immunometabolism (1)
- Immunoprotemics (1)
- Immunosuppression (1)
- Immunreaktion (1)
- Immunstimulation (1)
- Implant surface (1)
- Imprinting (1)
- Imunoadsorption therapy (1)
- In situ product recovery (1)
- In vivo imaging (1)
- In vivo laser scanning microscopy (1)
- In vivo-Kompetitionsexperimente (1)
- In-Host Modeling (1)
- In-office aligner (1)
- In-situ Measurements (1)
- In-situ-Messungen (1)
- In-vitro (1)
- Inactivation (1)
- Inanspruchnahme (1)
- Inanspruchnahmemotivation (1)
- IncI1 (1)
- IncN (1)
- Incapacity to work (1)
- Incidental findings (1)
- Incompatibilism (1)
- Increasing vertical dimension (1)
- Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (1)
- Indications (1)
- Indicator Kriging (1)
- Indigenes Wissen (1)
- Indigenous fiction (1)
- Indigenous knowledge (1)
- Indigenous knowledges (1)
- Indikator-Kriging (1)
- Individual phenotype (1)
- Indocyanine green videoangiography (1)
- Indonesia (1)
- Indonesian marine fungi (1)
- Indonesien (1)
- Industrial biocatalysis (1)
- Infant (1)
- Infected necrosis (1)
- Infection control (1)
- Inferior vena cava (1)
- Infinite Dimensional Geometry (1)
- Inflammasome (1)
- Inflammation-induced muscle atrophy (1)
- Inflammatory biomarkers (1)
- Influenza virus (1)
- Influenzaviren (1)
- Information (1)
- Informationsabhängigkeit (1)
- Informationstheorie (1)
- Informationsvisualisierung (1)
- Informed Consent (1)
- Informeller Sektor (1)
- Infrarot (1)
- Infrarotabsorption (1)
- Inhibition (1)
- Initially deferred donors (1)
- Inklusive Politik (1)
- Innate immunity (1)
- Innere Energie (1)
- Innerwurfvarianz (1)
- Innovation (1)
- Innovationpolitik (1)
- Innovationspolitik (1)
- Inpatient cancer care (1)
- Insekten (1)
- Inselzelltransplantation (1)
- Institutional Analysis (1)
- Institutionalisierung (1)
- Institutionenökonomie (1)
- Instrumentation for FEL (1)
- Instrumentation for radioactive beams (fragmentation devices, fragment and isotope, separators incl. ISOL, isobar separators, ion and atom traps, weak-beam diagnostics, radioactive-beam ion sources) (1)
- Instrumentenentwicklung (1)
- Insulin signaling (1)
- Insulin-like Growth Factor I (1)
- Integer Linear Program (1)
- Integrierte Soziale Sicherung (1)
- Integrin (1)
- Integrin αIIbβ3 (1)
- Integrin αiibβ3 (1)
- Integrins (1)
- Intellectual disability (1)
- Intelligenz (1)
- Intelligenzminderung (1)
- Interaction specificity (1)
- Interactions (1)
- Interactomes (1)
- Interaktion (1)
- Interaktionsfläche (1)
- Interdentalbürstchen (1)
- Interdentalreinigung (1)
- Interdisciplinarity (1)
- Interesse (1)
- Interfaces (1)
- Interferons (1)
- Interglazial (1)
- Interkulturalität (1)
- Interleukin-1 (1)
- Interleukin-37 (1)
- Interleukin-4 (1)
- Interleukin-6 (1)
- Internalisierung <Molekularbiologie> (1)
- International (1)
- Internet (1)
- Internet addiction (1)
- Internet memes (1)
- Internet survey (1)
- Interoception (1)
- Interpretability (1)
- Interpretable Machine Learning (1)
- Interstadial (1)
- Interviews (1)
- Intracellular localization (1)
- Intracerebral haemorrhage (1)
- Intraductal lesion (1)
- Intraklassenkorrelation (1)
- Intrastate conflicts (1)
- Intraventricular hemorrhage (1)
- Invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing (1)
- Inzucht (1)
- Inzuchtdepression (1)
- Iodine deficiency disorders (1)
- Iodine status (1)
- Iodophors (1)
- Ion Thruster (1)
- Ion Torrent (1)
- Ion Traps (1)
- Ion insertion (1)
- Ion pumps (1)
- Ion thrusters (1)
- Ion traps (1)
- Ion-sensitive electrodes (ISE) (1)
- Ionenbeschuss (1)
- Ionenfallen (1)
- Ionenstrahlfalle (1)
- Ionentriebwerk (1)
- Ionthruster (1)
- Irbesartan (1)
- Ireland (1)
- Irland (1)
- Iron limitation (1)
- Ischaemic stroke (1)
- Ischämie (1)
- Ischämie-Reperfusions-Schaden (1)
- Ischämischer Insult (1)
- Islets of Langerhans (1)
- Isoflavone (1)
- Isoflavones (1)
- Isomer (1)
- Isomerisierungsreaktion (1)
- Isopropylamine (1)
- Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (1)
- Isotop (1)
- Isotopenmarkierung (1)
- Ispra / Space Applications I (1)
- Ispra / Space Applications Institute (1)
- Iterated Function System (1)
- Iteriertes Funktionensystem (1)
- Ivabradine (1)
- JAK2V617F (1)
- Jamaika (1)
- Jasmund (1)
- Jet ventilation (1)
- Jewish apocalypticism (1)
- Joachim Lelewel (1)
- Journal (1)
- Juliusz Slowacki (1)
- Juniperus communis (1)
- Junín virus (1)
- Jurassic (1)
- K-ras (1)
- KCNJ11 (1)
- KHVD (1)
- KIDSCREEN-10 (1)
- KIR mismatch (1)
- KIR/HLA mismatch (1)
- KMT2A-rearranged AML (1)
- KRAS (1)
- KREC (1)
- KV7 (1)
- KYNA (1)
- KYSE 70 (1)
- Kalorimetrie (1)
- Kaltzeit (1)
- Kalziumsignale (1)
- Kaninchen (1)
- Kannenpflanze (1)
- Kaolinite melting (1)
- Kardiovaskuläre Krankheit (1)
- Karibik (1)
- Karibik <Nordwest> (1)
- Karibische Flutbasaltprovinz (1)
- Kariesinfiltration (1)
- Kariesinzidenz (1)
- Kariesprävention (1)
- Kaskade (1)
- Kaspisches Meer (1)
- Kathode (1)
- Kausalität (1)
- Kazal inhibitor (1)
- Keeling Analysis (1)
- Keratinozyt (1)
- Kerivoula (1)
- Kernhülle (1)
- Kernspintomographie (1)
- Kerr microscopy (1)
- Ketamin (1)
- Ketene (1)
- Ketoreduktase (1)
- Keuschheitsgürtel (1)
- Kidney disease (1)
- Kieferorthopädie (1)
- Kimmeridgian (1)
- Kinderheilkunde (1)
- Kinderzahnheilkunde (1)
- Kinetic Transport Theory (1)
- Kinetic simulation (1)
- Kinetics (1)
- Kinetische Energie (1)
- Kinetische Gastheorie (1)
- Kinetische Theorie (1)
- Kinetische Transporttheorie (1)
- Kip1 (1)
- Klassifikation (1)
- Kleine Hufeisennase (1)
- Kleinkinder (1)
- Klimaanpassung (1)
- Klimaschutz (1)
- Klinische Pharmakologie (1)
- Klinische Psychologie (1)
- Klinischer Behandlungspfad (1)
- Klinisches Experimen (1)
- Klonales Wachstum (1)
- Kluster-Kriging (1)
- Knochenverlust (1)
- Knoevenagel ligation (1)
- Kognitive Ergonomie (1)
- Kognitive Kontrolle (1)
- Kohle (1)
- Kohlenbergwerk (1)
- Kohlendioxid (1)
- Koi (1)
- Kolbe reaction (1)
- Kolonisierung (1)
- Kommensale (1)
- Kompetenz (1)
- Komplement (1)
- Komplexität (1)
- Komponentenanalyse (1)
- Kompression (1)
- Konditionierung (1)
- Kondo effect (1)
- Konfliktregelung (1)
- Konformation (1)
- Konformationsänderungen (1)
- Kongestive Herzmuskelkrankheit (1)
- Konsumentenkultur; Anticipated regret; Variety-seeking; Quality-consciousness; Deutschland; Iran (1)
- Kontaktmodell (1)
- Kontaktwinkel (1)
- Kontraktion (1)
- Kontrolle (1)
- Korrespondenzprinzip (1)
- Korrosion (1)
- Korrosionselektrochemische Verhalten (1)
- Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse (1)
- Kostenanalyse (1)
- Kotensorfunktor (1)
- Kraftmikroskopie (1)
- Krankenhausmangement (1)
- Krankenpfleger (1)
- Krankenschwester (1)
- Krankheiten (1)
- Krankheitskosten (1)
- Kriging (1)
- Krisenmanagement (1)
- Kuba (1)
- Kultivierung (1)
- Kulturbedingungen (1)
- Kunststoff (1)
- Kv 7.2/3 channel activators (1)
- Kv1.3 potassium channel (1)
- Kv7.2/7.3 (1)
- Kältestress (1)
- Körperliche Aktivität (1)
- Körperliche Aktivität , Sitzen , Prävention , Fitness , Metabolisches Syndrom , Reaktivität , Kardiovaskuläre Krankheit , Messung (1)
- Künstliche Intelligenz (1)
- K−12 teachers (1)
- L-SNEDDS (1)
- L-type Ca (1)
- LA-, HA-MRSA (1)
- LAG-3 (1)
- LAMS (1)
- LAVH (1)
- LCA (1)
- LDL (1)
- LE/LC phase transition (1)
- LIPSS (1)
- LMO1 (1)
- LMP (1)
- LMP2 (1)
- LMP7 (1)
- LNCaP (1)
- LPJ (1)
- LPS (1)
- LPXTG (1)
- LSR (1)
- LUCC (1)
- Label-free quantification (1)
- Labelingproblem (1)
- Labor market intermediary (1)
- Laboratory experiment (1)
- Laboratory procedures (1)
- Laborexperiment (1)
- Laccase (1)
- Lackporlinge (1)
- Lactate (1)
- Ladder of Jacob (1)
- Ladungsdichtewelle (1)
- Ladungstransfer (1)
- Lagrangian Relaxation (1)
- Lagrangian stochastic model (1)
- Lake-level variation (1)
- Lakes (1)
- Lakustrisches Sediment (1)
- Laminar flows (1)
- Laminopathie (1)
- Land art (1)
- Land cover change (1)
- Land mapping unit (1)
- Land potential productivity assessment (1)
- Land suitability evaluation (1)
- Landbedeckungsänderung (1)
- Landeignungsbewertung (1)
- Lander Experiment (1)
- Landformanalyse (1)
- Landkartierungseinheit (1)
- Landpotenzialproduktivität (1)
- Landsat Time series analysis (1)
- Landscape (1)
- Landscape Ecology (1)
- Landscape Metrics (1)
- Landscape Monitoring (1)
- Landschaftsdynamik (1)
- Landschaftsmonitoring (1)
- Landschaftsstruktur (1)
- Landschaftsstrukturanalyse (1)
- Landschaftsökologie (1)
- Landslide hazard assessment (1)
- Langerhans-Inseln (1)
- Langmuir Monolayers (1)
- Langmuir probe (1)
- Langmuir probe diagnostics (1)
- Langmuir-Blodgett and Schaefer techniques (1)
- Langmuir-Sonde (1)
- Language evolution (1)
- Larvalentwicklung (1)
- Laser Line Scanning (1)
- Laser spectroscopy (1)
- Laser-Cluster-Wechselwirkung (1)
- Laser-cluster interaction (1)
- Laser-induced fluoresence (LIF) (1)
- Laserheizung (1)
- Late Jurassic (1)
- Late Pleistocene (1)
- Late-Holocene (1)
- Latent Structure (1)
- Latenz (1)
- Lateral flow (1)
- Latin America (1)
- Latvia (1)
- Laurence Sterne (1)
- Layer height (1)
- Least-squares method (1)
- Lebendmarker-Vakzine (1)
- Lebendzellmikroskopie (1)
- Lebensdauer (1)
- Lebensgeschichte (1)
- Lebensqualität (1)
- Lebensraum (1)
- Lebenswissenschaften (1)
- Left ventricular geometry and function (1)
- Left ventricular hypertrophy (1)
- Left ventricular mass (1)
- Left–right dimension (1)
- Legal requirements (1)
- Legionella (1)
- Legionellen (1)
- Lehrmittel (1)
- Leichte kognitive Beeinträchtigung (1)
- Lemniscatic domain (1)
- Lemnoideae (1)
- Lenticule extraction (1)
- LepB (1)
- Leptin (1)
- Leptospira spp. (1)
- Leptospiren (1)
- Level-Set-Methode (1)
- Lexicometric analyses (1)
- LiDAR (1)
- Lichtscheibenmikroskopie (1)
- Life Cycle Assessment (1)
- Life course (1)
- Life sciences (1)
- Life support care (1)
- Ligand (1)
- Ligand-Ligand Cooperativity (1)
- Ligation-mediated PCR (1)
- Light (1)
- Light-level geolocation (1)
- Likelihood-Quotienten-Test (1)
- Limnologie (1)
- Linear Elasticity (1)
- Linker (1)
- Liparische Inseln (1)
- Lipid Modification (1)
- Lipid metabolism (1)
- Lipid monolayers (1)
- Lipid-Monoschichten (1)
- Lipid-Oxidation (1)
- Lipidomics (1)
- Lipolysis (1)
- Lipoprotein particles (1)
- Lipoprotein subclasses (1)
- Lipoproteins (1)
- Liquid chromatography (1)
- Listeria monocytogenes (1)
- Litauen (1)
- Literary Families (1)
- Literatur (1)
- Literaturwissenschaft (1)
- Literaturwissenschaften (1)
- Lithocholsäure (1)
- Lithofazies (1)
- Lithuania (1)
- Little Ice Age (1)
- LiveCity (1)
- Liver (1)
- Liver volume (1)
- Lloviu virus (1)
- Lockdown (1)
- Logical truth (1)
- Logistische Regression (1)
- Long-COVID (1)
- Longevity (1)
- Lord's Resistance Army (1)
- Loudness scaling (1)
- Low temperature plasma (1)
- Low-value medication (1)
- Lower Toarcian (1)
- Luftgewehr (1)
- Luftleuchten (1)
- Luftröhre (1)
- Lumineszenz-Datierung (1)
- Lumpy Skin Disease virus (1)
- Lung epithelium (1)
- Lunge (1)
- Lungenfunktion (1)
- Lungenvolumen (1)
- Lycaena tityrus (1)
- Lymphoblastic leukaemia (1)
- Lymphocyte (1)
- Lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis (1)
- Lyssaviren (1)
- Lyssavirus (1)
- Längsschnittuntersuchung (1)
- Lévy processes (1)
- Lévy-Prozess (1)
- Lévy-prozess (1)
- Löslichkeit (1)
- Lösungsmittel (1)
- L–H transition (1)
- M protein (1)
- M1 macrophage (1)
- M2 macrophage (1)
- M2 macrophages (1)
- MAB (1)
- MALDI-MS (1)
- MALDI-TOF (1)
- MALDI-TOF MS (1)
- MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (1)
- MAR (1)
- MCI (1)
- MCMC (1)
- MCP-1 (1)
- MDD (1)
- MDR (1)
- MDRE (1)
- MDRO (1)
- MDSC (myeloid-derived suppressor cell) (1)
- MDSCs (1)
- MECL-1 (1)
- MENTAL HEALTH (1)
- MF (1)
- MG-63 (1)
- MHC (1)
- MHC class I (1)
- MHI (1)
- MICAL (1)
- MIH (1)
- MIMIC model (1)
- MIR-Spektroskopie (1)
- MKL1 (1)
- MLST 5 (1)
- MMP-9 (1)
- MMP2 (1)
- MNAR (1)
- MNT-1 (1)
- MODIS (1)
- MODS (1)
- MPN (1)
- MRG (1)
- MRI study (1)
- MRI targeted prostate biopsy (1)
- MRI-proton-density-fat-fraction (PDFF) (1)
- MRP3 (1)
- MRSA - Methicillin-resistant (1)
- MRTF (1)
- MRZ reaction (1)
- MS (1)
- MSCRAMM (1)
- MSCRAMMS (1)
- MSFD (1)
- MSSA (1)
- MTIP planning (1)
- MX80-bentonit (1)
- MX80-bentonite (1)
- Machtteilungsregierungen (1)
- Macrococcus (1)
- Madagascar (1)
- Madagaskar (1)
- Madden-Julian Oscillation (1)
- Magen-Darm-Trakt (1)
- Magnetfelddiagnostik (1)
- Magnetic edge properties (1)
- Magnetic field diagnostics (1)
- Magnetic fields (1)
- Magnetic reconnection (1)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- Magnetische Rekonnektion (1)
- Magnetischer Einschluss (1)
- Magnetischer Sensor (1)
- Magnetismus (1)
- Magnetized (1)
- Magnetresonanzbilder (1)
- Magnetron sputtering (1)
- Majoritarian electoral systems (1)
- Malaria (1)
- Male genitalia (1)
- Malignant transformation (1)
- Mammography (1)
- Mandibular advancement device (1)
- Mangan (1)
- Manifestos (1)
- MarR-type regulator (1)
- Marangoni flow (1)
- Marine Habitat Mapping (1)
- Marine Habitatkartierung (1)
- Marine polysaccharide (1)
- Marketing (1)
- Markierungswiederherstellung (1)
- Markov-Kette (1)
- Marmoset (1)
- Martin Rowson (1)
- Mas Rezeptor (1)
- Mass Specrtometry (1)
- Mass spectrometers (1)
- Massive Analysis of cDNA Ends (MACE) (1)
- Master-Gleichung (1)
- Mastication (1)
- Matched cohortstudy (1)
- Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity (1)
- Maternal pre-pregnancy underweight (1)
- Mathematical Phylogenetic (1)
- Mathematical Phylogenetics (1)
- Mathematical bioscience (1)
- Mathematical modeling (1)
- Mathematik (1)
- Mathematische Modellierung (1)
- Mathematische Phylogenetik (1)
- Matrix (1)
- Maßanalyse (1)
- McsB arginine kinase (1)
- Measurement (1)
- Measurement error (1)
- Measuring techniques (1)
- Mechanical properties (1)
- Mechanical stress (1)
- Mechanik (1)
- Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (1)
- Medial patella maltracking (1)
- Mediation (1)
- Mediation analysis (1)
- Medical data management (1)
- Medical device (1)
- Medical treatment (1)
- Medically unknown symptoms (1)
- Medicinal leeches (1)
- Medienbildung (1)
- Mediennutzungsethik (1)
- Medieval Climate Anomaly (1)
- Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) (1)
- Mediterran (1)
- Medizin (1)
- Medizinethik (1)
- Medizinische Mikrobiologie (1)
- Medizinoekonomie (1)
- Meerespilze (1)
- Meeresspiegel (1)
- Mehrfach negativ geladene (1)
- Mehrheitswahl (1)
- Mehrsprachigkeit (1)
- Melioidosis (1)
- Membrane (1)
- Membrane proteins (1)
- Membranfusion (1)
- Membranproteine (1)
- Memorandum (1)
- Memory (1)
- Memory Studies (1)
- Memory T cell (1)
- Memory function (1)
- Mendelian Randomization Analysis (1)
- Mendelian randomization (1)
- Menschen mit Demenz (1)
- Mental Pain Questionnaire (1)
- Mental health problems (1)
- Mental pain (1)
- Mental problems (1)
- Mental strain (1)
- Mental stress (1)
- Mental workload (1)
- Mentale Beanspruchung (1)
- Mercury compounds (1)
- Mergers and Acquisitions (1)
- Metabarcoding (1)
- Metabolic myopathy (1)
- Metabolic reprogramming (1)
- Metabolic syndrome (1)
- Metabolism (1)
- Metabolome (1)
- Metabolomik (1)
- Metadata standard (1)
- Metakaolin (1)
- Metall-Isolator-Phasenumwandlung (1)
- Metallkomplexe (1)
- Metallomics (1)
- Metanalysis (1)
- Metastasis (1)
- Meteorologische Messung (1)
- Methicillin-resistant (1)
- Method-comparison studies (1)
- Methylation (1)
- Methylierung (1)
- Methyltransferase (1)
- Mexico (1)
- Mexiko (1)
- MgsR activity (1)
- MgsR degradation (1)
- Mhealth (1)
- MiD51 (1)
- Mice (1)
- Michaelis–Menten function (1)
- Micro-computed X-ray tomography (1)
- MicroRNAs (1)
- Microarrays (1)
- Microbial ecology (1)
- Microbial electrochemistry (1)
- Microbiology (1)
- Microfluidic devices (1)
- Microfluidics (1)
- Microgravity (1)
- Micromorphology (1)
- Microsatellites (1)
- Microsurgery (1)
- Microtus (1)
- Microwave interferometry / Electron density / Laserphotodetachment (1)
- Mid-IR absorption spectroscopy (1)
- Middle East (1)
- MidiPLexc (1)
- Midwives (1)
- Migraine (1)
- Migrant labor regime (1)
- Mikroalgen (1)
- Mikrobiom (1)
- Mikrofluidik , Mechanik , Zelle , Holographie , Hologramm , Deformation , Biomedizin , Bluttransfusion , Cytometrie , Viskoelastizität (1)
- Mikrosatelliten (1)
- Mikrostandort (1)
- Mikrostruktur (1)
- Mikrostrukturelle Analyse (1)
- Milchzahn (1)
- Milos (1)
- MimiCol (1)
- MimiCol3 (1)
- Mine drainage (1)
- Mineral (1)
- Mini-implant (1)
- Minigenome system (1)
- Minimal adhesive restorations (1)
- Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgeries (1)
- Minimally invasive diagnostics (1)
- Miniopterus (1)
- Miniprot (1)
- Minkowski-Metrik (1)
- Mire (1)
- Misserfolg (1)
- Missing and filled teeth index (1)
- Mitigation (1)
- Mitochondrial pseudogenes (1)
- Mitochondriopathy (1)
- Mitteleuropa (1)
- Mixed electoral systems (1)
- Mixed methods (1)
- MoCo (1)
- Mobility (1)
- Model Membranes (1)
- Model selection (1)
- Modeling Infection (1)
- Modeling Tryptophan-Metabolism (1)
- Modeling in Pigs (1)
- Modeling of Infectious Diseases (1)
- Modeling of immune response (1)
- Modeling of infectious diseases (1)
- Modell (1)
- Modellbildung (1)
- Modelle der Verhaltensänderung (1)
- Modellierung , Hepatitis-C-Virus , Denguefieber , Enteroviren , Infektionskrankheit , Immunreaktion , Mathematische Modellierung , Viren (1)
- Moden (1)
- Modendynamik (1)
- Modenübergang (1)
- Molar incisor hypomineralization (1)
- Molar-Incisor-Hypomineralisation (1)
- Moldawien (1)
- Moldova (1)
- Molecular Dynamics (1)
- Molecular Kinetics (1)
- Molecular Modeling (1)
- Molecular Modelling (1)
- Molecular dynamics simulation (1)
- Molecular genetics (1)
- Molecular modelling (1)
- Molekularbiologie, Genotypisierung, Genetische Diversität (1)
- Moleküldynamik (1)
- Molekülkinetik (1)
- Mollusca (1)
- Molybdenum Cofactor (1)
- Molybdenum mediated pentathiepin synthesis (1)
- Molybdän (1)
- Money laundering (1)
- Mongolei (1)
- Mongolischer Altai (1)
- Monitoring IDD (1)
- Monoidale Kategorie (1)
- Monopolisierung (1)
- Monoschicht (1)
- Monozyt (1)
- Monte Carlo (1)
- Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) (1)
- Mood (1)
- Mood regulation (1)
- Moore (1)
- Moral responsibility (1)
- Morphometrie (1)
- Mortality (1)
- Mortalität (1)
- Mosaicism (1)
- Mother-child disagreement (1)
- Mountain forests (1)
- Mouse cell lines (1)
- Mouse model (1)
- Movement (1)
- Mt. Simon Sandstone (1)
- MuRF (1)
- Multi-criteria decision analysis (1)
- Multi-level perspective (1)
- Multi-omics (1)
- Multibeam Echosounder (1)
- Multimodel inference (1)
- Multimorbidität (1)
- Multinationales Unternehmen (1)
- Multiparametric MRI (1)
- Multiple Sklerose (1)
- Multiply connected domain (1)
- Multischicht (1)
- Multisurface cavities (1)
- Multivariate analysis (1)
- Multivariate model (1)
- Murine (1)
- Muschelkrebse (1)
- Muscle atrophy (1)
- Muscle-Specific RING finger protein (1)
- Muscular dystrophy (1)
- Music Video Analysis (1)
- Musikvideo (1)
- Musikvideo-Analyse (1)
- Muskelkrankheit (1)
- Mustererkennung (1)
- Mutation (1)
- Mutational analysis (1)
- Mycobacterium neoaurum (1)
- Mycobiome (1)
- Myelofibrosis (1)
- Myeloproliferative neoplasia (1)
- Mykose (1)
- Myocardial infarction (1)
- Myodes glareolus (1)
- Myogenese (1)
- Myogenic differentiation (1)
- Myotis bechsteinii (1)
- Myricaria germanica (1)
- Myxomycete (1)
- Myxopyronin B (1)
- Männliche Sexualpheromone (1)
- Mäuse (1)
- N incorporation (1)
- N-Acyl-L-Homoserinlakton (1)
- N-heterocyclic carbenes (1)
- N-heterocyclic olefins (1)
- N34S (1)
- NADPH oxidase (1)
- NADPH oxidases (NOX) (1)
- NAKO (1)
- NAO (1)
- NBI (1)
- NEXT (1)
- NF-Y (1)
- NF-kappaB Signalweg (1)
- NF-kappaB pathway (1)
- NF-κB signal transduction pathway (1)
- NFκB (1)
- NF‐κB (1)
- NGF (nerve growth factor) (1)
- NK cells (1)
- NLRP1 (1)
- NLRP3 (1)
- NLRP3 inflammasome (1)
- NMR (1)
- NMR metabolomics (1)
- NMR-Tomographie (1)
- NN414 (1)
- NOD Maus (1)
- NOD mouse (1)
- NOD-like receptors (1)
- NOD‐like receptors (1)
- NP-completeness (1)
- NR3C1 (1)
- NS1 (1)
- NSC59984 (1)
- NSCLC (1)
- NSs protein (1)
- NT‐proBNP (1)
- NUMTs (1)
- NXF1 (1)
- NZO mice (1)
- NaFl (1)
- Nachkomme (1)
- Nachkriegszeit (1)
- Nachstellungsszenarien (1)
- Nachtluftleuchten (1)
- Nadelbaum (1)
- Nagel <Anatomie> (1)
- Nagetiere (1)
- Nam Dinh Gebiet (1)
- Nam Dinh area (1)
- Namibia (1)
- Nanocluster (1)
- Nanokompositschichten (1)
- Nanopartikel (1)
- Nanoplasmamodell (1)
- Narkose (1)
- Narration of Afroditian (1)
- Narrative Framework (1)
- Nashörner (1)
- National survey (1)
- Nationale Minderheit (1)
- Nationalpark (1)
- Natterer’s bats (1)
- Natural history (1)
- Natural host (1)
- Nature conservation (1)
- Naturschutzgebiete (1)
- Nd:YAG (1)
- Necessity (1)
- Neck dissection (1)
- Negative ion (1)
- Negative pressure wound therapy with the instillation of antiseptics (1)
- Neoclassical transport (1)
- Neonatal outcome (1)
- Neonates (1)
- Neotropics (1)
- Nepenthes (1)
- Nephrologie (1)
- Nephrology (1)
- Nephrology referral (1)
- Nephropathy (1)
- Nerve cells (1)
- Nervendegeneration (1)
- Nervensystem (1)
- Nervous system (1)
- Network (1)
- Netz (1)
- Neue Medien (1)
- Neukaledonien (1)
- Neuralnetz (1)
- Neurobiologie (1)
- Neurobiology (1)
- Neuroblastom (1)
- Neuroblastoma (1)
- Neurochirurgie (1)
- Neurodevelopmental disorder (1)
- Neurodevelopmental outcome (1)
- Neuroendocrine tumors (1)
- Neurogenese (1)
- Neuroinflammation (1)
- Neurologie (1)
- Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (1)
- Neuron (1)
- Neuronal plasticity (1)
- Neuropathology (1)
- Neuroradiologie (1)
- Neurorehabilitation (1)
- Neurorehabilitation; Schlaganfall; Alterung; Tiermodell (1)
- Neurosurgery (1)
- Neutral Beam Injection (1)
- Neutralisation (1)
- Neutralization (1)
- Neutrino (1)
- Neutron scattering (1)
- Neutronenbeugung (1)
- Neutronenstern (1)
- Neutrophil extracellular traps (1)
- Neutrophiler Granulozyt (1)
- New Parties (1)
- New Zealand coals (1)
- Next-Generation Sequencing (1)
- Nicht-Schädigung (1)
- Nichtalkoholische Fettleberhepatitis (1)
- Nichtgleichgewicht (1)
- Nichtlineare Dynamik (1)
- Nichtlineares dynamisches System (1)
- Nickel catalysts (1)
- Nickelkatalysator (1)
- Niederdruckplasma (1)
- Niedertemperatur-Plasma (1)
- Niemann–Pick disease type C1 (1)
- Nightmares (1)
- Nitrate (1)
- Nnucleophilic substitution (1)
- Nocardia cyriacigeorgica (1)
- Non-Innocence Ligands (1)
- Non-enveloped viruses (1)
- Non-restorative caries treatment (1)
- Non-small cell lung cancer (1)
- Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (1)
- Non-surgical periodontal therapy (1)
- Non-thermal plasma (1)
- Noncovalent Interactions (1)
- Nonoperative (1)
- Nonoperative caries management (1)
- NorA (1)
- Nord Jasmund Fault (1)
- Nordamerika (1)
- Nordatlantik-Oszillation (1)
- Nordsee (1)
- Nordsee <Süd> (1)
- Nordvietnam (1)
- Normal phenotype (1)
- Normierung (1)
- Norms (1)
- North Atlantic Oscillation (1)
- North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) (1)
- Northeast German Plain (1)
- Northesstern Iibetan Plateau (1)
- Notarzt (1)
- Notfall (1)
- Notfallmedizin (1)
- Nox4 (1)
- Nrf2-sinaling (1)
- Nuclear Structure (1)
- Nuclear export (1)
- Nuclear fusion (1)
- Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1)
- Nucleocapsid protein (1)
- Nucleoprotein (1)
- Nucleoside modification and labeling (1)
- Nukleocapsid (1)
- Nukleosynthese (1)
- Numerical modelling (1)
- Nursing (1)
- Nutrient (1)
- Nutrition (1)
- Nutritional risk factors (1)
- Nutzen (1)
- Nutzwälder (1)
- Nycteribiidae (1)
- OAT (1)
- OAT Reaction (1)
- OATP (1)
- OCT1 Effects (1)
- ODEs (1)
- OGR1 (1)
- OHCA (1)
- OLR-based MJO Index (1)
- OMI (1)
- OMOP (1)
- OMV (1)
- ONX-0914 (1)
- OSA (1)
- OSAS (1)
- OSL (1)
- Oberfläche (1)
- Oberflächendatierung (1)
- Oberflächenkräfte (1)
- Oberflächenladungen (1)
- Oberflächenplasmonresonanz (1)
- Oberflächenstöße (1)
- Objekterkennung (1)
- Objektivität (1)
- Observational study (1)
- Obstructive sleep apnea (1)
- Occupational dentistry (1)
- Octenidine (1)
- Octenidine dihydrochlorid (1)
- Octenidol® md (1)
- Ocular perfusion pressure (1)
- Ocular tonometry (1)
- Offspring overweight (1)
- Offspring’s development (1)
- Offspring’s health (1)
- Offspring’s social behavior (1)
- Okklusionsstörung (1)
- OleP (1)
- Oligomerisation (1)
- Oligonucleotides (1)
- Oligonukleotid Konjugate (1)
- Olive mill wastewaters valorization (1)
- Omega-3 fatty acids (1)
- Omicron (1)
- Omnilog (1)
- Oncology (1)
- One‐pot reaction (1)
- Onkologie (1)
- Online communication (1)
- Ontology (1)
- Operante Konditionierung (1)
- Operation (1)
- Operational stability (1)
- Optimal Control (1)
- Optimale Kontrolle (1)
- Optimierung (1)
- Optisch active Dithiolene (1)
- Optische Fernerkundung (1)
- Optisches Messgerät (1)
- Optokinetischer Nystagmus (1)
- Opuntia ficus-indica (1)
- Oral Health promotion (1)
- Oral Vaccine (1)
- Oral health (1)
- Oral health, Cerebral palsy, Children, Prevention (1)
- Oral hygiene (1)
- Oral vaccine (1)
- Orale Gesundheit (1)
- Orbital , Verletzung , Trauma , Computertomografie , Bruch , Sehnerv (1)
- Orcokinin (1)
- Ordinal regression (1)
- Organic Matter (1)
- Organic soil (1)
- Organischer Kationentransporter (1)
- Organischer Stoff (1)
- Organisches Lösungsmittel (1)
- Organversagen (1)
- Oribatiden (1)
- Oriente (1)
- Ornithochorie (1)
- Ornithochory (1)
- Orthobunyaviren (1)
- Orthotopic murine model (1)
- Osmostress (1)
- Ostdeutschland (1)
- Osteoporose (1)
- Ostracodes (1)
- Ostseeküste (Südwest) (1)
- Ostseeraum (1)
- Out of hospital cardiac arrest (1)
- Out-of-Hospital cardiac arrest (1)
- Out-of-pocket (1)
- Outbreak (1)
- Outbreak Preparedness (1)
- Outcomes (1)
- Outcomes research (1)
- Outlier Detection (1)
- Outlier-Erkennung (1)
- Ovarian cancer (1)
- Overproduction (1)
- Overview (1)
- Oxidation potential (1)
- Oxidative Stress (1)
- Oxidative burst (1)
- Oxidoreductase (1)
- Oxidoreductasen (1)
- Oxidoreductases (1)
- Oxidoreduktasen (1)
- Oxocarbonsäureester (1)
- Oxygen (1)
- Oxygen isotopes (1)
- Oxygen supply (1)
- P,O heterocycles (1)
- P,O ligands (1)
- P-Arylation (1)
- P-Glykoprotein (1)
- P-glycoprotein (1)
- P300 (1)
- P3M (1)
- P450 (1)
- P53 network (1)
- PA200 (1)
- PAEDIATRICS (1)
- PAI-1 RNA-binding protein 1 (1)
- PAM (1)
- PAO (1)
- PAR1 (1)
- PAβN (1)
- PC3 (1)
- PCA (1)
- PCLake (1)
- PCV7 (1)
- PDA6606 (1)
- PDADMA (1)
- PDE (1)
- PDF (1)
- PEF (1)
- PEG (1)
- PEI,PDADMA,PSS,surface forces,atomic force microscopy, colloidal probe (1)
- PET (1)
- PET Hydrolases (1)
- PETase activity (1)
- PETase-like enzymes (1)
- PHMB (1)
- PHMB adsorption (1)
- PHQ-9 (1)
- PI3K (1)
- PI3K/AKT pathway (1)
- PI3K/AKT/mTOR (1)
- PIC (1)
- PID (1)
- PIM1 kinase (1)
- PKD (1)
- PLK1 (1)
- PLK1 inhibitors (1)
- PLZF (1)
- POSIT (1)
- POSL (1)
- PPP syndrome (1)
- PRAAS (1)
- PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (1)
- PROMs (1)
- PRP (1)
- PRSS1 (1)
- PSD (1)
- PSMA5 (1)
- PSMB10 (1)
- PSME4 (1)
- PSS (1)
- PTMs (1)
- PTW (1)
- PUBLIC HEALTH (1)
- PWV (1)
- Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (1)
- Paediatric dentistry (1)
- Paediatric oncology (1)
- Palaearctic grassland (1)
- Paleoclimate (1)
- Palermo Berge (1)
- Palermo Mountains (1)
- Palladin (1)
- Palliative care (1)
- Palpimanoidea (1)
- Paludiculture (1)
- Paläontologie (1)
- Paläoozeanographie (1)
- Pan-lipoproteome analysis (1)
- Panc02 (1)
- Pancreatic Beta-Cell (1)
- Pancreatic cystic lesion (1)
- Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (1)
- Pancreatic surgery, complications (1)
- Pancreatic tumour (1)
- Pandemic (1)
- Panic disorder (1)
- Panik (1)
- Panikstörung (1)
- Paniksyndrom (1)
- Pantelleria (1)
- Panton-Valentin-Leukozidin (1)
- Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (1)
- Panton-Valentine leukocidin (1)
- Parallelstrom (1)
- Parenteral nutrition (1)
- Parenting (1)
- Paris Agreement (1)
- Parkinson's disease (1)
- Parteien (1)
- Partial (1)
- Partial migration (1)
- Participant attrition (1)
- Particle flux (1)
- Particle in Cell Simulation (1)
- Particle-in-Cell (1)
- Particle-in-cell (1)
- Particle-in-cell method (1)
- Partnerwahl (1)
- Party Competition (1)
- Party systems (1)
- Passivierung (1)
- Patella medialization (1)
- Patellofemoral osteoarthritis (1)
- Patellofemoral pain (1)
- Patent foramen ovale (1)
- Path analysis (1)
- Pathogen (1)
- Pathologie; Zellproliferation; Zelltod; Apoptose (1)
- Pathophysiological relationship (1)
- Patient organization (1)
- Patient participation (1)
- Patient rights (1)
- Patient safety (1)
- Patient-centered care (1)
- Patient-reported outcome measure (1)
- Patient-specific modeling (1)
- Patients (1)
- Pattern Recognition (1)
- Patterns (1)
- Paul-Falle (1)
- PavB (1)
- Pazifischer Ozean <Süd > (1)
- Pd/PTABS catalyst (1)
- Peat swamp forest (1)
- Peatland (1)
- Peatland species mapping (1)
- Pectat-Lyase (1)
- Pediatric airway management (1)
- Pediatric drug product (1)
- Pediatric emergency medicine (1)
- Pediatric emergency treatment (1)
- Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) (1)
- Peer review (1)
- Pektinesterase (1)
- Penicillin G, Formulation development, Helicobacter pylori (1)
- Penning Trap (1)
- Penning-Falle (1)
- Pentathiepin (1)
- Pentathiepins (1)
- Peptide (1)
- Performance Monitoring (1)
- Peri-implantitis (1)
- Periimplantitis (1)
- Perinatal infection (1)
- Periodontal medicine (1)
- Peripeteia (1)
- Peripetie (1)
- Peripheral arterial disease (1)
- Peripheres Sehen (1)
- Peritonitis (1)
- Permafrost (1)
- Permissive hypercapnia (1)
- Perron-Frobenius theorem (1)
- Person-Centered Care (1)
- Person-centered care (1)
- Personal protective equipment (1)
- Personalized medicine (1)
- Persönlichkeit (1)
- PestE (1)
- Pestivirus (1)
- Petrobaltic (1)
- Petrotoga (1)
- Pfeilwürmer (1)
- Pflege (1)
- Pflegeperson (1)
- Phagocytosis (1)
- Pharmaceuticals (1)
- Pharmacokinetics (1)
- Pharmakogenetik (1)
- Pharmazie (1)
- Phase Equilibrium (1)
- Phase transition (1)
- Phase transitions (1)
- Phasengleichgewicht (1)
- Phasenübergänge (1)
- Phenol (1)
- Phenotype (1)
- Phenotypic Plasticity (1)
- Phenotypic plasticity (1)
- Phobie (1)
- Phosphaproline (1)
- Phosphaprolines (1)
- Phosphate (1)
- Phosphate Substituted Dithiolene (1)
- Phosphino amino acids (1)
- Phosphinoaminosäuren (1)
- Phosphinoaniline (1)
- Phospholamban (1)
- Phospholipide (1)
- Phospholipids (1)
- Phosphonium glycolates (1)
- Phosphoniumglykolate (1)
- Phosphoniumsalze (1)
- Phosphopeptidanreicherung (1)
- Phosphoproteomanalyse (1)
- Phosphoproteomik (1)
- Phosphor-31-NMR-Spektroskopie (1)
- Phosphotransferasesystem (1)
- Photoaging (1)
- Photoströme (1)
- Phragmites australis (1)
- Phylogenetic tree (1)
- Phylogenetics (1)
- Phylogenetische Systematik (1)
- Physical body warm atmospheric plasma (1)
- Physical function (1)
- Physical health (1)
- Physikalische Chemie (1)
- Physiological proteomics (1)
- Physiologie (1)
- Physiologische Psychologie (1)
- Phytochemicals (1)
- Phytotherapie (1)
- Phänotypische Plastizität (1)
- Pieris napi (1)
- Pig (1)
- Pigment (1)
- Pigs (1)
- Pili (1)
- Pilus Islet-1 (1)
- Pilus Islet-2 (1)
- Pilz-Endophyten (1)
- Pilz-Vielfalt (1)
- Pilze (1)
- Pineal cyst (1)
- Pinus uncinata (1)
- Pisot-Zahl (1)
- Pituitary (1)
- Place (1)
- Placenta (1)
- Plant Competition (1)
- Plant Ecology (1)
- Plant Invasions (1)
- Plaque (1)
- Plaque index (1)
- Plasma , Plasmaphysik , Laser , Fluoreszenz , Interferometer , Wakefield , CERN , Kielfeld-Beschleuniger , Teilchenbeschleuniger , Laserinduzierte Fluoreszenz (1)
- Plasma , Plasmaphysik , Tokamak , Stellarator , Magnetohydrodynamik , Kinetische Theorie , Simulation , Alfvén-Welle , Energiereiches Teilchen (1)
- Plasma / Turbulenz (1)
- Plasma Chemistry (1)
- Plasma Instability (1)
- Plasma Modeling (1)
- Plasma Surface Interaction (1)
- Plasma chemistry (1)
- Plasma diagnostics (1)
- Plasma diagnostics techniques and instrumentation (1)
- Plasma dynamics (1)
- Plasma proteomics (1)
- Plasma spraying (1)
- Plasma surface interaction (1)
- Plasma treatment in vivo (1)
- Plasma-Flüssigkeits-Wechselwirkung (1)
- Plasma-Oberflächen-Wechselwirkung (1)
- Plasma-treated water (1)
- Plasma-wall interaction (1)
- Plasmainstabilität (1)
- Plasmajet (1)
- Plasmanitrieren (1)
- Plasmapheresis (1)
- Plasmaschwingung (1)
- Plasmasimulation (1)
- Plasmasonde (1)
- Plasmastrom (1)
- Plasmatheorie (1)
- Plasmatransport (1)
- Plasmawelle (1)
- Plasmid (1)
- Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (1)
- Plastic (1)
- Platin (1)
- Plattentektonik (1)
- Plazenta (1)
- Pleistocene (1)
- Pleistocene Europe (1)
- Plot Analysis (1)
- Plättchenfaktor 4 (1)
- Pneumococcal pneumonia (1)
- Pneumococci (1)
- Pneumokokkenoberflächenprotein C (1)
- Pneumonia (1)
- Podocyte (1)
- Podozyt (1)
- Poland (1)
- Polarisation (1)
- Polaron (1)
- Polen (1)
- Policy (1)
- Policy Moves (1)
- Polish romantic drama (1)
- Polish–German border area (1)
- Political Economy (1)
- Political ideology (1)
- Politische Ökonomie (1)
- Poloxamer 188 (1)
- Poly (hexamethylene biguanide) hydrochloride (PHMB) (1)
- Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) (1)
- Poly(hexamethylene)biguanide (1)
- Polyanionen (1)
- Polyanions (1)
- Polycaprolactone (1)
- Polychromophilus (1)
- Polydimethylsiloxan (1)
- Polyelektrolytbürste (1)
- Polyether Polyol (1)
- Polyethylenterephthalate (1)
- Polyhexamethylene biguanide (1)
- Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (1)
- Polymorphism (1)
- Polymorphisms (1)
- Polynesien (1)
- Polynomial pre-image (1)
- Polyphenole (1)
- Polysaccharide utilization (1)
- Polystyrolsulfonate (1)
- Polyurethane (1)
- Polyvinylalkohol (1)
- Pomalidomide (1)
- Poorly soluble drugs (1)
- Population dynamics (1)
- Population genetics (1)
- Population-based study (1)
- Populationsbiologie (1)
- Populationsdynamik (1)
- Porcine corneal lenticules (1)
- Pore water (1)
- Pore-size distributions (1)
- Porphyran (1)
- Portable OSL (1)
- Position (1)
- Position Specific Scoring Matrix (1)
- Post-translational modification (1)
- Posterior circulation (1)
- Postkolonialismus (1)
- Postpartum period (1)
- Posttranslationale Modifikation (1)
- Posturomed® (1)
- Potato industry (1)
- Potential – pH Diagram (1)
- Potentiometrie (1)
- Potenzial – pH-Diagramm (1)
- Potenzialhyperfläche (1)
- Poultry and mammals (1)
- Powder (1)
- Power decay (1)
- Power-Sharing (1)
- PrV (1)
- Practical Deliberation (1)
- Practical Identity (1)
- Precipitation inhibitor (1)
- Precision medicine (1)
- Precision medicine program (1)
- Preeclampsia (1)
- Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyse (1)
- Pregnant women (1)
- Preneoplasia (1)
- Prentice model (1)
- Preschool (1)
- Preschools (1)
- Preterm infants (1)
- Prevention of cardiovascular diseases (1)
- Prevention of metabolic diseases (1)
- Pricing (1)
- Prickly Pear Cactus (1)
- Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (1)
- Primate evolution (1)
- Principle Component Analysis (1)
- Prionprotein (1)
- Private practice (1)
- ProRoot MTA (1)
- Process (1)
- Process engineering (1)
- Processing conflict account (1)
- Prodigy (1)
- Profilbilanzierung (1)
- Progenitor cells (1)
- Progenitorzellen (1)
- Progerie (1)
- Progesteron (1)
- Prognose (1)
- Proliferation (1)
- Prolonged sitting (1)
- Promiscuous acyltransferase (1)
- Promoter methylation (1)
- Propensity score matching (1)
- Proportional representation (1)
- Prosa (1)
- Prospective physician (1)
- Prospero (1)
- Prostata (1)
- Prostate (1)
- Prostheses and implants (1)
- Protamine (1)
- Protease (1)
- Protease deficiency (1)
- Proteasom-Assoziierte Störungen (1)
- Proteasome inhibitor (1)
- Protected Area Management (1)
- Protection (1)
- Protein (1)
- Protein Carbonylation (1)
- Protein Storage Disease (1)
- Protein coding gene (1)
- Protein p53 (1)
- Protein secretion (1)
- Protein-Phosphorylierung (1)
- Proteinbiochemie (1)
- Proteinisoform (1)
- Proteinisoforms (1)
- Proteinogene Aminosäuren (1)
- Proteinphosphorylierung (1)
- Proteinquantifizierung (1)
- Proteinreinigung (1)
- Proteinsequenz (1)
- Proteinwechselwirkungsstelle (1)
- Proteobacteria (1)
- Proteom-Analyse (1)
- Proteome (1)
- Proteomeanalyse (1)
- Proteomic (1)
- Proteomik (1)
- Proteomstudien (1)
- Protestantismus (1)
- Protocols & guidelines (1)
- Protocol‐based physiotherapy (1)
- Protokaribik (1)
- Protonen-NMR-Spektroskopie (1)
- Prozesstechnik (1)
- Präzipitation (1)
- Präzisionsmassenmessung (1)
- Pseudoalteromonas (1)
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1)
- Pseudomonas fluorescens (1)
- Pseudomonas putida DOT-T1E (1)
- Pseudorabiesvirus (1)
- Pseudosaccharin amines (1)
- PspC-hpIgR-vermittelten Endozytose (1)
- PsrP (1)
- Psychiatric outpatients (1)
- Psychiatry (1)
- Psychometric properties (1)
- Psychopathologie (1)
- Psychopathology (1)
- Pt(II) complexes (1)
- Pterin (1)
- Public Hospital Management (1)
- Public parks (1)
- Publishing (1)
- Pufferzone (1)
- Pulmonary hypertension (1)
- Pulse-Chase SILAC (1)
- Pumpe (1)
- Pumptests (1)
- Punktmutation (1)
- Purinabbau (1)
- Purinderivate (1)
- Push–pull imines (1)
- Puumala virus (1)
- Pyrite (1)
- Python (1)
- Pädiatrische Onkologie (1)
- QCLAS (1)
- QUALI (1)
- Quadruplex (1)
- Quadrupole mass filter (1)
- Qualitative Empirsiche Sozialforschung (1)
- Qualitative research (1)
- Quality (1)
- Quality in health care (1)
- Quality indicators (1)
- Quality of Life (1)
- Quality of Management (1)
- Quality-adjusted life years (1)
- Qualitätskontrolle (1)
- Quanten-Lévy-Prozess (1)
- Quantendot (1)
- Quantengruppe (1)
- Quantenkaskadenlaser (1)
- Quantenmechanik (1)
- Quantenphasenübergang (1)
- Quantenpunkt (1)
- Quantentheorie (1)
- Quantenwahrscheinlichkeitstheorie (1)
- Quantifizierung (1)
- Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (1)
- Quantum Cascade Laser (1)
- Quartär (1)
- Quasi-Pseudo-Metrik (1)
- Quecksilber (1)
- Quergestreifte Muskulatur (1)
- Quorum quenching (1)
- Quorum sensing (1)
- R programming (1)
- R project for statistical computing (1)
- Rцntgenabsorptionsspektroskopie (1)
- R. chamaemorus (1)
- R122H (1)
- RAAS (1)
- RAP (1)
- REVEALS (1)
- RF Plasma (1)
- RF mass Spectrometry (1)
- RFamide (1)
- RHDV (1)
- RIDD (1)
- RMSSD (1)
- RNA engineering (1)
- RNA polymerase inhibitors (1)
- RNA self-splicing (1)
- RNA-World (1)
- RNA-seq (1)
- RNAlater (1)
- RNS-Synthese (1)
- ROC analysis (1)
- ROP (1)
- ROP screening (1)
- ROS, cell and mitochondria mechanics (1)
- ROXAS (1)
- RPE (1)
- RRID: AB_2338006 (1)
- RRID: AB_2338362 (1)
- RRID: AB_2338459 (1)
- RRID: AB_2338914 (1)
- RRID: AB_2341179 (1)
- RRID: AB_261811 (1)
- RRID: AB_477585 (1)
- RRID: SCR_007370 (1)
- RRID: SCR_010279 (1)
- RRID: SCR_014199 (1)
- RRMM (1)
- RT-PCR (1)
- RT-qPCR (1)
- RV (1)
- Rabies virus (1)
- Radial axis shift (1)
- Radiation (1)
- Radicalisation (1)
- Radikalfänger (1)
- Radioactive Ion Beams (1)
- Radioaktivität (1)
- Radiofrequenz (1)
- Radiographie (1)
- Radiologie (1)
- Rainbow Trout (1)
- Rainbow trout (1)
- Raman Spectroscopy (1)
- Raman spectroscopy (1)
- Random matrices (1)
- Randomisierung (1)
- Range Ecology (1)
- Range shift (1)
- Rangeland Science (1)
- Rapid atrial pacing (1)
- RapidEye (1)
- RareScreen (1)
- Rasch (1)
- Rasse (1)
- Rasterkraftmikroskop (1)
- Rauchen (1)
- Rauigkeit <Akustik> (1)
- Rauschkonsum (1)
- Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (1)
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS) (1)
- Reactive species (1)
- Reactive thin films (1)
- Reaktionsdynamik (1)
- Reaktionskaskade (1)
- Reaktionszeit (1)
- Reaktive Sauerstoffspezies (1)
- Real time quantitative PCR (1)
- Real-world data (1)
- Received Pronunciation (1)
- Recent warming (1)
- Rechenmethoden (1)
- Reckless driving (1)
- Recombinant guanine deaminase (1)
- Reconstructed human epidermis (1)
- Recurrence (1)
- Recurrent depression (1)
- Red River Delta (1)
- Red blood cell concentrate (1)
- Red blood cell concentrates (1)
- Redox Biogeochemie (1)
- Redox Biogeochemistry (1)
- Redox Chemistry (1)
- Redox signaling (1)
- Redoxregulation (1)
- Referral (1)
- Referred (1)
- Refugees (1)
- Regeneration (1)
- Regenwald (1)
- Regional Disparitäten (1)
- Regionale Pfadentwicklung (1)
- Regioselektivität (1)
- Registries (1)
- Registry (1)
- Regulator (1)
- Reiber’s diagram (1)
- Reinforcement learning (1)
- Rekonsolidierung (1)
- Rekrutierung (1)
- Rektorit (1)
- Relativistische Quantenmechanik (1)
- Relaxationskinetik (1)
- Remote sensing (1)
- Removable (1)
- Renin-Angiotensin System (1)
- Renin-Angiotensin-System (1)
- Renin-angiotensin system (1)
- Renormalization (1)
- Reperfusion (1)
- Replica Exchange (1)
- Replikation (1)
- Replikon (1)
- Repressoren (1)
- Reproducibility (1)
- Reproductive health (1)
- Reproduktion (1)
- Reptilien (1)
- Republik Komi (1)
- Research collaboration (1)
- Research platform (1)
- Reservoir modelling (1)
- Resident (1)
- Residential School (1)
- Residual antimicrobial effect (1)
- Residual risk (1)
- Residues (1)
- Resonance frequency analysis (1)
- Respiration (1)
- Respiratory infection (1)
- Responder und Nicht-Responder (1)
- Ressourcenmanagement (1)
- Reston virus (1)
- Resuscitation (1)
- Resuspension (1)
- Retinal vein occlusion (1)
- Rettungswesen (1)
- Reverse Genetics (1)
- Reverse genetic system (1)
- Reversible inhibitions (1)
- Review (1)
- Rex (1)
- Rh(D)-blocked phenomenon (1)
- Rhinolophus (1)
- Rhizome growth (1)
- Rhodaminfarbstoff (1)
- Rhodococcus ruber (1)
- Ribozym (1)
- Richard Long (1)
- Rifaximin (1)
- Riftia pachyptila (1)
- Right-wing extremism (1)
- Right-wing group (1)
- Risiko (1)
- Risikofaktor (1)
- Risikofaktoren (1)
- Risikokonsum (1)
- Risk assessment (1)
- Risk factors for stroke (1)
- Riskanter Alkoholkonsum (1)
- Risk–benefit-assessment (1)
- Robot assisted laparoscopy (1)
- Robotics (1)
- Robust (1)
- Rodentia (1)
- Rodents (1)
- Rohstoffgewinnung (1)
- Roman Climate Anomaly (RCA) (1)
- Root caries (1)
- Rose Bengal staining (1)
- Rosmersholm (1)
- Rotational transform (1)
- Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (1)
- RpoN signaling (1)
- RuMP pathway (1)
- Rural (1)
- Russia (1)
- Russland (1)
- Rwanda (1)
- Ryck (1)
- Rydberg excitons (1)
- Räumliches Sehen (1)
- Röntgenbeugung (1)
- Rückkehr (1)
- Rückmeldung (1)
- Rügen (1)
- S-thioallylation (1)
- S. pneumoniae (1)
- S/XB coefficient (1)
- S1P receptor signaling (1)
- S1P receptors (1)
- S1PR1 (1)
- S1PR2 (1)
- SARS-CoV-2 infections (1)
- SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen test (1)
- SAR‐OSL dating (1)
- SASP (1)
- SAXS (1)
- SBI-G (1)
- SCID (1)
- SCL (1)
- SDMT (1)
- SDS-SP3 protocol (1)
- SEA (1)
- SELEX (1)
- SEM-EDX (1)
- SERCA (1)
- SERS (1)
- SES (1)
- SGLT1 (1)
- SH045 (1)
- SHIP-Trend (1)
- SHP2 (1)
- SHP2 gain-of-function mutation (1)
- SIFamide (1)
- SILAC (1)
- SIRS (1)
- SK-MEL-28 (1)
- SKH1 mouse model (1)
- SLA 3D-printing (1)
- SLC family (1)
- SLC10A1 (1)
- SLC22A1 (OCT1) (1)
- SLC22A2 (1)
- SLC22A9 (1)
- SMAD (1)
- SNP-specific alpha-level (1)
- SNP-specific alpha-level, colocalization (1)
- SNPs (1)
- SNVs (1)
- SNiP (1)
- SNiP study (1)
- SOCIAL MEDICINE (1)
- SP3 (1)
- SPEI (1)
- SPIONs (1)
- SPSB1 (1)
- SPecies IDentity and Evolution in R (1)
- SR101 (1)
- SRF (1)
- SRM (1)
- SRM (single reaction monitoring) (1)
- SSA (1)
- ST1159 (1)
- ST2 (1)
- ST420 (1)
- STEC (1)
- STED microscopy (1)
- STEM performance (1)
- STIM1 (1)
- STS (1)
- SUMO (1)
- SW 1353 (1)
- SW Baltic Sea (1)
- SaOs‐2 cell differentiation (1)
- Saale (1)
- Saalian (1)
- Saami (1)
- Sacred swamps (1)
- Sae (1)
- Safe site (1)
- Sahel (1)
- Sal forests (1)
- Salafi jihadism (1)
- Salience (1)
- Saliva (1)
- Salzstress (1)
- Salztoleranz (1)
- Samen (1)
- Santa Cruz (1)
- SarA (1)
- Sarcoma (1)
- Sarcopenic adiposity (1)
- Satellitenbildauswertung (1)
- Sauerstoff (1)
- Sauerstoffmangel (1)
- Scaling (1)
- Scandinavian Ice Sheet (1)
- Scanning electron microscopy (1)
- Scattering function (1)
- Schadstoffabbau (1)
- Schale (1)
- Schamethik (1)
- Schaumflotation (1)
- Schlaganfall induzierte Immunschwäche (1)
- Schlei (1)
- Schlieren (1)
- Schlinge (1)
- Schmerz (1)
- Schnecke (1)
- Schnecken (1)
- Schnelles Teilchen (1)
- Schnittstelle (1)
- Schools (1)
- Schreckreflex (1)
- Schul-Burnout (1)
- Schulkind (1)
- Schusswaffe (1)
- Schutzgebiete (1)
- Schutzgebietseffektivität (1)
- Schutzgebietsmanagement (1)
- Schutzgebietsplanung (1)
- Schutzmaßnahme (1)
- Schwangerschaftsdiabetes (1)
- Schwarzes Meer (1)
- Schwein (1)
- Schweinekrankheit (1)
- Schweineleber-Esterase (1)
- Schwerelosigkeit (1)
- Schwermetalle (1)
- Schädelhirntrauma (1)
- Science (1)
- Scrape-off layer width (1)
- Scraper (1)
- Screening, adolescents (1)
- Scribble (1)
- Seafloor Roguhness (1)
- Sec-translocon (1)
- Secondary Electrons (1)
- Sedentary Behavior (1)
- Sedentary behaviour patterns (1)
- Sedentary breaks (1)
- Sedentary time (1)
- Sediment (1)
- Sediment mixing (1)
- Sedimentologie (1)
- Seebeck effect (1)
- Seeking mental health care model (1)
- Seggenrohrsänger (1)
- Segmentierung (1)
- Seismik (1)
- Sekundarschülerinnen und Schüler (1)
- Sekundärmetaboliten (1)
- Selbsteinschätzung (1)
- Selbstorganisation (1)
- Selbstorganisation , Selbstregulation , Hochmoor (1)
- Selective breeding (1)
- Selective caries removal (1)
- Selective neck dissection (1)
- Self-absorption (1)
- Self-assembling protein design (1)
- Self-employment (1)
- Self-rated health (1)
- Semantics (1)
- Semiose (1)
- Semiosis (1)
- Seniors (1)
- Sensitivity (1)
- Sensor (1)
- Sensoren (1)
- Sensorimotor (1)
- Sensorimotor recovery (1)
- Sentinel 2 (1)
- Sequence-function relationships (1)
- Sequencing (1)
- Sequenzanalyse <Chemie> (1)
- Sequenzierung (1)
- Sequenzlernen (1)
- Ser/Thr kinases (1)
- Serine protease-like proteins (1)
- Serine proteases (1)
- Serologie (1)
- Serotonin (1)
- Serotype-independent (1)
- Serum IGF-I (1)
- Serum IGFBP-3 (1)
- Serum-and-glucocorticoid-inducible-kinase-1 (1)
- Sewage (1)
- Sex education (1)
- Sexting (1)
- Sexual health (1)
- Sexual selection (1)
- Sexueller Konflikt (1)
- Shape dynamics (1)
- Sheath transmission coefficient (1)
- Sheeppox virus (1)
- Shells (1)
- Shiga toxin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1)
- Shiny (1)
- Shiny application (1)
- Shockwaves (1)
- Short-Form 12 (1)
- Shoulders (1)
- Shrubs (1)
- SiMoA (1)
- SiSo (1)
- Sigmund Freud (1)
- Signal-to-noise ratio (1)
- Signalwege (1)
- Silber (1)
- Silver ions (1)
- Silver sulfadiazine (1)
- Silver wound dressing (1)
- Simulationsexperiment (1)
- Sin3 (1)
- Single nucleotide polymorphisms (1)
- Sinlge port (1)
- Skalierung (1)
- Skandinavien (1)
- Skandinavien+Literatur (1)
- Skandinavienforschung (1)
- Skeletal joints (1)
- Skin (1)
- Slavonic apocrypha (1)
- Slc35f1 (1)
- Sleep (1)
- Sleep apnea (1)
- Slice (1)
- Sling decompression technique (1)
- Slow wave sleep (1)
- Small dense LDL (1)
- Small for gestational age (1)
- Small-states (1)
- Smartphone app (1)
- Smartphone apps (1)
- Smoking (1)
- Smoking cessation (1)
- Smoking in pregnancy (1)
- Social Research (1)
- Social Spiders (1)
- Social behavior (1)
- Social brain (1)
- Social identity (1)
- Social inequalities (1)
- Social inequality (1)
- Social information use (1)
- Social law (1)
- Social media (1)
- Social participation (1)
- Social-ecological systems (1)
- Socio-economic status (1)
- Sodium hypochlorite (1)
- Soft tissue sarcoma (1)
- Soft tissues (1)
- Soil Science (1)
- Soluble APRIL (1)
- Soluble BAFF (1)
- Somatostatin (1)
- Somatostatin receptor (1)
- Sonic Hedgehog signaling (1)
- Sonography (1)
- South Africa (1)
- South China Sea (1)
- South West India (1)
- Southeast Asia (1)
- Southern Ocean (1)
- Soviet Socialist Republics (1)
- SoxB (1)
- Soy (1)
- Soziale Beziehungen (1)
- Soziale Kognition (1)
- Soziale Krankenversicherung (1)
- Sozialität (1)
- Sozialsysteme (1)
- Sozialversicherung (1)
- Sozialökologie (1)
- Sozio-ökonomische Entwicklung (1)
- Spaced seeds (1)
- Spannender Baum (1)
- Spatial memory (1)
- Special-Use Forests (1)
- Specialized outpatient palliative care (SOPC) (1)
- Specificity (1)
- Spectral imaging (1)
- Spectral unmixing (1)
- Spectroelectrochemistry (1)
- Speech audiometry (1)
- Speichel (1)
- Spektrenbibliothek (1)
- Spektrum (1)
- Sperm conjugation (1)
- Sperm evolution (1)
- Sperm transfer form (1)
- Spermidine (1)
- Spermienkonkurrenz (1)
- Sphagnum (1)
- Sphagnum farming (1)
- Sphagnum magellanicum (1)
- Sphingolipide (1)
- Sphingosin-1-phosphate (1)
- Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (1)
- Spiders (1)
- Spike and Slab (1)
- Spillover Infections (1)
- Spillover-Infektionen (1)
- Spin Trap (1)
- Spin Trapping (1)
- Spintronic devices (1)
- Spintronik (1)
- Spirituosen (1)
- Spirodela polyrhiza (1)
- SplD (1)
- Spontanabort (1)
- Sporulation (1)
- Sprachlandschaften (1)
- Spurengas (1)
- Sputterdeposition (1)
- Sputum (1)
- Spätglazial (1)
- Src homology region 2 domain-containing protein-tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) (1)
- St. John’s wort (1)
- Stability (1)
- Stabilität (1)
- Stabilitätsuntersuchungen (1)
- Stadial (1)
- Stammzelle (1)
- Standardisation (1)
- Standardization (1)
- Staphyloccus aureus (1)
- Staphylococci (1)
- Staphylococcus aureus vaccine candidates (1)
- Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, USA300, antibiotic resistance, drug evasion. (1)
- Starch (1)
- Stark gekoppelte Systeme (1)
- Statistical modelling (1)
- Statistics (1)
- Staub (1)
- Staubdichtewelle (1)
- Staubige Plasmen (1)
- Staubiges Plasma (1)
- Stechmücke (1)
- Stechmücken <Familie> (1)
- Steineiche (1)
- Stem cell transplantation (1)
- Stencil code (1)
- Stent (1)
- Stereopsis (1)
- Stereoselectivity (1)
- Stereotactic surgery (1)
- Stereotyping (1)
- Sterna hirundo (1)
- Stetiger Markov-Prozess (1)
- Stickland reactions (1)
- Stickstoff-Sauerstoff-Gemisch (1)
- Stickstoffgruppe (1)
- Stickstoffmonoxid (1)
- Stigma (1)
- Stochstic Programming (1)
- Stockholm Convention (1)
- Stoffwandlung (1)
- Stoffwechsel (1)
- Stoffwechselphysiologie (1)
- Stoffwechselweg (1)
- Storytelling (1)
- Stoß (1)
- Stratum corneum (1)
- Strauch (1)
- Strauchwachstum (1)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae 1 (1)
- Streptococcus pyogenes (1)
- Streutheorie (1)
- Strikeline (1)
- String Geometry (1)
- Structural analysis (1)
- Structured Illumination Microscopy (1)
- Strukturaufklärung (1)
- Strukturgeologie (1)
- Study of Health in Pomerania (1)
- Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) (1)
- Study protocol (1)
- Stärke (1)
- Stückweise deterministischer Markov Prozess (1)
- Subsaharisches Afrika (1)
- Substance misuse (1)
- Substitution (1)
- Substratspezifität (1)
- Suction blister (1)
- Suction blister technique (1)
- Suizid (1)
- Sukzession (1)
- Sulfide (1)
- Sulfoxidation (1)
- Sunitinib (1)
- SuperPred (1)
- Supercritical fluid chromatography (1)
- Supervised learning (1)
- Supracerebellar-infratentorial approach (1)
- Surface Collisions (1)
- Surface barrier discharge plasma source (1)
- Surface treatment (1)
- Surgical procedures (1)
- Surgical strategy (1)
- Surgical trauma (1)
- Survey (1)
- Survey of Neonates in Pomerania (1)
- Survival rate (1)
- Sus scrofa domesticus (1)
- Sustainability (1)
- Sustainability Development Goals (SDG) (1)
- Sustainable Agriculture (1)
- Sustainable Development (1)
- Sustainable Governance Indicators (SGI) (1)
- Sustainable food systems (1)
- Sustainable production and consumption (1)
- Sustainablity (1)
- Swallowing (1)
- SwissTargetPrediction (1)
- Switzerland (1)
- Symbiose (1)
- Symmetrie (1)
- Symptom (1)
- Syndrom (1)
- Synspermiata (1)
- Synthetic Biology (1)
- Synthetic design (1)
- Synthetic methods (1)
- Synthetic sandstone (1)
- Synthetische Biologie (1)
- Syria (1)
- Syrien (1)
- System dynamics (1)
- Systematic review and Meta analysis (1)
- Systematik (1)
- Systemic infection (1)
- Südafrika (1)
- Südafrika , Schwermetall , Mikroplastik , Pestizid , Sediment , Bioindikation , Umwelttoxizität , Seismik , Hexachlorcyclohexan , DDT (1)
- Südostasien (1)
- T cell function (1)
- T cell maturation (1)
- T cell receptor beta locus (1)
- T cell response (1)
- T cell superallergen (1)
- T lymphocyte (1)
- T zell (1)
- T-ALL (1)
- T-Duality (1)
- T-Dualität (1)
- T-cell activation (1)
- T-cells (1)
- TAC (1)
- TAL1 (1)
- TAMs (1)
- TBO (1)
- TCF11/Nrf1 (1)
- TCL (1)
- TDLAS (1)
- TEER (1)
- TEM (1)
- TESZ (1)
- TFE3 (1)
- TFIIA (1)
- TGF-β1 (1)
- TGFβ receptor II (1)
- TGR(mREN2)27 (1)
- THP-1 cells (1)
- THP-1 macrophages (1)
- THz (1)
- TIGER2h (1)
- TIGER2hs (1)
- TIGIT (1)
- TIM-3 (1)
- TIMP-1 (1)
- TKI (1)
- TLR4 (1)
- TLR4 signaling (1)
- TMCL (1)
- TME (1)
- TMS (1)
- TNF (1)
- TNF-alpha (1)
- TNF-α (1)
- TNFAIP3 (1)
- TNFα (1)
- TOF (1)
- TPD52 (1)
- TREC (1)
- TREM-1 (1)
- TREML2 (1)
- TRP Kanäle (1)
- TRPC6 (1)
- TRUCK (1)
- TSH (1)
- TSPAN5 (1)
- TSST-1 (1)
- TTZ (1)
- TUNEL assay (1)
- TWAS (1)
- Talinolol (1)
- Tandem-Hirudin (1)
- Tandem-Massenspektrometrie (1)
- Tansania (1)
- Tanzania (1)
- Targeted delivery (1)
- Targeted proteomics (1)
- Targeted therapies (1)
- Tasks (1)
- Tau (1)
- Taurocholate (1)
- Taurolidine (1)
- Taxonomie (1)
- Taxonomy (1)
- Tea (1)
- Teeth (1)
- Teichoic acid (1)
- Teilzug (1)
- Tektonik (1)
- Teleconsultation (1)
- Telehealth (1)
- Telemedical treatment (1)
- Telementoring (1)
- Teleostei (1)
- Telephone CPR (1)
- Telephone-based therapy (1)
- Telepsychiatry (1)
- Temperatur (1)
- Temperaturbeständigkeit (1)
- Temperature (1)
- Temperaturstressresistenz (1)
- Tenericutes (1)
- Terahertz radiation (1)
- Terahertz spectroscopy (1)
- Terai (1)
- Terminologie (1)
- Test (1)
- Test von zufälligen Effekten (1)
- TetR‐family repressor (1)
- Tetrasomy 9p (1)
- Text Analysis (1)
- Tg4-42 (1)
- Th1 (1)
- Th17 (1)
- Th2 cells (1)
- The Baltics (1)
- The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman (1)
- The Study of Health in Pomerania (1)
- Theodoxus (1)
- Theodoxus fluviatilis (1)
- Theologie (1)
- Theoretical Physics (1)
- Theranostics (1)
- Therapie (1)
- Thermische Analyse (1)
- Thermodynamics (1)
- Thermografie (1)
- Thermophile (1)
- Thermostability (1)
- Thiamine Pharmacokinetics (1)
- Thin films (1)
- Thin-skinned thrust tectonics (1)
- Thiole (1)
- Thioredoxin (1)
- Third-party intervention (1)
- Thrombocytopenia (1)
- Thrombocytopenie (1)
- Thrombospondin (1)
- Thyreophora (1)
- Thyreotropin (1)
- Thyroglobulin (1)
- Thyroid function (1)
- Thyroid hormone (1)
- Thyroid imaging (1)
- Thyrotropin (1)
- Thyroxin (1)
- Ti-Cu-N coating (1)
- Ti6Al4V alloy (1)
- TiO2 (1)
- Tibial tuberosity osteotomy (1)
- Tier-Pflanzen-Interaktion (1)
- Tier-Pflanzen-Kommunikation (1)
- Tiere (1)
- Tiergesellschaft (1)
- Tiergesundheit (1)
- Tierphysiologie (1)
- Tierseuche (1)
- Tierversuch (1)
- Tight-junction (1)
- Time (1)
- Time course of recovery (1)
- Time trend study (1)
- Time use (1)
- Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (1)
- Tissue Optical Clearing (1)
- Titan Tholins (1)
- Titan-Tholine (1)
- Titanium surface (1)
- Titration (1)
- Toa1 (1)
- Toarcian (1)
- Toarciconiopteryginae (1)
- Tobacco smoke (1)
- Tolerability (1)
- Tolerance (1)
- Toll-like-Rezeptor (1)
- Tomographie (1)
- Ton-Eisen interaktion (1)
- Tonmineral (1)
- Tonmineralogie , Diagenese , Sandstein , Porosität , Permeabilität (1)
- Tooth erosion (1)
- Tooth wear (1)
- Toothbrushing (1)
- Topologischer Isolator (1)
- Torfabbau (1)
- Total testosterone (1)
- Tourette Syndrom (1)
- Tourette Syndrome (1)
- Tourette-Syndrom (1)
- Tourism (1)
- Toxicity (1)
- Toxin (1)
- Toxins (1)
- Toxoplasma (1)
- Toxoplasma gondii (1)
- Trabectedin (1)
- Tracer particles (1)
- Tracerpartikel (1)
- Tracheal surgery (1)
- Tracking (1)
- Trajectories (1)
- Trans-Theoretisches Modell der Verhaltensänderung (1)
- Transcription Factor Binding Site (1)
- Transcriptom (1)
- Transepidermal water loss (1)
- Transfer Operator (1)
- Transfer-Operator (1)
- Transformation (1)
- Transformationsländer (1)
- Transfusion (1)
- Transfusion reaction (1)
- Transfusionsassoziiertes akutes Lungenversagen (1)
- Transienten-Elektromagnetik (1)
- Transitional metal catalysis (1)
- Transkriptionsfaktorbindestellen (1)
- Transkriptom (1)
- Transmission electron microscopy (1)
- Transplantation-associated infections (1)
- Transplantrelated morbidity (1)
- Transportproteine (1)
- Transporttheorie (1)
- Trauma surgery (1)
- Traumatic injury (1)
- Treatment (1)
- Treatment experiences (1)
- Treatment guidelines (1)
- Treatment of food (1)
- Treatment utilization (1)
- Treemap (1)
- Treibhausgas (1)
- Treibhausgasemission (1)
- Trends (1)
- Trigeminal neuralgia (1)
- Trigonelline (1)
- Triple refractory (1)
- Tris inhibition (1)
- Triterpenes (1)
- Trockenheit (1)
- Tropen (1)
- Tropenwald (1)
- True Cost Accounting (1)
- True Cost Accounting (TCA) (1)
- Truncatelloidea (1)
- Trust (1)
- Tryptophan (1)
- Tryptophan-Metabolism (1)
- Tumor spezifischer Transport (1)
- Tumor-like behavior (1)
- Tumorbiologie (1)
- Tup1 (1)
- Turbulente Strömung (1)
- Turkish migrants (1)
- Tutorial (1)
- Twins (1)
- Twisted K-Theory (1)
- Twitter (1)
- Two component systems (1)
- Two-component system (1)
- Typ 2 Diabetes mellitus (1)
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (1)
- Type-2 diabetes (1)
- Typha (1)
- Tyrosine hydroxylase (1)
- T‐type calcium channels (1)
- UAP56 (1)
- UAS (1)
- UBR1 (1)
- UDCA (1)
- UNESCO (1)
- UPD 11p (1)
- UPR (1)
- UPS (1)
- US alliances (1)
- US security guarantees (1)
- USO-Project (1)
- USP apparatus 4 (1)
- USP apparatus 7 (1)
- UUO (1)
- UV-VIS-Spektroskopie (1)
- UVA-LED (1)
- UVA-responsive (1)
- Ubiquitination (1)
- Uganda (1)
- Ukrainian-Canadian literature (1)
- Ultraschall (1)
- Ultrasound (1)
- Ulvan (1)
- Umweltethik (1)
- Umweltfaktor (1)
- Umweltproteomics (1)
- Umweltökonomie (1)
- Unabhängigkeitanalyse (1)
- Uncoupling (1)
- Undergraduate curriculum (1)
- Underreporting (1)
- Ungewissheit (1)
- Unification (1)
- Union for International Cancer Control stage (UICC stage) (1)
- Universal Health Coverage (1)
- Universal Health coverage (1)
- Universelle Abdeckung (1)
- Unsolicited medical opinion (1)
- Upland soil cluster (1)
- Uracil misincorporation (1)
- Urate oxidase (1)
- Urban green areas (1)
- Urethanase (1)
- Uric acid (1)
- Urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) (1)
- Urinary iodine excretion (1)
- Urine diagnostics (1)
- Urine metabolome (1)
- Urological complications (1)
- Ursodeoxycholsäure (1)
- Utilitarismus (1)
- V-loop (1)
- VEEV (1)
- VEGF (1)
- VEGF inhibitors (1)
- VIM (1)
- VITT (1)
- VLDL (1)
- VPA (1)
- VR-12 (1)
- VS-model (1)
- VUV radiation (1)
- VUV-Strahlung (1)
- Vaginale Ringe (1)
- Valeric acid (1)
- Validation (1)
- Vanuatu (1)
- Varenicline (1)
- Variability (1)
- Variationsrechnung (1)
- Variogram (1)
- Variogramm (1)
- Vascular compression syndromes (1)
- Vascular malformation (1)
- Vaterschaft (1)
- Vector flies (1)
- Vegetationsentwicklung (1)
- Vegetationsgeschichte (1)
- Vegetationsmuster (1)
- Velocity distribution (1)
- Venous compression (1)
- Ventral nerve cord (1)
- Ventrales-Striatum (1)
- Verbal memory (1)
- Verbreitungsö (1)
- Verdampfung (1)
- Vereisung (1)
- Veresterung (1)
- Vergesellschaftung (1)
- Vergletscherung (1)
- Verhaltenstest (1)
- Verhältniswahl (1)
- Vero E6 (1)
- Verschränkung (1)
- Versiegelung <Zahnmedizin> (1)
- Versorgung (1)
- Vertebral artery dissection (1)
- Verunreinigungstransport (1)
- Veränderungsmotivation (1)
- Vesikel (1)
- Vestibular system (1)
- Vibrational spectroscopy (1)
- Videokamera (1)
- Vielfalt (1)
- Vielteilchensystem (1)
- Vielteilchentheorie (1)
- Violence (1)
- Viral Vector (1)
- Viral dynamics (1)
- Virology (1)
- Virulence determinants (1)
- Virus Discovery (1)
- Virus der klassischen Schweinepest (1)
- Virus discovery (1)
- Virus evolution (1)
- Virus isolation (1)
- Virus-like particles (1)
- Virusinfektion (1)
- Visceral adipose tissue (1)
- Visceral body fat (1)
- Viscoelastic properties (1)
- Visioning workshops (1)
- Visual Literacy (1)
- Visual system (1)
- Visualisierung (1)
- Visuelle Aufmerksamkeit (1)
- Vitamin B6 deficiency (1)
- Vitronectin (1)
- Vitronektin (1)
- Viurs-host protein interaction (1)
- VoC (1)
- Voice examination (1)
- Volatiles (1)
- Volitional Disunity (1)
- Voluntary wheel running (1)
- Vorhersage (1)
- Vorhersagemodell (1)
- Vorhofflimmern (1)
- Vorionisation (1)
- Voronoi tessellation (1)
- Voter turnout (1)
- Voxel-based meta-analysis (1)
- WFD (1)
- WHO (1)
- WHOQOL-BREF (1)
- WHOQOL-OLD (1)
- WNV (1)
- WON (1)
- WSS (1)
- Wachstum (1)
- Wachtelkönig (1)
- Wahlbeteiligung (1)
- Wahlsystem (1)
- Wahrnehmung (1)
- Wahrnehmung von Waldwerten (1)
- Waldboden (1)
- Waldgrenze (1)
- Waldschaden (1)
- Waldschäden (1)
- Waldumbau (1)
- Walking (1)
- Wallflower effect (1)
- Walzenspinnen (1)
- Wand-Abregung-Wahrscheinlichkeit (1)
- Wanderratte (1)
- Warmzeit (1)
- Wasseraufbereitung (1)
- Wasserhygiene (1)
- Wasserhärte (1)
- Wassersicherheitsplan (1)
- Wassersättigung (1)
- Water jet (1)
- Water-filtered infrared-A radiation (1)
- Water-rock interaction (1)
- Water-soluble catalysis (1)
- Watt (1)
- Waves (1)
- Weaning (1)
- Wechsellagerung (1)
- Weibull (1)
- Weichsel (1)
- Weichseleiszeit (1)
- Weichselvereisung (1)
- Weideökologie (1)
- Wein (1)
- Wellen (1)
- Wellenmagnetfeld (1)
- Wellenwechselwirkung (1)
- Wendelstein (1)
- Wendelstein 7-x (1)
- Werte (1)
- West Nile virus (1)
- Western blot (1)
- Western diet (1)
- Wetlands (1)
- Wetter (1)
- Whistlerwelle (1)
- White spruce (1)
- Whole blood (1)
- Whole-cell enzyme cascade (1)
- Whole‐body vibration (1)
- Wiedererkennen (1)
- Wiedererkennungsgedächtnis (1)
- Wiedervernässung (1)
- Wiek Fault System (1)
- Winter (1)
- Wirbeltiere (1)
- Wirkstofffreisetzung (1)
- Wirkstofffreisetzung , Wirkstoff , Löslichkeit , Pharmazie , Forschung , Entwicklung , Formulierung (1)
- Wirt-Erreger Interaktion (1)
- Wirt-Erreger Interaktionen (1)
- Wirt-Erreger-Interaktionen (1)
- Wirt-Erreger-Wechselwirkungen (1)
- Wirts-Pathogen-Interaktion (1)
- Wirtschaftlichkeit (1)
- Wirtschaftsgeografie (1)
- Wirtschaftsgeographie (1)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (1)
- Wirtsorganismus (1)
- Wirtsspektrum (1)
- Wismar Bay (1)
- Wissen (1)
- Wnt Signalweg (1)
- Wnt signaling (1)
- Wnt-signaling (1)
- Wolfram (1)
- Worker safety (1)
- Wound (1)
- Wound antisepsis (1)
- Wound antiseptics, HET-CAM, irritation score, octenidine, chlorhexidine, polihexanide, hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, hemoglobin spray, allantoin, dexpanthenol, thiocyanate. (1)
- Wound at risk of infection (1)
- Wound at risk score (W.A.R. score) (1)
- Wound colonization (1)
- Wound management (1)
- Wound secretion (1)
- Wounds-at-Risk Score (1)
- X-ray diffraction (1)
- X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- X-ray structure (1)
- X-ray tomography (1)
- X-splits (1)
- XGND (1)
- XRF (1)
- XRF scanning (1)
- Xanthin Oxidoreduktase (1)
- Xplor®2 Transformations-/Expressionssystem (1)
- Xplor®2 transformation/expression system (1)
- X‐ray crystallography (1)
- YBX1 (1)
- Yeast sulfhydryl oxidase (1)
- YidC (1)
- YodB (1)
- Young (1)
- Young stroke (1)
- YraA (1)
- YvaP (1)
- Z-score standardization (1)
- ZEB1 (1)
- Zahnbogenveränderungen (1)
- Zahnimplantat (1)
- Zahnschmelz (1)
- Zahnstatus (1)
- Zander (1)
- Zebrafisch (1)
- Zeeman and Stark effects (1)
- Zeeman- und Stark-Effekte (1)
- Zeit (1)
- Zeitmessung (1)
- Zellbiologie (1)
- Zelle (1)
- Zellen (1)
- Zellheterogenität (1)
- Zellmechanik (1)
- Zellmigration (1)
- Zelloberflächenproteine (1)
- Zelluläre Heterogenität (1)
- Zellzyklus (1)
- Zement (1)
- Zentralkohlenstoffmetabolismus (1)
- Zerstörung (1)
- Zi-Pi plot (1)
- Zinc (1)
- Zingst (1)
- Zitterbewegung (1)
- Zobellia galactanivorans (1)
- Zoobenthos (1)
- Zoologischer Garten (1)
- Zoonosen (1)
- Zoonosis (1)
- Zufallsmatrizen (1)
- Zugvögel (1)
- Zunge (1)
- Zuverlässigkeit (1)
- Zuwachs (1)
- Zwergspinnen (1)
- Zwergsumpfhuhn (1)
- Zwilling (1)
- Zylinderschale (1)
- Zystische Fibrose (1)
- Zytoskelett (1)
- Zytotoxizität (1)
- [ (1)
- [Fe-S] Cluster (1)
- aPF4/H antibodies (1)
- abdominal swelling (1)
- abductor mechanism deficiency (1)
- abductor repair (1)
- ability to cope (1)
- ablation zone (1)
- abnormal (1)
- abomasum (1)
- aboveground herbivory (1)
- absolute (1)
- absolute protein quantification (1)
- absorption spectroscopy (1)
- abuse (1)
- academic achievement (1)
- accelerated drug release testing (1)
- accelerometer (1)
- acclimation (1)
- acclimatization (1)
- accumulation (1)
- acetabular retroversion (1)
- acetaminophen (1)
- acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (1)
- acetylene hydratase (1)
- achaete–scute homolog (1)
- achievement (1)
- achievement drive (1)
- acid resistance (1)
- acid suppressive therapy (1)
- acoustic backscatter (1)
- acoustic survey (1)
- acquired demyelination syndrome (1)
- acromioclavicular joint dislocation (1)
- actin quantification (1)
- activation status (1)
- active middle ear implant (1)
- acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (1)
- acute kidney injury (1)
- acute pneumonia model (1)
- acute toxicity (1)
- acylation (1)
- adaptational responses (1)
- adaptive immunity (1)
- adaptive immunology (1)
- adaptor protein (1)
- addictive behaviors (1)
- adenine deaminase (1)
- adenine nucleotide translocase 1 (1)
- adherence (1)
- adherent human carcinoma cell lines (1)
- adhesin A (1)
- adhesion inhibitor (1)
- adipose-derived stem cells (1)
- adjuvant (1)
- adjuvants (1)
- administrative claims (1)
- adoptive transfer (1)
- adult attachment representation (1)
- adult neurogenesis (1)
- adult-onset (1)
- adulte Neurogenese (1)
- adulte Stammzelle (1)
- adulthood (1)
- advanced cell culture (1)
- advanced gastroesophageal cancer (1)
- advanced nursing practice (1)
- advanced nursing roles (1)
- advanced oxidation processes (1)
- advanced training (1)
- affect heuristic (1)
- affective disorders (1)
- affective neuroscience (1)
- agar (1)
- age differences (1)
- aged (1)
- agency (1)
- aggregate biofilm (1)
- agoraphobia (1)
- agri-food (1)
- agroecosystems (1)
- air-liquid interface system (1)
- airflow limitation (1)
- airglow (1)
- airport cases (1)
- airport development (1)
- airway inflammation (1)
- airways (1)
- akustische Rückstreustärke (1)
- akutes Pneumonie-Modell (1)
- alamandine (1)
- alanine scanning (1)
- albuminuria (1)
- alcohol consumption (1)
- alcohol dehydrogenase (1)
- alcohol dehydrogenases (1)
- alcohol dependence severity (1)
- alcohol risk drinking (1)
- alcohol-related diseases (1)
- aldehyde production (1)
- alder carr (1)
- alexithymia (1)
- algicolous fungi (1)
- alien invasive species (1)
- alignment of duct-and-mucosa (1)
- aliphatic ketones (1)
- alkali-activation (1)
- alkenes (1)
- alkohol-attributable Erkrankungen (1)
- alkohol-attributable Morbidität (1)
- alkyl iodide (1)
- alkylation (1)
- allatostatin (1)
- allelic expression imbalance (AEI) (1)
- allergic reactions (1)
- alliance (1)
- allografts (1)
- alloplastische Materialien (1)
- aloneness (1)
- alpha diversity (1)
- alpha- beta CD8+ T cells (1)
- alpha-dioxygenase (1)
- alpine (1)
- alumina (1)
- alveolar bone loss (1)
- amides (1)
- amiloride-sensitive sodium channel ENaC (1)
- amination (1)
- amine transaminases (1)
- amino acids (1)
- amino alcohols (1)
- amino polymer (1)
- aminoglycoside antibiotics (1)
- amitriptyline (1)
- amniotic fluid (1)
- amorphous formulations (1)
- amorphous solid dispersion (1)
- amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) (1)
- amygdala (1)
- amylase (1)
- amyloid (1)
- amyloid beta (1)
- anaerobic metabolism (1)
- analytic hierarchy process (1)
- analytical measurements (1)
- anastomosis (1)
- anatomie (1)
- anemia (1)
- anesthesiology (1)
- aneurysmal fibrous histiocytoma (1)
- angeborene lymphoide Zellen (1)
- angiogenesis (1)
- angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (1)
- angiosarcoma (1)
- angiosperms (1)
- angiotensin (1)
- angiotensin 1-7 (1)
- angiotensin II type 1a receptor (1)
- anglokanadische Literatur (1)
- animal (1)
- animal behavior (1)
- animal models (1)
- animal welfare (1)
- animal-plant communication (1)
- animal-plant interaction (1)
- ankyloglossia (1)
- annotation (1)
- annually laminated lake sediments (1)
- anomal transport (1)
- anomaler Transport (1)
- antenatal care (1)
- anterior medial cingulate cortex (1)
- anthropometry (1)
- anti- (1)
- anti-GD2 antibody (1)
- anti-GD<sub>2</sub> immunotherapy (1)
- anti-VEGF (1)
- anti-adhesive surface (1)
- anti-cancer (1)
- anti-drug antibodies (1)
- anti-inflammatory strategies (1)
- anti-phagocytic activity (1)
- anti-predator (1)
- anti-steatotic action (1)
- anti-tumour immune response (1)
- antiallodynic activity (1)
- antibacterial drug resistance (1)
- antibiotic coating (1)
- antibiotic susceptibility 4 (1)
- antibiotic use (1)
- antibody production (1)
- antibody repertoire (1)
- antibody response (1)
- antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (1)
- antibody-secreting cells (1)
- anticipated-regret (1)
- anticonvulsant (1)
- antiepileptic drug (AED) (1)
- antimatter plasma (1)
- antimicrobial coating (1)
- antimicrobial peptide (1)
- antimicrobial plant substances (1)
- antimicrobial resistance crisis (1)
- antimicrobial surface (1)
- antimicrobial susceptibility testing (1)
- antimicrobial therapy (1)
- antimikrobielle Aktivität (1)
- antimikrobiellen Screening (1)
- antioxidant (1)
- antioxidant activity (1)
- antioxidant signaling pathways (1)
- antiseizure medication (1)
- antisense RNA (1)
- antiseptics (1)
- antiterminator protein (1)
- anti‐PF4/heparin antibodies (1)
- aortenbogen (1)
- aortic arch (1)
- aperiodic tile (1)
- aphasia (1)
- aphids (1)
- apikale Barriere (1)
- apnea-hypopnea index (1)
- apnea–hypopnea index (1)
- apolipoprotein E (1)
- apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) (1)
- apparently healthy (1)
- appearance size (1)
- applicability (1)
- approach (1)
- apps (1)
- aptazyme (1)
- aptazymes (1)
- aquaculture (1)
- aquaporins (1)
- aquatic snail (1)
- aquatische Grenzzonen (1)
- arable farming (1)
- arable wild plants (1)
- araneae (1)
- arbo virus vectors (1)
- arbovirus (1)
- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (1)
- arch (1)
- archaea (1)
- archetype analysis (1)
- arctic (1)
- area deprivation (1)
- arginine (1)
- arginine biosynthesis (1)
- arginine phosphorylation (1)
- arid river basins (1)
- arithmetic (1)
- arm ability training (1)
- aroma compounds (1)
- aromatic acids (1)
- artefacts (1)
- arterial smooth muscle (1)
- arterial stiffness (1)
- arterio-venous (1)
- arthroplasty (1)
- arthroscopic shaver (1)
- artificial blood contamination (1)
- artificial blood contamination; (1)
- artificial selection (1)
- asphyxia (1)
- aspiration (1)
- assessment/diagnosis (1)
- asymmetric catalysis (1)
- asymptotic expansion (1)
- at-risk drinking (1)
- atmosphere (1)
- atmospheric pressure (1)
- atmospheric pressure argon plasma jet (1)
- atmospheric pressure discharge (1)
- atmospheric-pressure plasma jets (1)
- atomic absorption spectrometry (1)
- atomic level scheme (1)
- atomic masses of cesium isotopes (1)
- atomic spectra (1)
- attachment loss (1)
- attentional bias (1)
- attentive immobility (freezing) (1)
- attitude measurement (1)
- attitudes (1)
- attitudes and beliefs (1)
- attributes (1)
- audiovisual integration (1)
- auditory brainstem response (1)
- aureus (1)
- auricular acupuncture (1)
- aurintricarboxylic acid (1)
- authoritarianism (1)
- autoantibodies (1)
- autoimmune diseases (1)
- autoimmune encephalitis (1)
- autoligation (1)
- autologous lipotransfer (1)
- automatic counts (1)
- autonomic arousal (1)
- autonomy (1)
- autophagy-lysosomal pathway (1)
- autoproteolysis (1)
- autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (1)
- autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (1)
- autumn (1)
- averaging (1)
- avian influenza (1)
- avian influenza virus (1)
- avian malaria (1)
- aviäre Influenza (1)
- awareness (1)
- azo dyes (1)
- bacillithiol (1)
- background radiation (1)
- bacteremia (1)
- bacterial cell disruption (1)
- bacterial community (1)
- bacterial culture (1)
- bacterial dissemination (1)
- bacterial infection (1)
- bacterial lipocalin (1)
- bacterial membrane extensions (1)
- bacterial membrane vesicles (1)
- bacterial meningitis (1)
- bacterial pathogens (1)
- bacterial-fungal interaction (1)
- bactericidal activity (1)
- bacteriophage (1)
- bacterioplankton (1)
- bacterivory (1)
- bakterielle Lipocalin (1)
- balloon pulmonary angioplasty (1)
- barrier analysis (1)
- barrier corona (BC) (1)
- basal area increment (1)
- baseline imbalance (1)
- bat (1)
- bat monitoring (1)
- bats (1)
- batteries (1)
- battery research (1)
- beach ridge (1)
- beach ridge stratigraphy (1)
- beaver flooding (1)
- behavior change theories (1)
- behavioral avoidance test (1)
- behavioral characteristics (1)
- behaviour intention (1)
- behavioural plasticity (1)
- belonging (1)
- benzoate metabolism (1)
- benzothiazoles (1)
- benzoxazoles (1)
- beschleunigte Freisetzungstests (1)
- best subset selection (1)
- beta coefficient (1)
- beta-representation (1)
- biased ligands (1)
- big data (1)
- big data analysis (1)
- big-fish-little-pond-effect (1)
- bildgebende Verfahren (1)
- bilingual advantage (1)
- bilirubin (1)
- binational medicine (1)
- binding force (1)
- binding land-use plan (1)
- bio-orthogonal click chemistry (1)
- bioactive compounds (1)
- bioassay-guided fractionation (1)
- biobank education (1)
- biobank technician (1)
- biocatalytic cascades (1)
- biocentrism (1)
- biochemical-clinical traits (1)
- biocompatibility (1)
- biocontrol (1)
- biodegradable plastics (1)
- biodegradation (1)
- biodiversity offsets (1)
- bioeconomy (1)
- bioenergetics (1)
- biofilm degradation (1)
- biofilm inhibitor (1)
- biofilms (1)
- biogeochemistry (1)
- bioinformatic (1)
- biological aging (1)
- biological decontamination (1)
- biological invasion (1)
- biological invasions (1)
- biological membranes (1)
- biological soil crusts (1)
- biologischer Quellen (1)
- bioluminescence (1)
- biomanipulation (1)
- biomass productivity (1)
- biomass valorization (1)
- biomaterial (1)
- biomechanics (1)
- biomedical (1)
- biomedical model swine (1)
- biopharmaceutics (1)
- biophysikalischer Parameter (1)
- biorelevant (1)
- biosecurity (1)
- biosphere reserve (1)
- biostatistics (1)
- biosynthesis gene cluster (BGC) (1)
- biotechnology (1)
- biotic stress (1)
- biotinylation approach (1)
- bipolar disorder (1)
- bipolar pulse (1)
- biraciality (1)
- bird migration (1)
- birds (1)
- birth interval (1)
- bistriazolylidene ligands (1)
- biting midges (1)
- bitumen (1)
- bivalve (1)
- black-headed gulls (1)
- bleeding tendency (1)
- blink reflex (1)
- blood cell metabolism (1)
- blood compatibility (1)
- blood count (1)
- blood culture (1)
- blood donation (1)
- blood pressure (1)
- blood purification (1)
- blood smear (1)
- blood-brain barrier (1)
- blue intensity (1)
- bodden (1)
- body composition (1)
- body posture (1)
- body size (1)
- body weights and measures (1)
- bone (1)
- bone cancer (1)
- bone erosion (1)
- bone marrow microenvironment (1)
- bone marrow transplantation (1)
- bone quality (1)
- bone regeneration (1)
- bone remodelling (1)
- bone turnover marker (1)
- bone-on-a-chip (1)
- borderland (1)
- boreal (1)
- boreal peatlands (1)
- boronic acid (1)
- boronic acids (1)
- borosilicate (1)
- bovine (1)
- bovine ruminal acidosis (1)
- bovine soft palate (1)
- brackish water system (1)
- brain atrophy (1)
- brain lesion mapping (1)
- brain mapping (1)
- brain plasticity (1)
- brain signal complexity (BSC) (1)
- brain stimulation (1)
- brainstem (1)
- breakdown mechanism (1)
- breakthrough (1)
- breastfeeding (1)
- breastfeeding difficulties (1)
- broad-sense heritability (1)
- broadleaves (1)
- brolucizumab (1)
- brownfields (1)
- bud burst (1)
- buffer zone (1)
- bulk chemical production (1)
- bullying (1)
- burden (1)
- burnout (1)
- business travel (1)
- butylscopolamine (1)
- c-Myc (1)
- c-myc (1)
- calanoid copepods (1)
- calcium homeostasis (1)
- calcium influx (1)
- calcium ion signaling (1)
- calcium sparks (1)
- calcium-rich hardwater lakes (1)
- calibration (1)
- calorie restriction (1)
- calprotectin (1)
- cambial phenology (1)
- cancellous bone (1)
- cancer cells (1)
- cancer immunity (1)
- cancer risk (1)
- cancer stem cell (1)
- cancer stem cells (1)
- candidemia (1)
- capability approach (1)
- capsule (1)
- capsule-in-capsule (1)
- capture-mark-recapture (1)
- carbapenamase (1)
- carbapenem (1)
- carbene (1)
- carbene ligands (1)
- carbocations (1)
- carbodicarbene (1)
- carbohydrate metabolism (1)
- carbon (1)
- carbon allocation (1)
- carbon balance (1)
- carbon catabolite repression (1)
- carbon contamination (1)
- carbon dioxide (1)
- carbon dioxide–based separation (1)
- carbon fluxes (1)
- carbon loss (1)
- carbon storage (1)
- carbon–carbon lyase (1)
- carboplatin (1)
- carboxyesterase (1)
- cardiac (1)
- cardiac H9c2 cells (1)
- cardiac failure (1)
- cardiac fibroblast (1)
- cardiac index (1)
- cardiac remodelling (1)
- cardiac surgery (1)
- cardiolipin composition (1)
- cardiometabolic diseases (1)
- cardiometabolic health (1)
- cardiomyocyte (1)
- cardiomyogenic differentiation (1)
- cardioprotection (1)
- cardiopulmonary disease (1)
- cardiorespiratory exercise capacity (1)
- cardiotoxicity (1)
- cardiovascular diseas (1)
- cardiovascular health (1)
- cardiovascular implants (1)
- care (1)
- care management (1)
- career trajectories (1)
- caregiver (1)
- caregiving (1)
- cargo ships (1)
- caries prevelance (1)
- caries prevention (1)
- caries prevention program (1)
- carnitine (1)
- carotid endarterectomy (1)
- carp (1)
- carrageenan (1)
- cartilage (1)
- cascade reaction (1)
- case duration (1)
- case illustration (1)
- case-control study (1)
- casein kinase II (1)
- caspase-3/7 assay (1)
- catalogue of criteria (1)
- catalyses (1)
- catalytic triad (1)
- catchment (1)
- catechol-1,2-dioxygenase (ACDO1) (1)
- cathepsins (1)
- cathodes (1)
- cattle (1)
- causality (1)
- causation (1)
- cavity QED (1)
- cavity ring-down (1)
- cell adhesion (1)
- cell cycle arrest (1)
- cell cycle regulator (1)
- cell elasticity (1)
- cell fractionation (1)
- cell free conversion (1)
- cell membrane (1)
- cell membrane stabilizer (1)
- cell physiology (1)
- cell proliferation regulating inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (1)
- cell spreading (1)
- cell surface antigens (1)
- cell wall metabolism (1)
- cell-material interaction (1)
- cell-surface proteins (1)
- cellobiose (1)
- cells (1)
- cellular regulation (1)
- cellular sensitivity (1)
- cellulose degradation (1)
- cell‐surface contacts (1)
- central hemodynamics (1)
- central pattern generation (1)
- central sensitization (1)
- cerebral (1)
- cerebral hemorrhage (1)
- cerebral palsy (1)
- cerebral thrombosis (1)
- cerebral toxoplasmosis (1)
- cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (1)
- cerebrospinal fluid; (1)
- certified prostate cancer centers (1)
- cesarean section (1)
- ch14.18 (1)
- ch14.18/CHO (1)
- changes (1)
- character strengths (1)
- characterization of patients (1)
- charcoal (1)
- charge measurement (1)
- charge-density-wave (1)
- checkerboard (1)
- chemerin (1)
- chemo-sensitivity (1)
- chemoenzymatic cascade (1)
- chemokine receptors (1)
- chemoluminescence immunoassay (1)
- child (1)
- childhood (1)
- chiral metabolism (1)
- chiral resolution (1)
- chiral stationary phase (1)
- chiroptera (1)
- chitin-binding domain (1)
- chondrocyte isolation (1)
- chondroitin sulfate (1)
- chondrosarcoma (1)
- chromatin (1)
- chromatin remodeling (1)
- chromoplexy (1)
- chromosomal translocations (1)
- chromosomally inserted plasmid (1)
- chromosome conformation capture (1)
- chronic (1)
- chronic (health) condition (1)
- chronic condition (1)
- chronic depression (1)
- chronic inflammation (1)
- chronic kidney disease (CKD) (1)
- chronic periodontitis (1)
- chronic post-stroke aphasia (1)
- chronic psychological stress (1)
- chronic stroke (1)
- chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease (1)
- chronic wound (1)
- chronic wounds (1)
- chronischer psychischer Streß (1)
- chronotypes (1)
- circadian clock (1)
- circadian rhythm (1)
- cirrhosis (1)
- cis-muconic acid (1)
- citrulline (1)
- claims data (1)
- classification models (1)
- classification system (1)
- classroom characteristics (1)
- clavicle fracture (1)
- clavicular combination injury (1)
- clay mineral (1)
- clay-iron interaction (1)
- clear cell foci (1)
- clear cell foci of altered hepatocytes (1)
- clear cell renal cell carcinoma (1)
- cleavage (1)
- click chemistry (1)
- climate (1)
- climate adaptation (1)
- climate awareness (1)
- climate behavior (1)
- climate change mitigation (1)
- climate conditions (1)
- climate elasticity (1)
- climate extreme (1)
- climate fluctuations (1)
- climate justice (1)
- climate mitigation (1)
- climate protection (1)
- climate regime (1)
- climate signal age effects (1)
- climate variability (1)
- climate-growth relationship (1)
- climatic adaptation (1)
- cline (1)
- clinical attachment level (1)
- clinical chemistry (1)
- clinical classifications (1)
- clinical decision (1)
- clinical decision support (1)
- clinical decision support tool (1)
- clinical decision-making (1)
- clinical diagnosis (1)
- clinical drugs (1)
- clinical guideline recommendations (1)
- clinical innovation (1)
- clinical pharmacology (1)
- clinical practice (1)
- clinical trial (1)
- clinically important restrictions and symptoms (1)
- clonal (1)
- clonal complex (1)
- clonal growth (1)
- clonal reproduction (1)
- clonal trees (1)
- closed chamber method (1)
- cloud removal (1)
- cluster formation (1)
- cluster model (1)
- cluster-randomized controlled trial (1)
- co-occurrence (1)
- co-occurrence network (1)
- co-substrate recycling (1)
- co-transcriptional regulation (1)
- coalification (1)
- coastal aquifer (1)
- coastal dunes (1)
- coastal geomorphology (1)
- coastal sand dunes (1)
- coated (1)
- codon (1)
- coffee metabolites (1)
- cognition(s) (1)
- cognitive intervention (1)
- cognitive neuroscience (1)
- cognitive reappraisal (1)
- cognitively normal (1)
- cohort (1)
- cohorts (1)
- cold (1)
- cold argon plasma (1)
- cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) (1)
- cold atmospheric pressure plasmajet (1)
- cold edge (1)
- cold events (1)
- cold hardiness (1)
- cold physical plasmas (1)
- cold plasma (1)
- cold shock proteins (1)
- cold tolerance (1)
- collaborative care (1)
- collagen-induced arthritis (1)
- collapsin response mediator protein 2 (1)
- collective action (1)
- colocalization (1)
- colon (1)
- colonic atresia (1)
- colonization type (1)
- colony biofilm (1)
- colony counting (1)
- color space differences (1)
- combination assay (1)
- combination with antibiotic (1)
- commensal (1)
- common cause hypothesis (1)
- common garden experiment (1)
- common pool resources (1)
- communication skills (1)
- communication studies (1)
- communities (1)
- community detection (1)
- community settings (1)
- community-based participatory research (1)
- commuting (1)
- compensation account (1)
- compensatory growth (1)
- competence (1)
- competence, oligopeptide (1)
- competition (1)
- complement (1)
- complement activation (1)
- complement dependent cytotoxicity (1)
- complement-dependent cytotoxicity (1)
- complete blood count (1)
- complete genome (1)
- complex lipids (1)
- complex plasmas (1)
- complex problem solving (CPS) (1)
- complex regional pain syndrome (1)
- compliance (1)
- complications (1)
- composite ridges (1)
- composition (1)
- compound (1)
- compression injury (1)
- compression-coated tablet (1)
- computational fluid dynamics (1)
- computational modeling (1)
- computational simulation (1)
- computer invention (1)
- computer-based interventions (1)
- computer-based testing (1)
- computer-interpretable guideline (1)
- concentration coefficient (1)
- concussion (1)
- conditional random field (1)
- conduit reinforcement (1)
- confessionalization (1)
- conflict (1)
- conformational changes (1)
- congenital (1)
- congenital abnormality (1)
- congenital heart disease (1)
- congenital hyperinsulinism (1)
- coniferous trees (1)
- connectivity (1)
- consciousness (1)
- consensus and efficiency (1)
- consent (1)
- conservation management (1)
- conservation planning (1)
- consistent (1)
- consolidated framework for implementation research (1)
- constant therapy (1)
- construal (1)
- contact angle (1)
- contact killing surface (1)
- contact model (1)
- contact tracing (1)
- contamination (1)
- continental slope (1)
- continuous manufacturing (1)
- continuous outcome (1)
- contourites (1)
- contribution margin (1)
- control (1)
- control diet (1)
- control measure (1)
- control measures (1)
- convective gas flow (1)
- convolutional neural networks (1)
- copepod eggs (1)
- coping skills (1)
- copper nitride (1)
- copper(II) complexes (1)
- copulatory mechanics (1)
- copy number variants (1)
- cormorants (1)
- coronary heart disease (1)
- corpus callosum (1)
- correlation analysis (1)
- correlation studies (1)
- corridor development strategies (1)
- corrosion (1)
- cortical thickness (1)
- corticospinal excitability (1)
- cost (1)
- cost analysis (1)
- cost of illness (1)
- costal arch fracture (1)
- costing (1)
- coumarins (1)
- counseling (1)
- counterfactual analysis (1)
- counterfactual scenarios (1)
- counter‐gradient variation (1)
- coupled phonon-plasmon modes (1)
- coupling efficiency (1)
- cranial (1)
- craniofacial morphology (1)
- creative thinking (1)
- creative/fluent verbal association (1)
- creativity (1)
- crenolanib (1)
- crisis communication (1)
- crispr/cas9 (1)
- criterial (1)
- crop production (1)
- cross border education (1)
- cross-border multiprofessional team (1)
- cross-cultural psychology (1)
- cross-lagged panel design (1)
- cross-sectional study (1)
- crossover Design (1)
- cross‐stress tolerance (1)
- crp (1)
- cruise ships (1)
- crustaceans (1)
- cryofixation (1)
- cryptic species (1)
- cryptochrome (1)
- crystallized intelligence (1)
- culture based method (1)
- culture conditions (1)
- cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (1)
- cuttlefish (1)
- cyanobacterial protease inhibitors (1)
- cyanotoxin (1)
- cyberbullying (1)
- cyclic voltammetry (1)
- cyclin dependent kinase (1)
- cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (1)
- cyclooxygenase-2 (1)
- cylindrical wave (1)
- cylindrospermopsin (1)
- cytochrome P450 (1)
- cytokine (1)
- cytokine adsorption (1)
- cytokinesis (1)
- cytoplasmic membrane (1)
- cytoskeleton (1)
- cytotoxic (1)
- cytotoxic activity (1)
- da Vinci (1)
- daidzein (1)
- dairy cows (1)
- dalbavancin (1)
- damage-associated molecular patterns (1)
- dancers (1)
- data (1)
- data integration (1)
- data mining (1)
- data quality (1)
- data quality monitoring (1)
- data reporting (1)
- data sciences (1)
- data-mining (1)
- dating (1)
- de novo mutations (1)
- decanol (1)
- decay (1)
- deciduous teeth (1)
- decision making of governments (1)
- decision regret (1)
- deep biosphere (1)
- deep pluralism (1)
- deep sea (1)
- deep sequencing (1)
- deep tracheal aspirate (1)
- deep‐marine deposits (1)
- defensive Reaktivität (1)
- defensive flexibility (1)
- defensive reactivity (1)
- deforestation and forest degradation (1)
- degeneracy (1)
- degradation (1)
- dehalogenasen (1)
- dehydroepiandrosterone (1)
- dehydronorketamine (1)
- dehydroxylation (1)
- deiodinase (1)
- delayed recovery (1)
- delegation (1)
- deliberative accountability (1)
- delivery mode (1)
- dementia care (1)
- democratic backsliding (1)
- democratic decision making (1)
- democratic theory (1)
- demographic change (1)
- dendritic spine function (1)
- dendrochemistry (1)
- dendroclimatology (1)
- dendrometer measurements (1)
- dendrophenotype (1)
- dengue virus (1)
- denial (1)
- density limit (1)
- dental (1)
- dental caries (1)
- dental education (1)
- dental flossing (1)
- dental general anesthesia (1)
- dental implant (1)
- dental pain, dental emergency, management plan (1)
- dental plaque (1)
- dental students (1)
- dental trauma (1)
- dentine (1)
- dentistry (1)
- dentition, permanent (1)
- depositional environment (1)
- depresion (1)
- derivatives (1)
- dermal full-thickness wounds (1)
- dermatofibroma (1)
- dermatology (1)
- dermatophytosis (1)
- destination image (1)
- destination loyalty (1)
- detergents (1)
- determinants (1)
- deterrents (1)
- developing countries (1)
- developmental origins of health and disease (1)
- diabetic foot (1)
- diagenesis (1)
- diagnosis-related groups (DRG) (1)
- diagnostic (genetic) characters (1)
- diagnostic and predictive genetic analyses (1)
- diagnostic error (1)
- diagnostic radiologic examination (1)
- diagnostic support (1)
- diagnostic techniques and procedures (1)
- diagnostic tests/Investigation (1)
- diallyl polysulfane (1)
- diarrhoea (1)
- diatom (1)
- diazoxide (1)
- dice lattice (1)
- dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) (1)
- dielectric response (1)
- dielektrisch behinderte Entladung (1)
- diet-induced obesity (1)
- dietary change (1)
- differential diagnosis (1)
- difficult pro-environmental behaviors (1)
- diffuse nutrient runoff (1)
- diffusion (1)
- diffusion tension imaging (DTI) (1)
- diffusion tractography (1)
- diffusion within multilayers (1)
- digital elevation models (1)
- dihedral principal component analysis (1)
- dihydrochalcones (1)
- dihydrogen phosphate (1)
- diketocamphane monooxygenase (1)
- dilatative Kardiomyopathie (1)
- dilated cardiomyopathy (1)
- dinutuximab (1)
- dioxygenase (1)
- direct-on-target microdroplet growth assay (1)
- directed acyclic graphs (1)
- dirty mouse (1)
- disability (1)
- disagreement (1)
- disaster (1)
- disaster management cycle (1)
- discharge evolution (1)
- discharge mode transition (1)
- disease behavior (1)
- disease emergence (1)
- disease model (1)
- disease progression (1)
- disease recognition (1)
- disease severity (1)
- disease vector (1)
- disease-modifying therapy (1)
- displacement peat (1)
- disruption (1)
- dissolution (1)
- dissolution mechanism (1)
- dissolution method (1)
- dissolution methods (1)
- distress (1)
- distribution (1)
- district hospital (1)
- dithiolene (1)
- dithiolene ligand (1)
- diurnal rhythm (1)
- divergent thinking (DT) (1)
- diversification (1)
- divertor (1)
- doliolids (1)
- domain growth (1)
- domain unfolding (1)
- domain-specific language (1)
- donor human milk (1)
- dormancy induction (1)
- dormancy level (1)
- dormancy release (1)
- dot blot (1)
- dragonfly migration (1)
- drift waves (1)
- drivers (1)
- droplet microfluidics (1)
- drought limitation (1)
- droughts (1)
- drug (1)
- drug delivery (1)
- drug design (1)
- drug discovery (1)
- drug metabolizing enzymes (1)
- drug screening (1)
- drug trials (1)
- drug-drug interaction (1)
- drug-eluting (1)
- drug-eluting implant (1)
- drug–drug interaction (1)
- dry edge (1)
- dry-cold season (1)
- drying–rewetting (1)
- dual RAS blockade (1)
- dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (1)
- dual task (1)
- duale Halbgruppe (1)
- ductal closure (1)
- ductal epithelium (1)
- duktale Adenokarzinom des Pankreas (1)
- duration (1)
- dust (1)
- dust charge (1)
- dust-density waves (1)
- dynamic light scattering (1)
- dynamic simulation (1)
- dynaxity (1)
- dysferlin (1)
- dysplasia (1)
- dystrophin (1)
- dystrophin deficient (1)
- e-health (1)
- eGFR (1)
- eHealth (1)
- ear canal stenosis (1)
- early childhood caries (1)
- early competencies (1)
- early detection of cancer (1)
- early life discrimination (1)
- early onset MS (1)
- early-life adversity (1)
- ease of swallowing (1)
- eating behavior (1)
- eating behaviour (1)
- echocardiography (1)
- ecological momentary assessment (1)
- ecological succession (1)
- ecologyeng (1)
- economic burden (1)
- economic development (1)
- ecophysiology (1)
- ecosystem diversity (1)
- ecosystem dynamics (1)
- ecosystem functioning (1)
- ecosystem modeling (1)
- ecosystem service valuation (1)
- ectogenic meromixis (1)
- edentulism (1)
- educast (1)
- educational decisions (1)
- educational podcast (1)
- effect (1)
- effective public participation (1)
- effectiveness (1)
- effector memory T cells (TEMs) (1)
- efflux (1)
- efflux pump inhibitor (1)
- egc superantigens (1)
- egc-Superantigene (1)
- eigenvector centrality mapping (1)
- electoral law reform (1)
- electric field (1)
- electric fields (1)
- electric propulsion (1)
- electroconvulsive therapy (1)
- electromyography (1)
- electron bath (1)
- electron cyclotron emission (1)
- electron emission (1)
- electron energy loss spectroscopy (1)
- electron microscopy (1)
- electron transfer (1)
- electron-positron plasma (1)
- electronegativity (1)
- electronic health records (1)
- electronic structure (1)
- electron–positron plasma (1)
- elements (1)
- ellipsometry (1)
- embodied cognition (1)
- emergence behaviour (1)
- emergency alert (1)
- emergency imaging (1)
- emerging diseases (1)
- emotion perception (1)
- emotion processing (1)
- emotional memory (1)
- emotional stress (1)
- emotionales Gedächtnis (1)
- empathetic concern (1)
- empirical modelling (1)
- enable-cluster (1)
- enamel (1)
- enantiopure ( (1)
- enantioselectivity (1)
- endemic region (1)
- endodormancy (1)
- endolysin (1)
- endoplasmic reticulum stress (1)
- endoscopic characteristics (1)
- endoscopy (1)
- endoskopishe-assistierte (1)
- endosymbiont (1)
- endosymbionts (1)
- endothelial activation (1)
- endothelial cells VEGF (1)
- endothelial-specific gene expression (1)
- endothelin receptor expression (1)
- endothelin system (1)
- endotoxemia (1)
- energetic ion (1)
- energy metabolism (1)
- energy-resolved ion mass spectrometry (1)
- enolase (1)
- entanglement (1)
- enteral nutrition (1)
- enteric hard capsule (1)
- enterotoxin gene cluster (1)
- entry (1)
- environmental DNA (1)
- environmental DNA (eDNA) (1)
- environmental activism (1)
- environmental change (1)
- environmental drivers (1)
- environmental economics (1)
- environmental epidemiology (1)
- environmental ethics (1)
- environmental factors (1)
- environmental gradient (1)
- environmental history (1)
- environmental offsets (1)
- environmental parameters (1)
- environmental proteomics (1)
- environmental psychology (1)
- environmental samples (1)
- environmental stress (1)
- environmental surveillance (1)
- enzyme cascade (1)
- enzyme evolution (1)
- enzyme immunoassay (1)
- enzyme promiscuity (1)
- eolian activity (1)
- eosinophilic esophagitis (1)
- eosinophilic granuloma (1)
- eosinophils (1)
- epidemiologische Studien (1)
- epidermal differentiation inhibitors (1)
- epidermal growth factor receptor (1)
- epigenome (1)
- epilepsy of unknown origin (1)
- epileptic encephalopathies (1)
- epithelial cells (1)
- epithelial fluid secretion (1)
- epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (1)
- epoxid hydrolasen (1)
- epoxide hydrolase (1)
- erythrocyte (1)
- esophageal diseases (1)
- esophageal transport (1)
- esophagus (1)
- esophagus therapy (1)
- essentail oils (1)
- essential thrombocythemia (ET) (1)
- essentials elements (1)
- esterases (1)
- estimated bone mineral density (1)
- estradiol (1)
- estradiol; (1)
- estrogen (1)
- estrogen receptor (1)
- estrone sulfate transporter (1)
- estrone-3-sulfate (1)
- ethics expertise (1)
- ethics of media use (1)
- ethics of shame (1)
- ethidium bromide uptake (1)
- ethnobotany (1)
- evaluation of ecological restoration measures (1)
- evaporation (1)
- evapotranspiration (1)
- event coincidence analysis (1)
- event-related potential (1)
- evidence-based medicine (1)
- evidence-based practice (1)
- evoked potentials (1)
- evolution (1)
- evolutionary lineage (1)
- evolutionary potential (1)
- ex vivo measurements (1)
- exclusion (1)
- exfoliative toxins (1)
- exhaled breath (1)
- existence regimes (1)
- exopolysaccharides (1)
- exosomes (1)
- expectancy violation (1)
- expectations (1)
- experimental microcosms (1)
- experimental plant ecology (1)
- experimental radiology (1)
- experimental stroke (1)
- expert identification (1)
- expert opinion adjudication (1)
- expertise (1)
- exploratory data analysis (1)
- expression analysis (1)
- extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing (1)
- extension of glacier records (1)
- external auditory canal (1)
- external evidence (1)
- extinction (1)
- extinction risk (1)
- extra-organismal DNA (1)
- extracellular matrix proteins (1)
- extracellular traps (1)
- extracellular vesicle (EV) (1)
- extracellular vesicle isolation (1)
- extracellular vesicles diagnostics (1)
- extracorporeal life support (1)
- extraction (1)
- extractions (1)
- extraocular muscles (1)
- extravasation (1)
- extreme warming events (1)
- eye lens cell membrane (1)
- eye-disease (1)
- eye-tracking (1)
- fNIRS (1)
- fT3 (1)
- fT4 (1)
- face memory (1)
- facial emotional recognition (1)
- facial expression (1)
- fagus sylvatica (1)
- fall (1)
- family VIII carboxylesterase (1)
- family structure (1)
- farming (1)
- fast optical and electrical diagnostics (1)
- fasted and fed state conditions (1)
- fat (1)
- fat-free mass (1)
- fatty acid (1)
- fatty acid composition (1)
- fatty aldehydes (1)
- fdtd (1)
- fear bradycardia (1)
- fear conditioning (1)
- fear extinction (1)
- fear of abandonment (1)
- feature selection (1)
- fecal culture (1)
- fecal headspace (1)
- feces (1)
- feedstock (1)
- female hormones (1)
- feminist epistemology (1)
- femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (1)
- femoroplasty (1)
- fen rewetting (1)
- fertility decisions (1)
- fetal and adult neurogenesis (1)
- fetal tolerance (1)
- fetal zone steroids; (1)
- fibrinogen (1)
- fibroblast activation protein α (1)
- fibroblasts (1)
- field experiment (1)
- figural matrices (1)
- films (1)
- findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable data principles (1)
- finger counting (1)
- finger-based training (1)
- finger-tapping task (1)
- fingerprinting (1)
- finite difference in time domain (1)
- finite systems (1)
- fish (live) (1)
- fish vaccine (1)
- fisheries (1)
- flash freezing (1)
- flavin reductase (1)
- flesh (1)
- floating clavicle (1)
- floating mat (1)
- flooded grasslands (1)
- florfenicol (1)
- flossing (1)
- flow cytometry (1)
- flow cytometry – methods (1)
- flow dynamics (1)
- flow tank (1)
- flow‐mediated dilation (1)
- fluid (gf) and crystallized intelligence (gc) (1)
- fluid modelling (1)
- fluid simulation (1)
- fluorescein-guided biopsy (1)
- fluorescein-guided surgery (1)
- fluorescence imaging (1)
- fluorescence-activated cell sorting (1)
- fluorescent lamp (1)
- fluorescent lamps (1)
- fluorescent pseudomonads (1)
- fluoride (1)
- fluorine (1)
- fluoroscopy (1)
- fluorosis (1)
- focal cerebral ischemia (1)
- focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (1)
- focused ion beam (1)
- follow-up treatment (1)
- food chain (1)
- food cravings (1)
- food geographies (1)
- food industry (1)
- food markets (1)
- food production industry (1)
- food quantity (1)
- food safety (1)
- food spoilage (1)
- food spoilers (1)
- foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) (1)
- forcing (1)
- forecasts (1)
- foredune progradation (1)
- forest conversion (1)
- forest ecosystem research (1)
- forest fire (1)
- forest growth-trends (1)
- forest inventory (1)
- forest management regime (1)
- forest monitoring (1)
- forest understory vegetation (1)
- forest value perception (1)
- forests (1)
- formaldehyde (1)
- formalin fixed and embedded brain sample (1)
- former nurse (1)
- former nurses (1)
- formulation design (1)
- formylglycine-generating enzyme (1)
- fractals (1)
- free amino acids (1)
- free light chains kappa (1)
- free probability (1)
- free radicals (1)
- free will (1)
- freedom (1)
- frontal alpha activity (1)
- frontal beta activity (1)
- fronto-temporal cortex (1)
- froth flotation (1)
- ftir spectroscopy (1)
- full-wave (1)
- fumarate reductase (1)
- functional analyses (1)
- functional connectivity (1)
- functional models (1)
- functional outcome (1)
- functional recovery (1)
- functional traits (1)
- funding data (1)
- funding priorities (1)
- fungal diversity (1)
- fungal endophytes (1)
- fungal growth inhibition (1)
- fungi (1)
- fungicide (1)
- funktionelle Analyse (1)
- funktionelle MRT (1)
- furunculosis (1)
- fusarium (1)
- fusidic acid (1)
- fusion loops (1)
- fusion plasma (1)
- gH/gL complex (1)
- gag reflex (1)
- gallic acid decarboxylase (AGDC1) (1)
- gambling (1)
- gamma (1)
- gamma distribution (1)
- gamma-Lactamase (1)
- gamma-lactamase (1)
- ganglioside GD2 (1)
- gap analysis (1)
- gas cell (1)
- gas plasma technology (1)
- gastric emptying (1)
- gastrointestinal cancer (1)
- gastrointestinal lymphoma (1)
- gastrointestinal microbiome (1)
- geistige Behinderung (1)
- gel matrix tablets (1)
- gel-based and gel-free proteomic analysis (1)
- gel-free mass spectrometry (1)
- gel-free proteomics (1)
- gemcitabine (1)
- gemeindebasierte Krankenversicherung (1)
- gender inequality (1)
- gene (1)
- gene library (1)
- gene repression (1)
- gene structure (1)
- general hospital (1)
- general mental ability (1)
- general population sample (1)
- general population-based cohort (1)
- general public (1)
- general stress response (1)
- generelle Stressantwort (1)
- genetic association study (1)
- genetic code expansion (1)
- genetic correlation (1)
- genetic correlation analysis (1)
- genetic councelling (1)
- genetic counseling (1)
- genetic predisposition (1)
- genetic risk (1)
- genetic testing (1)
- genetically encoded sensors (1)
- genistein (1)
- genitalia (1)
- genome comparison (1)
- genomic epidemiology (1)
- genotype (1)
- genotype by environment interaction (1)
- genotype-phenotype associations (1)
- genotype–environment interaction (1)
- genotype–phenotype associations (1)
- genotyping‐by‐sequencing (1)
- geochemistry (1)
- geochronology (1)
- geographical variability (1)
- geologic carbon storage (1)
- geology (1)
- geophysics (1)
- geopolymer (1)
- gepulster Betrieb (1)
- geriatric medicine (1)
- geriatrics (1)
- gerichtete Evolution (1)
- germ stem cell (1)
- germinal center reaction (1)
- germination (1)
- gestural-verbal association (1)
- gesundheitssystem (1)
- ghost cells (1)
- gilteritinib (1)
- gingival biotype (1)
- gingivale Rezession (1)
- gingivaler Biotyp (1)
- glacial (1)
- glacier skiing (1)
- glaciers (1)
- glaciology (1)
- glacitectonics (1)
- glandular tissue (1)
- glass transition (1)
- glia (1)
- glioblastoma (1)
- global (1)
- global change (1)
- global production networks (1)
- global warming (1)
- globalization (1)
- glomerular filtration rate (1)
- glomerulus (1)
- glow-like discharge (1)
- glow-to-arc transition (1)
- glucocorticoids (1)
- glucose homeostasis (1)
- glucose metabolism (1)
- glucose tolerance (1)
- glucose uptake (1)
- glutaredoxin (1)
- glutaredoxin 2 (1)
- glutaredoxins (1)
- glutathione peroxidase (1)
- glutathione peroxidase-1 (1)
- gluteus maximus flap transfer (1)
- gluteus medius (1)
- glycolysis (1)
- glycoprotein H (1)
- glycosaminoglycans (1)
- glycosidases (1)
- glycoside hydrolase (1)
- glycosidic torsion angles (1)
- glycosylation (1)
- go/no-go task (1)
- goat polymorphisms (1)
- gold dissolution (1)
- gold nanoparticles (1)
- gonad (1)
- goose bumps (1)
- goose-fronting (1)
- governance (1)
- government activity (1)
- governments (1)
- grade level differences (1)
- gradient experiment (1)
- gradient-design field experiment (1)
- granulocyte subpopulation (1)
- granuloma (1)
- graph analysis (1)
- graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (1)
- graphite furnace technique (1)
- grassland (1)
- grassland ecosystem (1)
- gray matter volume (1)
- grazing (1)
- great plate count anomaly (1)
- greenfield FDI (1)
- greenfields (1)
- greenhouse experiment (1)
- greenhouse gas emission (1)
- greenhouse gas emissions (1)
- grit (1)
- gross tumor volume optimization (1)
- ground spiders (1)
- group B streptococcus (1)
- group prevention (1)
- group therapy (1)
- growth dynamics (1)
- growth factors (1)
- growth inhibition (1)
- growth inhibitory effect (1)
- growth rates (1)
- growth response (1)
- growth–climate response (1)
- guanosine analogs (1)
- guideline (1)
- guideline [MeSH] (1)
- guideline adherence (1)
- gustation (1)
- gustatorische Balz (1)
- gustatory courtship (1)
- gut microbiome (1)
- gut microbiota (1)
- gut–lung axis (1)
- gymnosperms (1)
- gyrokinetic (1)
- gyrokinetics (1)
- gyrokinetisch (1)
- hBD3 (1)
- habitat (1)
- habituation (1)
- hair follicles (1)
- hairpin ribozyme (1)
- halide methyltransferase (1)
- halides (1)
- haloalkane (1)
- haloalkane dehalogenases (1)
- haloarchaea (1)
- haloperoxidase (1)
- hand function (1)
- handgrip strength (1)
- haplogyne (1)
- haploidentical allogeneic stem cell transplantation (1)
- haplotypes (1)
- harm avoidance (1)
- harsh sounds (1)
- harvesting tools (1)
- hay fever (1)
- hazard type (1)
- hazardous alcohol consumption (1)
- hcc (1)
- head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (1)
- head motion (1)
- headache (1)
- healing (1)
- healtcare (1)
- health behaviors (1)
- health care (1)
- health care delivery (1)
- health care quality (1)
- health care satisfaction (1)
- health costs (1)
- health economic analysis (1)
- health information network (1)
- health risk behaviors (1)
- health risk factors (1)
- health service research (1)
- health services research (1)
- health-related quality of life (HRQL) (1)
- healthcare surveys (1)
- healthcare utilization (1)
- healthy aging (1)
- healthy human oral microbiome (1)
- healthy older adults (1)
- healthy participants (1)
- hearing impairment (1)
- heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (1)
- heart rate variability (HRV) (1)
- heat shock protein 27 (1)
- heat shock response (1)
- heat tolerance (1)
- heat-shock proteins (1)
- heavy actinides (1)
- heavy metal (1)
- heavy-episodic drinking (1)
- helicon, fluorescence, accelerator (1)
- helium barrier discharge (1)
- helium–oxygen barrier discharge (1)
- help-seeking intervention (1)
- helplessness (1)
- hematogenous (1)
- hematogenous implant-related infections (1)
- hematologic dysfunction (1)
- hematologic malignancies (1)
- hematophagous leeches (1)
- hematopoiesis (1)
- hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (1)
- hemoglobin A1c (1)
- hemolysin (1)
- hemolysis (1)
- hemostasis (1)
- heparin- and antibody-induced thrombocytopenia (1)
- heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (1)
- heparins (1)
- hepatic markers,MRI, General populations (1)
- hepatic pathology (1)
- hepatic steatosis (1)
- hepatitis C (1)
- hepatobiliary cancer (1)
- hepatocarcinogenesis (1)
- herausnehmbaren Zahnersatz (1)
- herbivory (1)
- hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (1)
- hereditary pancreatitis (1)
- hereditary thrombocytopenias (1)
- heritage languages (1)
- heterogeneity (1)
- heterogeneous catalysis (1)
- hibernation (1)
- hidden populations (1)
- high fat diet (1)
- high performance (1)
- high power impulse magnetron sputtering (1)
- high school students (1)
- high spatial resolution (1)
- high temperature (1)
- high temperatures (1)
- high-ability tracked students (1)
- high-frequency heart rate variability (1)
- high-resolution manometry (1)
- high-risk neuroblastoma (1)
- high-throughput screening (1)
- high-throughput sequencing (1)
- higher education (1)
- high‐risk (1)
- hip (1)
- hip arthroscopy (1)
- hip joint (1)
- hip preservation (1)
- hip region (1)
- hip replacement (1)
- hippocampal subfields (1)
- hippocampal volume (1)
- hippocampus (1)
- hirudin‐like factors (1)
- histamine (1)
- histidine (1)
- histogram construction (1)
- histograms (1)
- histone variants (1)
- histopathology (1)
- history (1)
- history of fMRI (1)
- hollow cathode discharge (1)
- home nursing (1)
- home office (1)
- homoarginine (1)
- honeybees (1)
- horse (1)
- horticulture (1)
- hospital financing (1)
- host genetic diversity (1)
- host pathogen interactions (1)
- host plant quality (1)
- host preferences (1)
- host-pathogen-interaction (1)
- host-symbiont (1)
- host‐plant preference (1)
- hot spot (1)
- hotmelt extrusion (1)
- hotodecarboxylase (1)
- household income (1)
- human NTCP (1)
- human association studies (1)
- human breast milk (1)
- human disturbance (1)
- human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (1)
- human intestinal mucosa (1)
- human kidneys (1)
- human milk (1)
- human osteoblast cells (1)
- human osteoblasts (1)
- human population growth (1)
- human pregnancy (1)
- human resources (1)
- human umbilical vein endothelial cells (1)
- humane Zelllinien (1)
- humanized mice (1)
- humans (1)
- human–machine interaction (1)
- humoral immune response (1)
- hyaluronic acid (1)
- hyaluronic acid microgels (1)
- hybrid molecules (1)
- hybridization (1)
- hydration (1)
- hydraulic conductivity (1)
- hydraulic stability (1)
- hydraulic traits (1)
- hydrazones (1)
- hydrogen (1)
- hydrogen bond (1)
- hydrogen evolution (1)
- hydrogen phosphate (1)
- hydrogeochemistry (1)
- hydrolases (1)
- hydrological regimes (1)
- hydrolysis (1)
- hydrothermal vent (1)
- hydrothermal vents (1)
- hydroxyethyl starch (1)
- hydroxyl radicals (1)
- hydroxynorketamine (1)
- hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (1)
- hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate (1)
- hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (1)
- hydroxytyrosol (1)
- hydroxytyrosol acetate (1)
- hypermentalization (1)
- hyperoxia (1)
- hyperspectral image processing (1)
- hyperspectral imaging (1)
- hypertension (1)
- hyperthyroidism (1)
- hypnosis (1)
- hypochlorous acid (1)
- hypothermia (1)
- hypothyroidism (1)
- hypoxia reoxygenation (1)
- hypoxia reoxygenation injury (1)
- hypoxia-ischemia (1)
- iPSC-derived endothelial cells (1)
- iPSCs (1)
- ibuprofen (1)
- ice flow model (1)
- ice-wedge polygon mire (1)
- idealism (1)
- idiographic models (1)
- idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (1)
- idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (1)
- iliopsoas tendon (1)
- illiberalism (1)
- illite/smectite (1)
- image reconstruction (1)
- imaging (1)
- imaging artifact (1)
- imaging tools (1)
- imidazo[2,1-<i>c</i>][1,2,4]triazol-3(5<i>H</i>)-imines (1)
- imipenem (1)
- immediate and delayed memory (1)
- immobilization (1)
- immobilized (1)
- immune alterations (1)
- immune cells (1)
- immune complex (1)
- immune evasion cluster (1)
- immune polarization (1)
- immune response,European bats,Lyssaviruses (1)
- immune suppression (1)
- immuno-magnetic purification (1)
- immunoadsorption (1)
- immunofluorescence (1)
- immunoglobulin synthesis (1)
- immunoglobulins (1)
- immunomodulation (1)
- immunomonitoring immunotherapy (1)
- immunoproteasome (iP) (1)
- immunosenescence (1)
- immunosuppression (1)
- impact mitigation regulation (1)
- impairments (1)
- impingement (1)
- implant (1)
- implant coating (1)
- implants (1)
- implementation (1)
- implementation research (1)
- implicit biases (1)
- implied volatility surface (1)
- imprecision (1)
- impulse control (1)
- imputation (1)
- in silico target prediction (1)
- in situ (1)
- in vitro (1)
- in vitro anticancer activity (1)
- in vitro antitumor activity (1)
- in vitro dissolution (1)
- in vitro drug release (1)
- in vitro infection model (1)
- in vitro model (1)
- in vitro stability (1)
- in vitro testing (1)
- in vitro–ex vivo correlation (1)
- in vivo Proteomics (1)
- in vivo disintegration (1)
- in vivo disolution (1)
- in vivo proteomics (1)
- in vivo selection (1)
- in vivo study (1)
- in vivo virulence (1)
- in-situ Diagnostik (1)
- in-vitro Kultur (1)
- inactivated vaccine (1)
- inactivation (1)
- inactive nurse (1)
- inactivity (1)
- inbreeding (1)
- inbreeding depression (1)
- incidental finding (1)
- incision time (1)
- income (1)
- incremental validity (1)
- indicator injury (1)
- indirect effect (1)
- individual academic self-concept (SESSKO) (1)
- individual based (1)
- individual differences (1)
- individual fruit weight (1)
- individual participant data (1)
- individualised intervention (1)
- individualized feedback (1)
- individualized medicine (1)
- indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (1)
- indomethacin (1)
- induced pluripotent stem cells (1)
- inductively-limited discharge (1)
- industrial catalysis (1)
- infants (1)
- infected wounds (1)
- infectious diseases (1)
- infectious virus (1)
- infective endocarditis (1)
- infective endocarditis, antibody response, monoclonal antibodies, S. aureus, SplB, ClfA, FnBPA, Card-ii-Omics (1)
- inflammatory bowel disease (1)
- inflammatory bowel diseases (1)
- inflammatory/immunological response (1)
- influenza A virus infection (1)
- informal care (1)
- information retrieval (1)
- infrared light barrier (1)
- infrared spectroscopy (1)
- infrastructure (1)
- inherited cardiomyopathy (1)
- inherited platelet defects (1)
- inherited platelet disorders (1)
- inhibition of tumour cell proliferation (1)
- inhomogeneous plasma (1)
- inhomogenes plasma (1)
- initial data analysis (1)
- initial-Läsion (1)
- innate immune response (1)
- innate immune system (1)
- innate response activator B cells (IRA B cells) (1)
- innateness (1)
- inner urban development (1)
- inorganic materials (1)
- ins/del variant (1)
- insect migration (1)
- insect‐plant interaction (1)
- instabilities (1)
- instrumentality of harm (1)
- insufficient milk (1)
- insulin resistance (1)
- insulin-producing cells (1)
- insurance claims (1)
- integrated multi-omics (1)
- integrated stress response (1)
- integrative medicine (1)
- integrin (1)
- integrin signaling (1)
- integrin αIIbβ3 (1)
- intellectual disability (1)
- intelligence (1)
- intelligent tutoring systems (1)
- intensified treatment (1)
- intensive care unit acquired weakness (1)
- intensive speech-language therapy (1)
- inter-dental cleaning (1)
- interactions (1)
- interactive effect (1)
- interchange (1)
- intercomprehension (1)
- intercostal hernia (1)
- interdental brushes (1)
- interdental brushing (1)
- interdental cleaning aids (1)
- interdisciplinary (1)
- interdisciplinary health team (1)
- interdisziplinär (1)
- interferon (1)
- interferon-stimulated genes (ISG) (1)
- interferonopathy (1)
- interglacial (1)
- interhemispheric connectivity (1)
- interhemispheric inhibition (1)
- interlayers (1)
- interleukin 2 (1)
- interlingual transfer (1)
- internal energy (1)
- internal evidence (1)
- internet interventions (1)
- interozeptive Bedrohung (1)
- interpersonal problems (1)
- interpersonal skills (1)
- interprofessional attitude (1)
- interprofessional education (1)
- interregional migration (1)
- interspecific hybrids (1)
- interspecific polymorphism (1)
- interstitial lung disease (1)
- interstratification (1)
- intervention development (1)
- intervention measure (1)
- intervention measures (1)
- interventional EUS (1)
- intestinal application (1)
- intestinal parasite diversity (1)
- intestinal tract microbiome (1)
- intestinale Absorption (1)
- intra-class correlation (1)
- intramuscularly implantation (1)
- intraocular inflammation (1)
- intraoperative analgesia (1)
- intraoperative monitoring (1)
- intraportal pancreatic islet transplantation (1)
- intraseasonal variation (1)
- intraspecific diversity (1)
- intraspecific trait variation (1)
- intraspecific variation (1)
- intravaginal ring (1)
- intravitreal (1)
- intravitreal implants (1)
- introgression (1)
- invariant measure (1)
- invariantes Maß (1)
- invasion (1)
- invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing (1)
- invasive mold infection (1)
- invasive pneumococcal disease (1)
- invasive route (1)
- invertebrate host (1)
- invertebrate-derived DNA (iDNA) (1)
- in situ-ICP-MS (1)
- iodine deficiency disorders (1)
- ion accelerator (1)
- ion channels (1)
- ion chromatography (1)
- ion composition (1)
- ion drag (1)
- ion insertion (1)
- ion traps (1)
- ion-beam trap (1)
- ionenwind (1)
- ionizing radiation (1)
- ionosphere modeling (1)
- ipf-fd3d (1)
- ipratropium (1)
- iron (1)
- iron based superconductors (1)
- iron limitation (1)
- iron surrogates (1)
- iron-sulfur cluster (1)
- ischemia reperfusion (1)
- ischemia-induced cell death (1)
- islet transplantation (1)
- isobutyrylcarnitine (1)
- isoflavonoid (1)
- isoprenoid degradation (1)
- isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) (1)
- isotherme Titrationskalorimetrie (1)
- isotherms (1)
- isotopic labeling (1)
- item banking (1)
- jaw (1)
- jep Gene (1)
- job performance (1)
- job satisfaction (1)
- jobe test (1)
- judgment (1)
- justice sensitivity (1)
- juvenile idiopathic arthritis (1)
- kINPen MED (1)
- kINPen plasma jet (1)
- kINpen (1)
- kappa free light chains (1)
- kappa-free light chains (KFLC) (1)
- katalytische Aktivität (1)
- katalytische Promiskuität (1)
- keine Angaben (1)
- keratinocyte (1)
- keratinocytes (1)
- kerogen (1)
- ketoreductase (1)
- keystone taxa (1)
- kidney biopsy (1)
- kidney-on-a-chip (1)
- kinase inhibitors (1)
- kinases (1)
- kinetic modelling (1)
- kinetic resolution (1)
- klinischer Attachmentverlust (1)
- knock-out (1)
- knockout (1)
- knowledge transfer (1)
- knowledge-is-power (1)
- konsistent (1)
- konsistente Schätzung (1)
- kortikale Verarbeitung (1)
- kraniofaziale Morphologie (1)
- krankenhaus (1)
- kurstakin (1)
- kw: Graph Theory (1)
- kynurenines (1)
- künstliche Selektion (1)
- label-free quantitation (1)
- laboratory (1)
- laboratory mice (1)
- laboratory parameters (1)
- laboratory workflow (1)
- labour market attachment (1)
- lacewing larva (1)
- lack of concentration (1)
- lack of energy (1)
- lactoperoxidase (1)
- lake restoration. nutrient load reduction (1)
- lake sediments (1)
- lake-level fluctuations (1)
- lake‐level variations (1)
- laminarin (1)
- laminopathy (1)
- land conversion (1)
- land degradation (1)
- land snails (1)
- land system (1)
- land use and land cover change (1)
- land use change (1)
- landscape abundance (1)
- landscape dynamics (1)
- landwirtschaftlichen Kulturen (1)
- land‐use intensity (1)
- language attitudes (1)
- language disorders (1)
- language processing (1)
- language use (1)
- large cohort data (1)
- larval fish (1)
- larval fishes (1)
- larval responses (1)
- laser atomic absorption (1)
- laser coagulation (1)
- laser heating (1)
- laser photodesorption (1)
- laser surface texturing (1)
- late Holocene (1)
- late onset MS (1)
- late onset seizures (1)
- late-onset (1)
- latency (1)
- latency of affect (1)
- latency of object recognition (1)
- latent change model (1)
- latent class (1)
- latent class analysis (1)
- latent class model (1)
- latent class models (1)
- lateral spread (1)
- latewood blue intensity (1)
- layer-by-layer (1)
- lead compounds (1)
- lead structure (1)
- leadership (1)
- leaf (1)
- leaf phenology (1)
- leaf senescence (1)
- leaf-branch compost (1)
- leaf-wax (1)
- leafy greens (1)
- learned helplessness (1)
- learning (1)
- learning environment (1)
- learning objectives (1)
- lebensdauerabhängige Auftrittsgrößen (1)
- left-sided colon cancer (1)
- leiomyosarcoma (1)
- leisure activities (1)
- length (1)
- lethal dose 50 (1)
- leucocytes (1)
- leukemia (1)
- leukocidins (1)
- leukocyte activation (1)
- level of care (1)
- levetiracetam (1)
- levofloxacin (1)
- liberal democracy (1)
- lichen-associated bacteria (1)
- lichens (1)
- lidocaine (1)
- life cycle (1)
- life-span development (1)
- lifetime-depentend appearance size (1)
- life‐history traits (1)
- ligation (1)
- light (1)
- light intensity (1)
- light intensity (irradiance) (1)
- light microscopy (1)
- light pollution (1)
- light sheet fluorescence microscopy (1)
- light-sheet imaging (1)
- lignin (1)
- limbs (1)
- lineage‐specific region (1)
- linear discriminant analyses (1)
- linear gradient (1)
- linear mixed model (1)
- linguistic landscapes (1)
- lipase (1)
- lipid domain growth (1)
- lipid metabolism (1)
- lipid monolayer (1)
- lipid monolayers (1)
- lipid oxidation (1)
- lipid profile (1)
- lipidation (1)
- lipofilling (1)
- lipogenesis (1)
- lipopeptide (1)
- lipopeptides (1)
- lipoprotein (1)
- lipoprotein profile (1)
- lipoprotein profiling (1)
- lipoproteins (1)
- liposomes (1)
- liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (1)
- liquid-liquid extraction (1)
- literature (1)
- literature review (1)
- live birth (1)
- live marker vaccine (1)
- live-cell imaging (1)
- live/dead cell imaging (1)
- liver ablation (1)
- liver failure (1)
- liver fat content (1)
- liver fibrosis (1)
- liver inflammation (1)
- liver metastasis (1)
- liver pathology (1)
- liver regeneration (1)
- liver support (1)
- liver transplantation (1)
- livestock keeping (1)
- lncRNA (1)
- local anesthetic, dentistry, pain, Inferior alveolar nerve block, RCT (1)
- local drug targeting (1)
- localization (1)
- lockdowns (1)
- locus coeruleus (1)
- logarithmic function (1)
- lokales wissen (1)
- long COVID (1)
- long-read sequencing (1)
- long-term (1)
- long-term follow-up (1)
- long-term infusion (1)
- long-term potentiation (1)
- longitudinal (1)
- longitudinal research (1)
- longitudinal sound change (1)
- long‐term home care (1)
- lottocracy (1)
- low and mid income countries (1)
- low-carbon behavior (1)
- low-grade inflammation (1)
- low-temperature plasma (1)
- low-temperature plasma polymerization (1)
- low‐temperature plasma (1)
- luciferase (1)
- luciferase reporter gene assay (1)
- lumen area (1)
- luminescence dating (1)
- luminescence profiling (1)
- luminescence-dating (1)
- lung metastases (1)
- lung volume (1)
- lymphedema (1)
- lymphocyte (1)
- lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (1)
- lysine acetylation (1)
- lysine acetyltransferases (1)
- lysine deacetylases (1)
- lysosomal biogenesis (1)
- m6A (1)
- mQTL (1)
- mRNA (1)
- mTORC1 (1)
- mTor (1)
- maar lake (1)
- macaques (1)
- macro-remains (1)
- macroH2A (1)
- macrodomain (1)
- macroecology (1)
- macrophage (1)
- macrovascular disease (1)
- magic number (1)
- magnesia (1)
- magnetic characterization methods (1)
- magnetic field (1)
- magnetic materials (1)
- magnetic microscopy (1)
- magnetic moment (1)
- magnetic resonance images (1)
- magneto-hydrodynamic equilibrium (1)
- magneto-optical effects (1)
- magneto-optics (1)
- magnetron sputtering discharge (1)
- maintenance (1)
- major surgery (1)
- male sex pheromones (1)
- malignancy (1)
- malignant transformation (1)
- mallard ducks (1)
- mamma carcinoma (1)
- mammals (1)
- mammography (1)
- management (1)
- management measures (1)
- manganese (1)
- manganese oxide (1)
- manual assembly (1)
- manufacturing science (1)
- marine Sediment (1)
- marine biodegradation (1)
- marine fungi (1)
- marine habitat mapping (1)
- marine polysaccharides (1)
- marinen Pilze (1)
- market analysis (1)
- mass spectometry (1)
- mass spectrometer (1)
- mast (1)
- mast cell (1)
- mate choice (1)
- materials science (1)
- maternal breast milk (1)
- maternal health care (1)
- mathematical model (1)
- mathematical statistics (1)
- mathematische Statistik (1)
- mating plug (1)
- mating success (1)
- matrix metalloproteinase (1)
- matter fluxes (1)
- maxillofacial (1)
- maximum latewood density (1)
- maximum parsimony (1)
- maximum performance (1)
- maximum plant height (1)
- mdx Maus (1)
- meaning in life (1)
- measurement system analysis (1)
- measurement/psychometrics (1)
- mechanical circulatory support (1)
- mechanical stability (1)
- mechanism (1)
- mechanoreception (1)
- media education (1)
- media representation (1)
- mediatation (1)
- medical assistants (1)
- medical education (1)
- medical ethics (1)
- medical gas plasma technology (1)
- medicinal herbs (1)
- medicinal plants (1)
- medicine (1)
- melamine-formaldehyde (1)
- melatonin (1)
- membrane functionality (1)
- membrane fusion (1)
- membrane integrity (1)
- membrane protein (1)
- membrane transport (1)
- membrane transporters (1)
- membranous-cytoplasmic EGFR (1)
- memory performance (1)
- menaquinones (1)
- mendelian randomization analysis (1)
- menopause (1)
- mental chronometrics (1)
- mental health stigmatisation (1)
- mental representations (1)
- mental rotation (1)
- mental transformations (1)
- mental workload (1)
- mercury (1)
- mesenteric artery (1)
- mesoionic carbenes (1)
- messianic tradition (1)
- metabolic activity (1)
- metabolic engineering (1)
- metabolic interactions (1)
- metabolic labeling of complete cells (1)
- metabolic network (1)
- metabolic phenotypes (1)
- metabolic processes (1)
- metabolic subtypes (1)
- metabolische markierung von Gesamtzellen (1)
- metabolism under glucose starvation (1)
- metabolite (1)
- metabolom (1)
- metabotypes (1)
- metacognition (1)
- metacognitive beliefs (1)
- metacognitive therapy (1)
- metadynamics (1)
- metaflammasome (1)
- metagenome (1)
- metal oxides (1)
- metal-insulator transition (1)
- metastatic colorectal cancer (1)
- metatranscriptomics (1)
- metaviromics (1)
- metformin (1)
- methanogenesis (1)
- methanogenic archaea (1)
- methanogens (1)
- methanotrophic bacteria (1)
- methanotrophs (1)
- methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (1)
- methodology (1)
- methods in liquid biopsy (1)
- methyltransferases (1)
- methyltryptophan (1)
- metrological controls (1)
- metrology (1)
- miR-205-5p (1)
- miRNA transcriptome (1)
- miRNA-Seq (1)
- miR‐21 (1)
- mice pregnancy (1)
- micelle (1)
- micro-CT (1)
- micro-remains (1)
- microRNA sequencing (1)
- microbial communities (1)
- microbial diversity; (1)
- microbial function (1)
- microbiome heterogeneity (1)
- microblogging (1)
- microcirculation (1)
- microcontact printing (1)
- microcore (1)
- microdialysis (1)
- microdischarge (1)
- microfluidic (1)
- microfluidic device (1)
- microfluidics, cell mechanics, cells, holography, hologram, deformation, biomedicine, transfusion medicine, cytometry, viscoelasticity (1)
- microgravity research (1)
- microinstabilities (1)
- microinstabilitäten (1)
- microorganisms (1)
- micropatterns (1)
- microphysiological systems (1)
- microstructural analyses (1)
- microvascular decompression (1)
- microvascular flow (1)
- microvasculature (1)
- microwave (1)
- microwave-driven discharge (1)
- midazolam (1)
- middle school students (1)
- midostaurin (1)
- migration (1)
- migratory connectivity (1)
- migratory physiology (1)
- mikrobielle Gemeinschaft (1)
- mild cognitive impairment (1)
- milk analysis (1)
- milk bank (1)
- milk pools (1)
- mimic scenario (1)
- mincing (1)
- mindreading (1)
- mine drainage (1)
- mineral soil (1)
- mini tablets (1)
- minigene (1)
- minimal area (1)
- minimal inhibitory concentration (1)
- minimal-invasiv (1)
- minimally invasive (1)
- minimally invasive therapy (1)
- minipublics (1)
- mire type (1)
- miscarriage (1)
- mitigation (1)
- mitochondrial dynamics (1)
- mitochondrial fission (1)
- mitochondrial membrane potential (1)
- mitochondrial respiration (1)
- mitophagy (1)
- mixed binomial point process (1)
- mixed chimerism (1)
- mixed model (1)
- mixed-race identity (1)
- mixed-valence complex (1)
- mixed-valence correlations (1)
- mixture proposals (1)
- moDCs (1)
- mobile Tierhaltung (1)
- mobile health (1)
- mobile learning (1)
- mobile pastoralists (1)
- mobility (1)
- mode comparison (1)
- mode dynamics (1)
- moderator (1)
- modern experimental methods (1)
- modernisation (1)
- modifier gene (1)
- molar incisor hypomineralization (1)
- molecular absorption spectrometry (1)
- molecular biology (1)
- molecular carcinogenesis (1)
- molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) (1)
- molecular ecology (1)
- molecular imaging (1)
- molecular ion formation (1)
- molecular mechanics (1)
- molecular modeling (1)
- molecular modelling (1)
- molecular phylogenetics (1)
- molecular simulation (1)
- molecular weight (1)
- molekulare Epidemiologie (1)
- molluscs (1)
- molybdenum complexes (1)
- molybdopterin (1)
- momentary assessment (1)
- monocarboxylate transporter 1 (1)
- monocarboxylate transporter 8 (1)
- monocyte (1)
- monocyte subpopulation (1)
- monolayer (1)
- monoterpene (1)
- monoterpene acylation (1)
- moonlighting proteins (1)
- moral decision making (1)
- moral dilemmas (1)
- moral emotions (1)
- moral judgment (1)
- moral reasoning (1)
- morcellement (1)
- morphological crypsis (1)
- morphometrics (1)
- morphometry (1)
- mosquito (1)
- motives (1)
- motor (1)
- motor cortex (1)
- motor evoked potentials (1)
- motor function (1)
- motor outcome (1)
- motor skills (1)
- mouse Ntcp (1)
- mouth rinse (1)
- moving study (1)
- mucoadhesion (1)
- mucoadhesive films (1)
- mucoadhesive polymer (1)
- mucosa model (1)
- mucosal diseases (1)
- mucosal immunity (1)
- mucositis (1)
- mucus (1)
- multi drug resistance (1)
- multi-criteria decision analysis (1)
- multi-media (1)
- multi-omic (1)
- multi-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometry (1)
- multi-scale entropy (MSE) (1)
- multi-species biofilm (1)
- multibeam echosounder (1)
- multicomponent mixtures (1)
- multidisciplinary pain treatment (1)
- multidrug resistance (1)
- multidrug resistant (1)
- multidrug-resistance (1)
- multidrug-resistant microorganisms (1)
- multigroup latent moderated structural equations (1)
- multilayer composition (1)
- multilayers (1)
- multilevel analyses (1)
- multilevel perspective (1)
- multilingualism (1)
- multimodal data (1)
- multimodal integration (1)
- multimorbidity (1)
- multinomial distribution (1)
- multiphoton imaging (1)
- multiple current pulses (1)
- multiple myeloma (1)
- multiple organ failure (1)
- multiple resource limitation (1)
- multiple sequence alignment (1)
- multipopulation (1)
- multispectral satellite imagery (1)
- multitasking (1)
- multivariate regression analysis (1)
- multiview geometry (1)
- multi‐year flooding cycle (1)
- mupirocin (1)
- murine pancreatic carcinoma model (1)
- muscle atrophy (1)
- muscle ring finger protein 1 (1)
- muscle sparing (1)
- muscle spindle (1)
- muscle wasting (1)
- muscular dystrophy (1)
- musculature (1)
- mussel cultivation (1)
- mutation correction (1)
- mutations (1)
- mutlinucleon transfer (1)
- mutualism (1)
- mycoses (1)
- myelodysplastic syndrome (1)
- myeloid differentiation factor 2 (1)
- myeloproliferative neoplasms (1)
- myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) (1)
- myogenic vasoconstriction (1)
- myrmecomorphy (1)
- mystical prayer (1)
- myxomycetes (1)
- nLC-MS/MS (1)
- nanocapsules (1)
- nanoemulgel (1)
- nanoindentation (1)
- nanomanipulation (1)
- nanoparticles (1)
- nanopore sequencing (1)
- nanosecond-pulsed streamer (1)
- nanowire (1)
- naphthoquinones (1)
- narrative (1)
- narrative interviews (1)
- nasal microbiome (1)
- nasopharynx (1)
- natural analougs (1)
- natural resources (1)
- naturalistic (1)
- natürliches Analogon (1)
- nauplii (1)
- navigation (1)
- navy vessels (1)
- ncRNA (1)
- near-hand space (1)
- nearshore bar formation (1)
- necrosis (1)
- negative Ionen (1)
- neglect (1)
- neighbor map (1)
- nematicity (1)
- neoclassic (1)
- neoklassisch (1)
- neovascularisation (1)
- nephrotoxicity (1)
- nested‐plot sampling (1)
- networks (1)
- neue Virulenzfaktoren (1)
- neural (1)
- neural antibodies (1)
- neural circuits and behavior (1)
- neural correlates of attachment representation borderline personality disorder (1)
- neurale Stammzelle (1)
- neuroactive steroids (1)
- neuroanatomy (1)
- neuroblast (1)
- neurocognitive disorders (1)
- neurodegenerative diseases (1)
- neuroendocrine tumors (1)
- neurofilament (1)
- neuroimaging (1)
- neuroimmune interactions (1)
- neurological diseases (1)
- neuron-rich calcium isotopes (1)
- neuropathic pain (1)
- neuropathy (1)
- neurophysiology (1)
- neuroplasticity (1)
- neuroprotection (1)
- neuropsychiatric diseases (1)
- neuropsychological (1)
- neurorehabilitation (1)
- neurospheres (1)
- neurosteroids (1)
- neurosurgical treatment (1)
- neurotoxicity (1)
- neurotrophic factors (1)
- neutral recycling (1)
- neutralisierende Antikörper (1)
- neutralizing antibodies (1)
- neutron reflectometry (1)
- neutron-rich nuclei (1)
- neutrophil (1)
- new politics (1)
- new speakers (1)
- new virulence factors (1)
- newborn screening (1)
- nexus archetype (1)
- niche evolution (1)
- niche following (1)
- nicht-Hermitizität (1)
- nichtlinear (1)
- nichtparametrische Dichteschätzung (1)
- nicotinamide (1)
- night shift work (1)
- nightglow (1)
- nisin (1)
- nitrate (1)
- nitrite (1)
- nitrogen deficiency (1)
- nitrogen metastables (1)
- nitrogen-oxygen gas mixtures (1)
- nitrosative stress (1)
- nitrous oxide (1)
- no-net-loss (1)
- non-H5/H7 (1)
- non-Hermitian (1)
- non-MS patients (1)
- non-PCV13 serotypes 2 (1)
- non-attendance (1)
- non-canonical UBL (1)
- non-commutative independences (1)
- non-equilibrium (1)
- non-human primates (1)
- non-identical reversible reaction (1)
- non-interventional (1)
- non-invasive (1)
- non-invasive brain stimulation (1)
- non-invasive genetics (1)
- non-native populations (1)
- non-pollen palynomorphs (1)
- non-randomized studies (1)
- non-thermal processing (1)
- nonhuman primates (1)
- noninvasive DNA (1)
- noninvasive sampling (1)
- nonlinear dynamics (1)
- nonlinear regression (1)
- nonparametric density estimation (1)
- norepinephrine (1)
- nortriptyline (1)
- nose (1)
- nosocomial infection (1)
- novel (1)
- novel immunotherapy (1)
- no‐matched templates (1)
- nuclear EGFR (1)
- nuclear egress (1)
- nuclear receptors (1)
- nuclease (1)
- nucleophilic substitution (1)
- nucleoredoxin (1)
- nucleus accumbens (1)
- number of missing teeth (1)
- numerical modeling (1)
- numerische simulation (1)
- nurse–patient interaction (1)
- nurse–patient relationship (1)
- nursing home (1)
- nursing workforce (1)
- nutrients elements (1)
- nutritional status (1)
- oak (1)
- object-location memory (1)
- objective measures (1)
- objective test (1)
- observation process (1)
- observational (1)
- obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (1)
- occlusal adjustment (1)
- occlusal equilibration (1)
- occlusive vasculitis (1)
- ocean history (1)
- ocean sustainability (1)
- octogenarians (1)
- octopus (1)
- offene Quantensysteme (1)
- offspring (1)
- oil (1)
- oil palm plantation (1)
- old patient (1)
- olfaction (1)
- olfactory (1)
- olfactory system (1)
- oligoclonal IgG (1)
- oligoclonal bands (1)
- oligomeric proanthocyanidines (1)
- oligonucleotide conjugate (1)
- oligotroph (1)
- olive mill wastewaters valorization (1)
- omics (1)
- oncohistone (1)
- one health (1)
- ong-chainaliphaticamines (1)
- online experiment (1)
- online sample preparation (1)
- oocyte (1)
- open data (1)
- open materials (1)
- open quantum systems (1)
- open source (1)
- operating room scheduling (1)
- operative (1)
- optical diagnostics (1)
- optical emission and absorption spectroscopy (1)
- optical emission spectroscopy (1)
- optical imaging analyses (1)
- optically active dithiolene (1)
- optimized screening (1)
- optochin susceptibility testing (1)
- optokinetic nystagmus (1)
- optomechanics (1)
- oral cancer (1)
- oral health (1)
- oral health competence (1)
- oral microbiome (1)
- oral mucosal lesions (1)
- oral nutritional supplement (1)
- oral rehydration solution (1)
- orb web (1)
- orbital injury (1)
- orbital soft tissue injury (1)
- orbital trauma (1)
- orcokinin (1)
- ordinal regression (1)
- ordinal regression model (1)
- ordinal time series (1)
- organic (1)
- organic anion transporters (1)
- organic cation transporter 2 (1)
- organic matter loss (1)
- organic soil (1)
- organic synthesis (1)
- organofacies (1)
- oribatida (1)
- orodispersible (1)
- orofacial pain (1)
- orosomucoid (1)
- orphan diseases (1)
- ortholog comparison (1)
- osmoregulation (1)
- osmostress protectants (1)
- osseointegration (1)
- osteoarthritis disease modification (1)
- osteoblasts (1)
- osteogenic differentiation (1)
- osteosarcoma cells (1)
- ostracodes (1)
- outbreak (1)
- outbreak management (1)
- outer membrane vesicles (1)
- outpatient (1)
- overfishing (1)
- overflow metabolites (1)
- oversight (1)
- ovine anaplasmosis (1)
- oxaliplatin (1)
- oxidation processes (1)
- oxidation-specific epitopes (1)
- oxidative and nitrosative stress (1)
- oxidative dysbalance (1)
- oxidative post-translational modifications (1)
- oxidized lipids (1)
- oxidoreductase (1)
- oxidoreductases (1)
- oxygen uptake (1)
- p-coumaric acid (1)
- p38 (1)
- pH electrode (1)
- pH optimum (1)
- pH-Elektrode (1)
- pair plasma (1)
- palaeoclimate (1)
- palaeoecology (1)
- palaeosol (1)
- paleoenvironment (1)
- paleoenvironmental changes (1)
- paleomagnetic secular variations (1)
- palpal organ (1)
- pan-cancer (1)
- pancreatic (1)
- pancreatic beta cells (1)
- pancreatic cancer (1)
- pancreatic carcinoma (1)
- pancreatic surgery (1)
- pancreatojejunostomy (1)
- panic disorder (1)
- panniculitis (1)
- papain-like protease (1)
- papilloma (1)
- parallel current (1)
- paramagnetic particles (1)
- parameter estimation (1)
- parametric bootstrap (1)
- parametrisches Bootstrap (1)
- parentage assignment (1)
- parental cancer (1)
- parental gender preferences (1)
- parental leave (1)
- parental pressure (1)
- parental support (1)
- parenteral nutrition (1)
- parents (1)
- parietal lobe (1)
- parliaments (1)
- parotid gland (1)
- parotid gland tumors (1)
- partial discharge (PD) (1)
- partial mutual information (1)
- particle (1)
- particle tracking (1)
- particle transport (1)
- particle-in-cell (1)
- parties (1)
- partisan preferences (1)
- passive acoustic monitoring (1)
- passive sensing (1)
- patent ductus arteriosus (1)
- paternity assignment (1)
- pathogen vacuole (1)
- pathogen-specific IgG (1)
- pathogens (1)
- patient (1)
- patient participation (1)
- patient-derived xenografts (1)
- patient‐reported outcome measures (PROM) (1)
- pattern (1)
- pattern and process (1)
- patterned discharge (1)
- pazopanib (1)
- peak oxygen uptake (1)
- peat (1)
- peat degradation (1)
- peat fire (1)
- peatland management (1)
- pectinase psychrophilic pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis ANT/505 (1)
- pedagogical agents (1)
- pediatric (1)
- pediatric dental treatment (1)
- pediatric dentistry (1)
- pediatric intestinal failure (1)
- pediatric oncology and hematology (1)
- pediatric short bowel syndrome (1)
- pediatric thrombosis (1)
- pediatrician (1)
- pediatrics (1)
- peer support (1)
- peers (1)
- peers as positive motivators (1)
- pelagites (1)
- penning trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP (1)
- penta-acylated lipid A (1)
- pentathiepin (1)
- peptidases (1)
- peptide (1)
- peptide analysis (1)
- peptidome (1)
- peracarida (1)
- perceived stress scale PSS-10 (1)
- perception (1)
- perceptual theory of emotion (1)
- percutaneous coronary intervention (1)
- performance assessment (1)
- perfusion (1)
- perfusion measurements (1)
- peri-implantitis (1)
- perianal disease (1)
- perinatal (1)
- periodontal attachment loss (1)
- periodontal diseases (1)
- periodontal pocket (1)
- periodontal splinting (1)
- perioperative care (1)
- perioperative supportive measures (1)
- peripersonal space (1)
- peripheral dynamic stereovision (1)
- peripheral nervous system (1)
- periplasm (1)
- periprosthetic joint infection (1)
- peristalsis (1)
- peritonitis (1)
- permafrost (1)
- permeabilizer (1)
- permutation (1)
- peroxynitrite (1)
- person ability (1)
- person-centered care (1)
- personal data (1)
- personal force (1)
- personalised medicine (1)
- personality (1)
- personality disorders (1)
- personality traits (1)
- personalized implant (1)
- personalized medicine (1)
- personalized psychotherapy (1)
- perspective taking (1)
- pesticide and drug interaction (1)
- petroleum potential (1)
- phagocyte oxidase (1)
- phagocytes (1)
- phagocytosis (1)
- pharmacoepidemiology (1)
- pharmacokinetic modeling (1)
- pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters (1)
- pharmacological chaperone (1)
- pharmacy education (1)
- pharmacy students (1)
- phase constancy (1)
- phase resolved surface charge measurement (1)
- phase separation (1)
- phenolic compounds (1)
- phenotyping (1)
- phenylalanine ammonia lyase (1)
- philosophy (1)
- philosophy of emotion (1)
- phobia/phobic disorders (1)
- phonon localization (1)
- phonon propagation (1)
- phosphanes (1)
- phosphatases (1)
- phosphate starvation (1)
- phosphopeptide enrichment (1)
- phosphorylation (1)
- phosphotransferase system (1)
- photocurrent (1)
- photodetachment spectroscopy (1)
- photodynamic (1)
- photopharmacology (1)
- photoresponse (1)
- photoswitches (1)
- photosynthetic rate (1)
- photosystem (1)
- phototdissociation (1)
- photovoltaics (1)
- phycosphere (1)
- phylodynamics (1)
- phylogenetic analysis (1)
- phylogenomics (1)
- phylogeography (1)
- physical function (1)
- physical health (1)
- physical plasma (1)
- physicians (1)
- physicochemical characterization (1)
- physicochemical factors (1)
- physiological responses (1)
- physiology (1)
- physiotherapy (1)
- phytochemicals (1)
- phytoplankton communities (1)
- phytosterols (1)
- phytotherapy (1)
- phänotypische Plastizität (1)
- pig liver esterase (1)
- pig model (1)
- pigment (1)
- pigment composition (1)
- pinch (1)
- pitcher plant (1)
- pituitary surgery (1)
- place and space (1)
- planctomycetes (1)
- plant biodiversity (1)
- plant clonality (1)
- plant growth promotion (PGP) (1)
- plant pathogen (1)
- plant traits (1)
- plant-herbivore interaction (1)
- plant–environment interaction (1)
- plant–insect interaction (1)
- plant–soil feedback (1)
- plaque characteristics (1)
- plasma applications (1)
- plasma biomarker (1)
- plasma confinement (1)
- plasma current (1)
- plasma devices (1)
- plasma diagnostic (1)
- plasma discharge (1)
- plasma in liquids (1)
- plasma instabilities (1)
- plasma jet (1)
- plasma liquid chemistry (1)
- plasma material processing (1)
- plasma modeling (1)
- plasma oncology (1)
- plasma physics (1)
- plasma science and technology (1)
- plasma sheaths (1)
- plasma simulation (1)
- plasma sources (1)
- plasma theory (1)
- plasma-fluorocarbon-polymer (1)
- plasma-liquid-interaction (1)
- plasma-treated water (1)
- plasminogen plasmin system (1)
- plastic (1)
- plastic pollution (1)
- plate tectonics (1)
- platelet (1)
- platelet aggregation (1)
- platelet biomechanics (1)
- platelet cytoskeleton (1)
- platelet pathophysiology (1)
- platelet transfusion proteomics (1)
- platelet-rich plasma (1)
- platelet–monocyte aggregates (1)
- plume (1)
- pn: Nikolai Nøjgaard (1)
- pneumococcal colonization (1)
- pneumococcal infection (1)
- pneumococcal proteins (1)
- pneumococcal serine protease (1)
- pneumococcal surface protein C (1)
- pneumococcus (1)
- poaching (1)
- podcast (1)
- podocyte nephropathy (1)
- podocytes (1)
- poetry and historiography (1)
- point mutation (1)
- polarity regulators (1)
- political parties (1)
- pollen (1)
- pollen accumulation rates (1)
- pollen analysis (1)
- pollution control (1)
- poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (1)
- poly-(L-lactide); (1)
- polyarthritis (1)
- polycrystalline gold (1)
- polycythemia vera (PV) (1)
- polyelectrolyte (1)
- polyelectrolytes (1)
- polyethylene terephthalate (1)
- polymer extension (1)
- polymerase theta (1)
- polymicrobial sepsis (1)
- polymorphisms (1)
- polypharmacology (1)
- polypharmacy (1)
- polyreactive antibodies (1)
- polysaccharid (1)
- polysaccharide degradation (1)
- polysomnography (1)
- poorly soluble drug (1)
- poorly soluble drugs (1)
- population analysis (1)
- population cycles (1)
- population dynamics (1)
- population-based study (1)
- populationsbasierte Studie (1)
- populationsbasierte Studien (1)
- population‐based birth cohort (1)
- population‐based study (1)
- porcine skin model (1)
- porcine small intestine (1)
- porphyran (1)
- portal hypertension (1)
- position-taking view of emotion (1)
- positive Säule (1)
- positive and negative feedback (1)
- positive column (1)
- positively biased anode (1)
- positives und negatives Feedback (1)
- post-COVID-19-syndrome (1)
- post-reproductive phase (1)
- post-translational modifications (1)
- postacute care (1)
- postoperative analgesia (1)
- postoperative cognitive dysfunction (1)
- postoperative delirium (1)
- postoperative pancreatic fistula (1)
- postreproduktive Phase (1)
- posttranslational modification (1)
- posttranslational modification (PTM) (1)
- potential methane oxidation rates (1)
- potential natural vegetation (1)
- poultry (1)
- power law (1)
- powered tooth brush (1)
- powered toothbrush (1)
- practice-based evidence (1)
- pre-neoplastic lesions (1)
- pre-symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease marker (1)
- precision mass measurements (1)
- preclinical Alzheimer's disease (1)
- predator-prey syn-inclusion (1)
- prediabetes (1)
- prediabetic state (1)
- prediction error (1)
- prediction model (1)
- prediction modelling (1)
- predictive marker (1)
- predictor (1)
- pregnenolone sulfate (1)
- preneoplastic foci (1)
- preoperative anxiety (1)
- preoperative risk assessment (1)
- preoperative workflow (1)
- preregistered (1)
- preterm (1)
- preterm infants (1)
- pretreatment (1)
- preventive medicine (1)
- prey (1)
- primary (1)
- primary immunodeficiency disease (1)
- primary macrophages (1)
- primary motor cortex (1)
- primary myelofibrosis (PMF) (1)
- primary teeth (1)
- priming (1)
- principal component analyses (1)
- privacy concerns (1)
- pro-environmental behaviors (1)
- pro-environmental ideology (1)
- pro-environmental intention (1)
- proactive coping: turnover (1)
- probabilistic interface labeling problem (1)
- problem solving (1)
- proceduralism (1)
- process dissociation procedure (1)
- process-based modeling (1)
- production-integrated compensation (1)
- productivity (1)
- productivity traits (1)
- profile hidden Markov model (1)
- profitability (1)
- progeria (1)
- progesterone (1)
- prognostic marker (1)
- prognostic model (1)
- progression (1)
- progression-free survival (1)
- progressive MS (1)
- proinflammatory cytokines (1)
- project management (1)
- project report (1)
- prolonged release (1)
- prolonged release tablet (1)
- promoter (1)
- propranolol HCl (1)
- proprioception (1)
- prospective cohort study (1)
- prostate-specific antigen (1)
- prostatic neoplasms (1)
- protease activity (1)
- protease-activated receptors (1)
- proteasome associated autoinflammatory syndrome (1)
- proteasome endopeptidase complex (1)
- proteasome inhibitors (PIs) (1)
- proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndrome (1)
- proteasomes (1)
- proteced area management effectiveness (1)
- protected area (1)
- protected area planning (1)
- protein aggregate myopathy (1)
- protein biochemistry (1)
- protein degradation (1)
- protein expression and purification (1)
- protein folding (1)
- protein kinase (1)
- protein kinase D (1)
- protein preparation (1)
- protein production (1)
- protein synthesis (1)
- protein-protein docking (1)
- proteins (1)
- protein–protein interaction (1)
- proteolysis (1)
Institute
- Institut für Physik (246)
- Institut für Biochemie (214)
- Institut für Botanik und Landschaftsökologie & Botanischer Garten (135)
- Abteilung für Mikrobiologie und Molekularbiologie (131)
- Institut für Pharmazie (130)
- Kliniken und Polikliniken für Innere Medizin (124)
- Zoologisches Institut und Museum (119)
- Institut für Geographie und Geologie (114)
- Institut für Community Medicine (111)
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie (97)
Publisher
- MDPI (568)
- Frontiers Media S.A. (364)
- Wiley (223)
- S. Karger AG (156)
- Springer Nature (112)
- IOP Publishing (75)
- BioMed Central (BMC) (59)
- SAGE Publications (50)
- Nature Publishing Group (39)
- De Gruyter (22)
Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy in the mid InfraRed spectral range (IR-TDLAS) has been applied to investigate the behaviour of CF, CF2 and C2F4 species produced in pulsed CF4/H2 capacitively coupled radio frequency plasmas (13.56 MHz CCP). This experimental technique was shown to be suitable for temporally resolved measurements of the absolute number density of the target molecules in the studied fluorocarbon discharges. The temporal resolution of about 20…40 ms typically achieved in the standard data acquisition mode (“stream mode”) was sufficient for the real-time measurements of CF2 and C2F4, but not of CF whose kinetics was observed to be much faster. Therefore, a more sophisticated approach (“burst mode”) providing a temporal resolution of 0.94 ms was established and successfully applied to CF density measurements. In order to enable the TDLAS measurements of the target species, preliminary investigations on their spectroscopic data had been carried out. In particular, pure C2F4 has been produced in laboratory by means of vacuum thermal decomposition (pyrolysis) of polytetrafluoroethylene and used as a reference gas. Therefore, an absorption structure consisting of several overlapping C2F4 lines around 1337.11 cm-1 was selected and carefully calibrated, which provided the first absolute measurements of the species by means of the applied experimental technique. The absolute number density traces measured for CF, CF2 and C2F4 in the studied pulsed plasmas were then analysed, in which two differential balance equations were proposed for each of the species to describe their behaviour during both “plasma on” and “plasma off” phases. Analytical solutions of the balance equations were used to fit the experimental data and hence to deduce important information on the kinetics of the studied molecules. In particular, during the “plasma off” phase, the self-recombination of CF2 (CF2 + CF2 (+M) → C2F4 (+M)) was found to be dominant in the kinetics of the radical, but of minor importance for C2F4 production. A rapid consumption of CF observed within 7…25 ms after switching off the plasma was explained mainly by volume reaction with other species (most likely with CF3), whereas diffusion of the radical towards the reactor walls followed by sticking on the surfaces was found to contribute only at relatively low pressures (<10 Pa). Under certain discharge conditions, measured CF density traces exhibited significant overshoots in 50…150 ms after the plasma ignition, which had not been known from literature before. The electron impact fragmentation of C2F4 was shown to be essential for CF production at the beginning of the “plasma on” phase and therefore for formation of the observed CF density overshoots. Finally, the broad band FTIR spectroscopy was applied in order to better characterize the gas phase composition of the studied plasmas. Thus, absorption bands of CF4, C2F4, C2F6, C3F8, CHF3 and HF stable molecules were detected in the FTIR spectra recorded between 400 and 4000 cm-1. The spectra were then successfully deconvolved and the absolute concentration of the detected species was estimated. In particular, the absolute number density of C2F4 obtained from the FTIR measurements was in a good agreement with that achieved by means of the IR-TDLAS technique. The work was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the framework of the Collaborative Research Centre Transregio 24 “Fundamentals of Complex Plasmas” (SFB/TRR24, project section B5).
Wadi Wurayah area is located in the north of Fujairah Emirates between the towns of Khor Bidiyah Fakkan and Oman on the Gulf Coast Line in Fujairah Emirates, United Arab Emirates. It lies within a priority World Wide Fund for Nature ( WWF) Global 200 Ecoregions ( ecoregion 127, Arabian Highland Woodlands and Shrublands ), a rich diversity of sheltering rare and endangered mountainous and freshwater habitats and species , and providing opportunities for the revival and sustenance of local livelihoods. However, as most of the United Arab Emirates and the region , the area is undergoing dramatic changes linked to economic diversification and promotion of tourism. The United Arab Emirates in 1999 approved the programmed of work from the UN convention of Biological Diversity ( CBD). This momentum must be used wants it or disappear. In a first move , the United Arab Emirates established the federal Environment Agency ( FEA) that produced the Environmental Law of 1999 with the role to encourage each to Emirates assess its land and coastal / marine resources, formulate plans for establishing protected areas , upgrade those that may already exist , and help implement the environment law. In early 2006, UAE created its first Ministry of Environment and Water ( MEW ), which was before the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. Environmental issues and a greater role of the civil society are now higher on the agenda of the United Arab Emirates government , partner of the Emirates Wildlife Society ( EWS ), the World Wide Fund for Nature ( WWF) - UAE Project Office is the only international conservation NGOs operating in the UAE that plays a pioneering role in partnering with local- governmental institutions to establish win- win solutions. The United Arab Emirates is making tremendous efforts in diversification is the development of tourism. Too often tourism mass , With all of its negative environmental consequences is privileged. However, the more traditional Emirates are seeking alternatives that would preserve their environment and respect the traditional lifestyles of the local communities. This study aims to help a sustainable biosphere reserve integrating oneself local traditional and lifestyle with the conservation of biodiversity and habitat inimitable by providing a model of economical incentives unique to the region . In order to further the implementation of the Wadi Wurayah Biosphere Reserve, this study will: • Implement a set of carefully - targeted actions in Wadi Wurayah and its hinterland and therefore Fujairah Emirates. • Work to demonstrate the feasibility and viability of combining environmental protection in a sensitive area with the preservation of traditional activities. • Support the capacity building of key national and local authorities and selected partners in the Emirates of Fujairah and the UAE So that they have the awareness and skills to fully realize the aims of the study . To set out and develop options for sustainable natural resource management in the proposed Wurayah Biosphere Reserve , one of the UAE as examples of marginal dry lands , building on environmental information system was the best choice using Geographic information systems (GIS ) as a tool. This has been classified to there steps of work: Field Survey and Analysis Lab Office work. As a first step, this study used to survey this area in the light of the work done by the EWSWWF and the Fujairah Municipality, to evaluate the potential and the feasibility of the creation of a Biosphere Reserve. The traditional field survey has been carried out in three batches between January 2007 and January , 2009 for sample collection using specially tailored database forms that suit the properties and nature of the variables measured, and the database . Design The information obtained from field survey included the Landscape and their local classification and distribution , local habitats , water catchments areas , local rangeland systems and indigenous agro -ecological zones. This information in addition to the laboratory analysis has then be transformed into GIS format, and overlaid with the base maps of the study area in order to produce a georeferenced maps. Various types of maps required according the selected works related to area of study have been used as an input data for the GIS system An integrated management methodology / approach has been proposed associated with the plan of work throughout the forthcoming years. The plan of work is designed to be as consistent as possible with that of the concept of the UNESCO 's Man and Biosphere Program.
The present study was aimed at associating further genes to selected types of laminopathies applying a functional candidate gene approach. Additionally, genotype/phenotype correlations in defined laminopathies were investigated to extend the clinical spectrum and considering practical aspects of molecular genetic analysis in laminopathies. Primary and secondary laminopathies are rare genetic disorders caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins of the nuclear lamina or proteins interacting with the nuclear lamina. So far at least 14 distinct disease phenotypes of primary laminopathies have been found mostly caused by pleiotropic lamin A/C ( LMNA) mutations. Secondary laminopathies can be caused by mutations in other than lamin genes including emerin (STA), lamin associated protein-2 (LAP2) and ZMPSTE24 (ZMPSTE2).
The aim of this thesis was to validate a method called OSCARR for One-pot, Simple Cassette Randomization and Recombination for focused directed evolution, which had been developed by Dr. Hidalgo. It is based upon the megaprimer PCR method using outer primers differing in TM and including asymmetric cycles before the addition of the forward primer to generate more mutated megaprimer. As mutation-carrying primers, spiked oligonucleotides are employed. These spiked oligonucleotides are designed using an algorithm and have strictly defined composition of nucleotides at each position. An OSCARR library of the Pseudomonas fluorescens esterase I (PFE I) of approximately 8000 clones was generated and screened for altered chain-length selectivity. Two mutants with higher activity towards medium chain length p-nitrophenyl esters were identified, both carried the mutation F126I, which causes the substrate entrance tunnel to be widened, thus facilitating access of bulkier substrates to the active site. One mutant carried the additional mutation G120S which completes a catalytic tetrad which is observed mainly in proteases. F126I had a stronger influence on chain-length specificity, so the further amino acids which form the “bottleneck” to the active site were mutated to further widen the entrance, and mutants with improved activity were found. The bottleneck mutants which consist of single, double, triple and quadruple mutants which are mostly combinations of F126L, F144L, F159L and I225L were then assayed for altered enantioselectivity against chiral acids and secondary alcohols. For substrates 1-phenyl-1-propyl acetate (2), 1-phenyl-2-propyl acetate (3) and 1-phenyl ethyl acetate (4), mutants with increased enantioselectivity were found. I225L plays a crucial role, as it is vital for enantioselectivity against 3, but destroys selectivity against 2, both facts obvious from the comparison of the triple mutant without I225L (mutant T3) and the corresponding quadruple mutant including I225L (mutant Q). However, the single mutant I225L alone does not possess high selectivity against 3, so synergistic effects play an important role. The PFE I wild type already possesses a good enantioselectivity in the hydrolysis of 4, but all mutants which were analyzed in detail surpass the wild type. The program YASARA was then used to calculate docking solutions for both enantiomers of 2 and 3 into the wild type and the best mutant. The results revealed that the mutants’ widened bottleneck allows the phenyl moiety of the substrates to point towards the access tunnel, while only (R)-2 does so in the wild type. Residues 126 and 144 do not come very close to the substrate and are more likely to influence substrate diffusion. Another goal was to find a way to confer promiscuous amidase activity upon the PFE I. In the search for structural homologues, a close structural neighbour with amidase activity was found. The --lactamase from Aureobacterium sp. was named after its activity toward the Vince lactam 2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-3-one. Biocatalysis experiments with the PFE I and its mutants revealed an excellent enantioselectivity against the ( )-lactam. Specific activities were determined for purified proteins, and the activity of some mutants was within the same order of magnitude as lactamase’s activity.
The objectives of the present work are to relate the spatial distribution of benthic macrofauna in the Baltic Sea to patterns in environmental variables describing near-bottom hydrographical conditions and sediment characteristics, analyzing the data for two various spatial extents. The first case study is devoted to an exploratory statistical description of the prevailing ecological structure within the limited area attached to the region of the Mecklenburg Bight. Key environmental descriptors of spatial distribution of macrofaunal communities were disclosed within the area of investigation: water depth, regarded as a proxy for other environmental factors, and total organic content. Distinct benthic assemblages that are discriminated by particular species (Hydrobia ulvae–Scoloplos armiger, Lagis koreni–Mysella bidentata and Capitella capitata–Halicryptus spinulosus) were defined. Each assemblage is related to different spatial subarea and is characterized by a certain variability of environmental factors. This study represented the basis for the predictive modelling of species distribution in the selected investigation area, which constituted the next part of the investigation. Species-specific models predicting the probability of occurrence relative to environmental and sedimentological characteristics were developed for 29 representative macrofaunal species using a logistic regression modelling approach. Subsequently, the technique for a predictive modelling of species distributions in response to abiotic parameters based on single-factor logistic regression models, utilizing Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) and Akaike weights for multimodel inference, was used. Thus, probabilities of occurrence for selected exemplary species (Arctica islandica, Hediste diversicolor, Pygospio elegans, Tubificoides benedii and Scoloplos armiger) were modelled and mapped. Finally, the investigation proceeded on a large spatial scale. The discriminating ability of such factors as salinity, bathymetry, and sediment characteristics (considered only generally due to the lack of more detailed data) to explain the occurrence of typical macrozoobenthic species on the Baltic Sea-wide extend was tested. Full coverage macrofauna distribution maps, though being increasingly demanded, are generally lacking, with information being merely restricted to point observations. In contrast to spatial interpolation, periled by presence of short distance changes in community structure and dependence of the result on density of the samples, predictive habitat suitability modelling allows to objectively produce distribution maps at a level of detail limited only by the availability and resolution of the environmental data. Various literature sources and available databases were analyzed in respect to the information on macrozoobenthos distribution in the Baltic Sea, resulting in the compilation of an extensive list of taxa and an inventory dataset on species distribution for the whole Baltic Sea. The study demonstrates the need to analyze species’ relationships in gradient systems such as the Baltic Sea and provides a basis for a tool to predict natural and anthropogenic forced changes in species distribution.
To uncover the genetic structure of Populus euphratica forests along the Tarim River in Xinjiang, China, a PCR set of eight microsatellite markers was established. 18 primer pairs originally developed for P. tremuloides and P. trichocarpa were screened for amplification in P. euphratica. The eight most variable loci were selected for further genotyping experiments. Subsequently, two multiplex PCR assays, each containing four loci, were set up and optimized. Three populations containing altogether 436 trees were used to characterize the selected loci. The set was found to be moderately polymorphic (mean expected heterozygosity = 0.57). The resolution was sufficient to discriminate even siblings with high confidence (PID = 1.81x10-5). Cumulative exclusion probabilities were 0.89 (single parent), 0.98 (paternity), and 1.00 (parent pair) and proved the set’s suitability for parentage analysis. Practical and theoretical analysis of consequences of genotyping errors in this semi-clonal plant showed that the vast majority of errors (62.1%) lead to division of identical genotypes. Merging of different genotypes was found to be a very rare case (0.4%). This always leads to an overestimation of genotypes. A similarity threshold of one allele difference between two genotypes to be regarded as being identical lead to an underestimation of clonal richness and genotype number of one per cent compared to an overestimation of more than 20 per cent without such a threshold. Allowing a certain amount of variation is therefore expected to reflect the clonal structure better than an analysis that considers exact matches only. Using a combination of morphological and molecular analyses, a first study demonstrated that root suckers are clearly distinguished from seedlings in their root architecture. Root suckering starts when trees are 10–15 years old and bridges distances of up to 40 m at a time. Root suckers depend on their parent tree for at least five years and are expected to have a higher mortality than generatively grown trees. Molecular analysis of old growth stands revealed a highly variable proportion of clonal growth between different stands. In the study area, the proportion of clonality decreases with distance to the main river bed (R = 0.31 at the site closest to the main river, R = 0.97 at the site farthest away from the river). An analysis of the history of river movements at different sites indicates a dependency of clonal growth on the frequency of ground water replenishment by the yearly floods. Genetic differentiation among the stands in the study area is low (FST = 0.055), and isolation by distance was not detectable (P = 0.058). Also, the river does not function as a vector for directed gene flow in downstream direction (P > 0.11). The forests are therefore considered to be one large panmictic metapopulation with unrestricted gene flow. Clonal growth does not lead to higher final stand densities (P = 0.99) and is obviously not of crucial importance for stand survival. Furthermore, analysis of vitality measures and size differences indicate that root suckers are in disadvantage both in vitality and in survival rate compared to seedlings. In this light, a possible function of clonal growth as a luxury strategy to enhance a genetic individual’s reproduction success under good site conditions can be discussed. The genetic structure of the (meta)population bears direct implications for management and conversation of the Tugai forest in Xinjiang. Due to the low degree of differentiation and the unhindered gene flow even small, fragmented, or isolated populations have conservational value, thereby clearly answering the SLOSS question (a single large or several small protected areas) in the latter sense. More than that, non-clonal stands with the highest amount of genotypic diversity can be easily identified on satellite and aerial images. Selection of such stands for conservation is therefore possible without expensive and time-consuming molecular analyses.
For many years, rangeland ecologists have debated about whether the state of semi-arid and arid rangelands is the expression of an ecological equilibrium or non-equilibrium dynamics reached in response to grazing livestock. Since the problem has been considered at different spatial scales, it is recognised that the competing concepts of equilibrium and non-equilibrium dynamics need to be integrated. Furthermore, the role of environmental variables as vegetation driving factors has long been ignored in the discussion on grazing effects on ecosystems. Present thesis, examines the dependence of plant communities on environmental in particular site-ecological conditions in three ecosystems of Western Mongolia established along a precipitation gradient to detect the vegetation-driving ecological factors involved. Furthermore, grazing impact is exemplary assessed in a desert steppe at additional spatial scales of plant communities and population. At the landscape level, a classification of plant communities in dependence on environmental conditions is carried out. Additionally, the investigations focused on the impact of grazing on soil and on the occurrence of grazing-mediated plant communities. Data were sampled along an altitudinal gradient between 1150 m to 3050 m a.s.l. from arid lowland with desert steppe via semi-arid mountain steppe to humid alpine belt. Within each altitudinal belt, data sampling was carried out along grazing gradients, established from grazing hot spots to areas distant from them. By means of an environmentally based vegetation classification, factors with highest explanation values for largest variation in vegetation were identified and considered as most responsible for vegetation patterns. To validate and affirm the classification, three different statistical methods are applied: environmentally adjusted table work of vegetation relevés supported by cluster analysis of species distribution, detrended correspondence analysis of vegetation data separately from environmental data, and the principle component analysis of only environmental data. Vegetation-driving factors change along the altitudinal gradient from abiotic forces in the desert steppe, as e.g. altitude and soil texture, to abiotic and biotic forces in the alpine belt represented by soil texture, soil nutrients and grazing. Vegetation and soil of all ecosystems respond to grazing but with different patterns and to a different extent. While desert steppe does not indicate grazing communities, mountain steppe demonstrates grazing communities at fertilised sites and alpine belt at nutrients depleted sites. Thus, the grazing sensitiveness of the ecosystems is assumed to be linked with plant productivity and the role of vegetation as site-determining factor (Chapter 2). To examine grazing impact at lower spatial scales on desert steppe as the ecosystem with lowest grazing sensitiveness at the landscape scale, at community scale the total number of species, the total vegetation cover, the percentage of annual species, the cover of annual species, and properties of soil nutrient along gradients of grazing intensity within three different communities were assessed. Vegetation parameters respond to grazing in different ways, and the responses of the same parameters vary between plant communities. Correlations with grazing intensity indicate only partly statistical significance. Significant correlations of grazing intensity with concentrations of soil nutrient point to eutrophication in two communities. A comparison of vegetation and soil properties refers to a greater indirect influence of grazing via increased soil nutrients than the direct effect on vegetation (Chapter 4). At the population level, data about stand density, aboveground biomass, individual plant weight, and the proportion of flowering plants of the dominant dwarf semi-shrub Artemisia xerophytica were collected along a grazing gradient. Soil data were used to distinguish between grazing and edaphic influences. All parameters of Artemisia xerophytica reflect the assumed gradient of grazing intensity up to 800 m distance from the grazing hot spot. As grazing pressure decreases, plant density and total biomass per plot increase. The average shrub weight, an indicator of plant vitality, is related to both: distance from the grazing hot spot and stand density, which may be explained by additional intraspecific competition at higher densities. At a longer distance, these effects are masked by variations in soil parameters determining water availability, leading to quite similar degradation forms. These results are in contrast to other studies carried out at the scale of plant communities which did not detect significant changes along a grazing gradient. One explanation is the different map scale: the study took place only within a single plant community comparing populations of one species (Chapter 3). The comparative study demonstrates that even arid desert steppes of western Mongolia display equilibrial and non-equilibrial properties, depending on the observational scale: while no grazing mediated plant communities could be identified at the landscape scale as predicted by the non-equlilibrium model, at the community level vegetation parameters imply an intermediate position between equilibrium and non-equilibrium system. At the population level, the results clearly reflect the grazing gradient as predicted by the equilibrium model (Chapter 4). As a consequence, the assessment of vegetation dynamics and grazing impact in rangelands requires a multiple-scale approach that duly considers different vegetation properties responding differently to grazing, climatic and edaphic variability at different spatial scales. It is further suggested, that future research should draw comparisons between landscapes that co-evolved with herbivory, and those that did without (Chapter 4).
We present classical and hybrid modeling approaches for genetic regulatory networks focusing on promoter analysis for negatively and positively autoregulated networks. The main aim of this thesis is to introduce an alternative mathematical approach to model gene regulatory networks based on piecewise deterministic Markov processes (PDMP). During somitogenesis, a process describing the early segmentation in vertebrates, molecular oscillators play a crucial role as part of a segmentation clock. In mice, these oscillators are called Hes1 and Hes7 and are commonly modeled by a system of two delay differential equations including a Hill function, which describes gene repression by their own gene products. The Hill coefficient, which is a measure of nonlinearity of the binding processes in the promoter, is assumed to be equal to two, based on the fact that Hes1 and Hes7 form dimers.However, by standard arguments applied to binding analysis, we show that a higher Hill coefficient is reasonable. This leads to results different from those in literature which requires a more sophisticated model. For the Hes7 oscillator we present a system of ordinary differential equations including a Michaelis-Menten term describing a nonlinear degradation of the proteins by the ubiquitinpathway. As demonstrated by the Hes1 and Hes7 oscillator, promoter behavior can have strong influence on the dynamical behavior of genetic networks. Since purely deterministic systems cannot reveal phenomenons caused by the inherent random fluctuations, we propose a novel approach based on PDMPs. Such models allow to model binding processes of transcription factors to binding sites in a promoter as random processes, where all other processes like synthesis, degradation or dimerization of the gene products are modeled in deterministic manner. We present and discuss a simulation algorithm for PDMPs and apply it to three types of genetic networks: an unregulated gene, a toggle switch, and a positively autoregulated network. The different regulation characteristics are analyzed and compared by numerical means. Furthermore, we determine analytical solutions of the stationary distributions of one negatively, and three positively autoregulated networks. Based on these results, we analyze attenuation of noise in a negative feedback loop, and the question of graded or binary response in autocatalytic networks.
Pyrrolobenzodiazepines (PBDs) are a group of antitumor antibiotics that exert their biological activity by alkylation of guanine bases within the minor groove of double-stranded DNA through nucleophilic attack of the guanine amino group on the PBD imine functionality. In trying to increase both the binding strength and sequence selectivity for further enhancing their biological activity, PBDs were linked to additional DNA binding moieties. Preliminary DNA melting experiments partly also performed in our lab with a series of closely related PBD-naphthalimide and benzimidazole conjugates revealed extraordinary DNA-binding capability of hybrids PBD-NIM and PBD-BIMZ. These studies also indicated the favorable contribution of the piperazine structure on drug binding to the DNA duplex. Previously, in vitro cytotoxicity studies also showed promising antitumor activity of both compounds with PBD-BIMZ having the largest cytotoxic potential among various examined conjugates. In the present work, the kinetics, thermodynamics and structural details of the drug-DNA interactions have been determined employing a variety of spectroscopic, calorimetric and computational methods. Thus, a high thermal duplex stabilization upon DNA binding could be ascertained for both drugs and attributed to their covalent attachment to the DNA guanine bases. The 1:1 binding stoichiometry as well as the exclusive minor groove binding for the benzimidazole and the mixed minor grove - intercalative type of binding for the naphthalimide hybrid could be verified by several spectroscopic methods including NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, by using a combination of solution NMR and some of the most recent molecular modeling techniques, the first high-resolution structures of DNA-drug complexes with PBD hybrid drugs could be obtained giving detailed insight into the specific drug-DNA interactions. Thus, details on van der Waals and hydrogen bond contacts within the complex and the tight fit of the benzimidazole hybrid into the DNA minor groove could be revealed. By using recent data analysis techniques like clustering algorithms, the high flexibility of the piperazine moiety within the PBD-BIMZ-DNA complex could be nicely captured and visualized. Additionally, a thermodynamic analysis for the non-covalent drug binding by UV and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as by direct calorimetric methods revealed a 1:1 binding mode driven by enthalpy changes and counteracted by unfavorable entropic contributions to result in moderately strong association constants. Analysis of the solvent-accessible surface area confirmed the importance of hydrophobic effects on drug binding and the combination of these data with ITC measurements allowed for an extensive thermodynamic characterization of the drug binding process. With respect to the influence of the individual drug moieties on DNA binding, the importance of the piperazine ring for drug-DNA interactions and the basis for its capability to enhance drug binding were addressed. Furthermore, it could be shown that the naphthalimide and benzimidazole moieties also impart additional sequence selectivity to the alkylating PBD structural unit and these distinct differences in the sequence selectivity could be linked to the three-dimensional structures of the DNA-drug complexes. Clearly, the combination of detailed structural and thermodynamic data of complex formation allows for a better understanding of the binding mechanism and structure-activity relationship when it comes to drug-DNA interactions. Therefore, the information gathered can assist in the design of more efficient derivatives of this type of alkylating DNA binding drugs in particular and of DNA recognition by ligands composed of several motifs in general.
This work proposes and experimentally evaluates a new method and the first prototypic design of an apparatus for the objective assessment of peripheral dynamic stereovision. Peripheral dynamic stereovision is understood as the ability to perceive, recognize and observe moving objects in the visual periphery without sacrificing foveal fixation, i.e. shifting the line of sight (e.g. moving the eyes or the head) and loosing attention to the scene of interest. The presence of stereopsis on top further enhances the perceptive quality by adding the third dimension with judgment of depth and estimation of relative spatial positions as central clues for orientation, coordinative interaction and navigation in space. Based on findings that moving stereoscopic contours can induce distinctive optokinetic reactions, a panoramic stimulus pattern was rotated round subjects’ heads. Designed after the Frisby Stereotest, solely the binocular parallax resulting from the plate thickness carries stereoscopic information, excluding all other depth clues. A specially fitted goggle frame assured correct binocular alignment of the subjects adding objectivity. In first experiments, voluntary reactions (pushing a buzzer button) and involuntarily triggered ocular responses have been registered. The Performance Level (PL) and Confidence Ratio (CR) were introduced as benchmarks for voluntary reactions. Despite larger spreads, the PL averaged at 60 % while an elevated CR confirmed a low error rate of 16 % and thus high overall credibility. Poor performance of available recording hard- and software, in many cases, rendered the analysis of involuntary ocular reactions less exhaustive. It was however observable that objects that appear in the periphery of the visual field triggered the onset of nystagmoid search and tracking mechanisms. Finally, mean peripheral locations of subjects’ active reactions have been established at 30 degrees. The outcome of this pilot study in principle confirmed basic feasibility, conceptual validity and practical applicability of this novel method. Prospective fields of application with raised demands on peripheral dynamic stereopsis have been identified and critically assessed. The applicative possibilities and exclusive advantages of this test combining the assessment of stereopsis and dynamic visual field testing have not been matched by solutions published so far. Before however commercialization should be aimed at, design-related issues, including the implementation of electrophysiological ocular measurements, need to be addressed first to lead the post-prototype development to higher diagnostic expressiveness and reliability.
In 1992, the international regime 'Agenda 21' was agreed upon. Accordingly, countries worldwide have been undergoing reforms in their water management into Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). The implementation is promoted by international actors. The main institutional aspects of IWRM are the river basin approach, clear property rights allocation, and application of economical instruments. In former centrally planned economies, the process of IWRM implementation has been coincided with transformation for the market economy. The implementation of institutional aspects of IWRM in countries under transition is connected with high transaction costs. Against this background, the comparative empirical study was initialised in order to analyse institutional change of water management towards IWRM in Vietnam and in Poland. Two models of river basin organisations were examined. Consequently, pros and cons of decentralised polycentric and hierarchical unicentric river basin organisations have been evaluated. Formal institutions were studied with the use of an in-depth review of legislation in Vietnam and in Poland. The EU Water Frame Directive (EU WFD) and other international policies were also examined. For the empirical study in Vietnam and in Poland, actors were interviewed as experts. The results of the study on both countries were discussed separately, and conclusions were drawn in a comparative manner. Water management reforms towards IWRM in Vietnam and in Poland have been generating multi-level governance processes including international, national and sub-national levels. The implementation of IWRM in Vietnam is supported by international donor agencies. In Poland, the implementation of the EU WFD is coordinated by the European Commission in a hierarchical manner. In comparison to international joint-development projects in Vietnam, the European Commission enforces international IWRM policy more effectively. Since the resumption of ODA in early 1990s, water resources management has been institutionalised in Vietnam by international support. In 1998, a Water Law was established in Vietnam. The intended separation of water resources management from water service provisions caused fragmentation between the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, respectively. This ‘silo-effect’ has been intensified by the competition for international ODA. The power struggles affect even agencies within ministries. Polycentric river basin committees have been established as entities subordinated to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, as well as the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. However, because of weak property rights allocation and the absence of administrative powers, the river basin organisations work ineffectively. The river basin has not yet been established as a sub-national area of political action. Decisions sustained to be made at central level and are affected by the information problem due to largely centralised organisations of Vietnamese water management. The sub-national level is characterised by very low planning and management capacities. In Poland, unicentric river basin organisations were established in 1991. They are aligned with hydrological borders. Water resources planning and management are carried out according to river basins and water regions in order to implement the EU WFD. The river basin has been established as a new area of decision-making. Conflicts between local-governments have been resolved after the reforms. Nevertheless, spatial management planning, environmental protection planning, water service delivery, etc., are further carried out by local self-governments. To integrate water resources planning and management with these services, horizontal coordination is of critical importance. However, this is hampered by problems of ‘spatial fit’. Moreover, a high degree of horizontal cross-border communication increases information problems in hierarchical organisations. Thus, features of polycentric governance models become increasingly important in order to fully implement the EU WFD in Poland.
Diabetes mellitus has been linked with an increased risk for oral diseases, especially periodontitis. However, studies results were not consistent. The present study was conducted to evaluate whether both type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with increased prevalence and extent of periodontal disease and tooth loss compared with non-diabetic subjects within a homogeneous adult study population. T1DM, T2DM and non-diabetic subjects were recruited from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). Additionally, T1DM subjects were retrieved from a Diabetes Centre in the same region. The total study population comprised 145 T1DM and 2,647 non-diabetic subjects aged 20-59 years, and 182 T2DM and 1,314 non-diabetic subjects aged 50-81 years. Multivariable regression revealed an association between T1DM and mean attachment loss (B=0.40 [95% CI; 0.19, 0.61], adjusted). Also, T1DM was positively associated with increased number of missing teeth after full adjustment (p<0.001). The association between T1DM and tooth loss was enhanced in subjects aged 40-49 and 50-59 years (p for interaction=0.01). In T2DM subjects, mean attachment loss was significantly higher compared with non-diabetic subjects (B=0.47 [95% CI; 0.21, 0.73], adjusted). The effect of T2DM was significantly enhanced in 60-69-years-old subjects (p for interaction=0.04). The association between T2DM and number of missing teeth was not statistically significant after adjustment (p=0.25). Analyses showed that the effect of T2DM on tooth loss was pronounced in females compared with males (p for interaction=0.01). In accordance with previous literature, present results suggested that periodontal diseases and tooth loss can been seen as a complication of both types of diabetes. Generally, periodontal diseases are preventable and treatable. Therefore, appropriate goals and strategies for improving periodontal health in subjects with diabetes need to be developed. Further, early detection and careful managed therapeutics with the physician and dentist working hand-in-hand may prove beneficial to the patient–s general health.
Discovery of novel Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases and their application in organic synthesis.
(2009)
The application of BVMOs in kinetic resolution is a versatile alternative for the synthesis of optically pure esters. Within this thesis BVMOs proved to be highly active against a broad range of linear and aryl aliphatic ketones yielding a variety of enantiopure products. Among the beta-hydroxy ketones several CHMOs and BVMOPsfl showed the best results (E > 100), whereas the application of the latter enzyme also allowed access to the abnormal esters (regioisomeric excess > 40%). Interestingly, some enzymes showed a reduced activity and selectivity with a growing chain length of the ketone, suggesting that middle-chain ketones (C8-C10) might be preferred. Moreover, the production of optically pure 1,2-diols was observed (yields 8-50%), resulting from an in vivo hydrolysis of the 2-hydroxy alkyl acetates. Regarding the N-protected beta-amino ketones, results were different. While the majority of CHMOs catalyzed linear substrates showing high enantioselectivities (for CHMOBrevi1 and CHMOBrachy E > 100, c = 40-50%), BVMOPsfl did not convert nitrogen bearing linear ketones, although this might also be justified with the methylcarbamate protecting group. Interestingly, the number of BVMOs catalyzing oxidation of spatially more demanding linear branched beta-amino ketones was greatly reduced, indicating steric hindrance that was also combined with a decrease in selectivity. Similar to the observation for beta-hydroxy ketones, also the 2 amino alkyl acetates hydrolyzed furnishing 2-amino alcohols (yields 9-52%). Moreover, hydrolysis of the “abnormal“ esters allowed an alternative access to valuable native and non-native β-amino acids. In a two step process, using CDMO from R. ruber and CAL-B, it was possible to generate N-protected (+)-beta-leucine. During kinetic resolutions of aryl aliphatic ketones it was observed that the highest enantio¬selectivities could be achieved utilizing HAPMOJD1, HAPMOACB and PAMO, enzymes typically preferring aromatic substrates. Biotransformation with 3-phenyl-2-butanone revealed an E-value > 100 for HAPMOJD1 (S-selective). Nevertheless, also BVMOPsfl converted this sub¬strate (E = 43), and also CHMOAcineto and CPMO oxidized it, although selectivity was rather low (E < 5). Interestingly, BVMOKT2440 was the only examined enzyme showing R selectivity (E = 13). Additionally, increasing the scale and performing biotransformation in a baffled flask could increase enantioselectivity of BVMOPsfl from E = 43 to 82. The discovery of novel enzymes with diverse properties is still a main goal of the biotechnological industry. Within these studies, two BVMOs (BVMOKT2440 and HAPMOJD1) could be successfully amplified from genomic DNA using different PCR-methods. Then, expression in E. coli was optimized, revealing that the reduction of expression temperature, implementation of E. coli JM109 or RosettaTM (DE3), possessing the pRARE plasmid to facilitate translation of rare codons in the latter case, and/or co-expression of chaperones (pGro7: GroEL/ES-familiy) could increase the amount of soluble and active protein. Both enzymes were subjected to biocatalysis and it was found that BVMOKT2440 preferentially oxidized linear ketones, while HAPMOJD1 dominantly converted aryl aliphatic ketones. The latter enzyme could be purified by anion exchange and affinity chromatography allowing examination of kinetic parameters. Thereby, HAPMOJD1 displayed lowest KM-values for acetophenone derivatives bearing their substituent in para-position (KM < 320 µM). Moreover, also aldehydes and heteroaromatic compounds were oxidized and also sulfoxidation was observed. Interestingly it was found, that both BVMO genes are located in the direct neighborhood of a dehydrogenase and a hydrolase. This led to the suggestion that these enzymes may be metabolically connected in the degradation of their natural substrate.
This thesis constitutes a computational study of charge and ion drag force on micron-sized dust particles immersed in rf discharges. Knowledge of dust parameters like dust charge, floating potential, shielding and ion drag force is very crucial for explaining complex laboratory dusty plasma phenomena, such as void formation in microgravity experiments and wakefield formation in the sheaths. Existing theoretical models assume standard distribution functions for plasma species and are applicable over a limited range of flow velocities and collisionality. Kinetic simulations are suitable tools for studying dust charging and drag force computation. The main aim of this thesis is to perform three dimensional simulations using a Particle-Particle-Particle-Mesh ($P^3M$) model to understand how the dust parameters vary for different positions of dust in rf discharges and how these parameters on a dust evolve in the presence of neighboring dust particles. At first, rf discharges in argon have been modelled using a three-dimensional PIC-MCC code for the discharge conditions relevant to the dusty plasma experiments. All necessary elastic and inelastic collisions have been considered. The plasma background is found collisional, charge-exchange collisions between ions and neutrals being dominant. Electron and ion distributions are non-Maxwellian. The dominant heating mechanism is Ohmic. Then, simulations have been done to compute the dust parameters for various sizes of dust located at different positions in the rf discharges. Dust charge and floating potential in the presheath are slightly larger than the values in the bulk due to the higher electron flux to the dust particle in the presheath. From presheath to the sheath the charge and floating potential values decrease due to the decrease of the electron current to the dust. A linear dependence of dust potential on dust size has been found, which results in a nonlinear dependence of the dust charge with the dust size when the particle is assumed to be a spherical capacitor. This has been verified by independently counting the charges collected by the dust. %where indeed it has been noted that the dust charge %scales nonlinearly with the dust size. The computed dust parameters are also compared with theoretical models. Simulated dust floating potentials are comparable to values obtained from Allen-Boyd-Reynolds (ABR) and Khrapak models, but much smaller than the values obtained from Orbit Motion Limited (OML) model. The dust potential distribution behaves Debye-H\"{u}ckel-like. The shielding lengths are in between ion and electron Debye lengths. % indicating shielding by both ions and electrons. Further, the orbital drag force is typically larger than the collection drag force. The total drag force for the collisional case is larger than for the collisionless case and it scales nonlinearly with the dust size. The collection drag values and size-scaling agrees with Zobnin's model. The charging and drag force computation is then extended to two and multiple static dust particles in the rf discharge to study the influence of neighboring dust particles on the dust parameters. Initially, the dust parameters on two dust particles are computed for various interparticle separation distances and for dust particles placed at different locations in the rf discharge. It is observed that for dust separations larger than the shielding length the dust parameters for the two dust particles match with the single dust particle values. As the dust separation is equal to or less than the shielding length the ion drag force increases due to the buildup of a parallel drag force component. However, the main dust properties like charge, potential, vertical component of ion drag are not affected considerably. This is attributed to the smaller collection impact parameter values compared to the dust separation. %This is because the %collection impact parameter values in the sheath and the presheath are smaller %than the smallest dust separation and in case of the dust in the bulk, the %collection impact parameter is comparable with the dust separation. Then the dust charges on multiple dust particles located at different positions in the discharge and arranged along the discharge axis are also computed. It is found that the charges of the multiple dust particles in the bulk or presheath do not differ much from the single particle values at that location. But the dust charges of multiple dust particles located in the sheath drastically differ from the single dust parameter values. Due to ion focusing from dust particles in the upper layers, the ion current increases to dust particles in the lower layers resulting in smaller charge values. This is as well the case where dust particles are vertically aligned as in the standard experiments of dusty plasmas. In conclusion, this work used a fully kinetic (PIC and MD or $P^3M$) model to study the physics of dust charging in rf plasmas. Our simulations revealed that the dust parameters vary considerably from the bulk to the sheath. The CX collisions increase flux to the dust thereby affecting the dust parameters and their scaling with dust size. Also, a dust particle affects the charging dynamics of its neighbor only when their separation is within the shielding length. In the plasma sheath, ion focussing can cause great reduction in dust charges.
Infrared laser absorption spectroscopy (IRLAS) employing both tuneable diode and quantum cascade lasers (TDLs, QCLs) has been applied with both high sensitivity and high time resolution to plasma diagnostics and trace gas measurements.
TDLAS combined with a conventional White type multiple pass cell was used to detect up to 13 constituent molecular species in low pressure Ar/H2/N2/O2 and Ar/CH4/N2/O2 microwave discharges, among them the main products such as H2O, NH3, NO and CO, HCN respectively. The hydroxyl radical has been measured in the mid infrared (MIR) spectral range in-situ in both plasmas yielding number densities of between 1011 ... 1012 cm-3. Strong indications of surface dominated formation of either NH3 or N2O and NO were found in the H2-N2-O2 system. In methane containing plasmas a transition between deposition and etching conditions and generally an incomplete oxidation of the precursor were observed.
The application of QCLs for IRLAS under low pressure conditions employing the most common tuning approaches has been investigated in detail. A new method of analysing absorption features quantitatively when the rapid passage effect is present is proposed. If power saturation is negligible, integrating the undisturbed half of the line profile yields accurate number densities without calibrating the system. By means of a time resolved analysis of individual chirped QCL pulses the main reasons for increased effective laser line widths could be identified. Apart from the well-known frequency down chirp non-linear absorption phenomena and bandwidth limitations of the detection system may significantly degrade the performance and accuracy of inter pulse spectrometers. The minimum analogue bandwidth of the entire system should normally not fall below 250 MHz.
QCLAS using pulsed lasers has been used for highly time resolved measurements in reactive plasmas for the first time enabling a time resolution down to about 100 ns to be achieved. A temperature increase of typically less than 50 K has been established for pulsed DC discharges containing Ar/N2 and traces of NO. The main NO production and depletion reactions have been identified from a comparison of model calculations and time resolved measurements in plasma pulses of up to 100 ms. Considerable NO struction is observed after 5 ... 10 ms due to the impact of N atoms.
Finally, thermoelectrically cooled pulsed and continuous wave (cw) QCLs have been employed for high finesse cavity absorption spectroscopy in the MIR. Cavity ring down spectroscopy (CRDS) has been performed with pulsed QCLs and was found to be limited by the intrinsic frequency chirp of the laser suppressing an efficient intensity build-up inside the cavity. Consequently the accuracy and advantage of an absolute internal absorption calibration is not achievable. A room temperature cw QCL was used in a complementary cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (CEAS) configuration which was equipped with different cavities of up to ~ 1.3 m length. This spectrometer yielded path lengths of up to 4 km and a noise equivalent absorption down to 4 x 10-8 cm-1Hz-1/2. The corresponding molecular concentration detection limit (e.g. for CH4, N2O and C2H2 at 1303 cm-1/7.66 μm) was generally below 1 x 1010 cm-3 for 1 s integration times and one order of magnitude less for 30 s integration times. The main limiting factor for achieving even higher sensitivity is the residual mode noise of the cavity. Employing a ~ 0.5 m long cavity the achieved sensitivity was good enough for the selective measurement of trace atmospheric constituents at 2.2 mbar.
(A paperback version is published by Logos under ISBN 978-3-8325-2345-9.)
Solifuges (Solifugae, Arachnida) are an important element of the fauna especially in arid and desert environments. Unfortunately, this animal group has only been extremely poorly studied not only in terms of morphology, but also ecology, physiology, systematics and phylogeny. The present study aimed to provide a detailed overview of their anatomy and ultrastructure. Representatives of these peculiar animals were investigated by means of light and electron microscopy in order to gain new insights in their functional morphology and also to evaluate potential characters for their systematic and future phylogenetic studies. The histology and ultrastructure of the following organ systems have been investigated: tarsal structures, sensory structures and nervous system, coxal glands, alimentary system, respiratory system, circulatory system and reproductive systems. Additionally, a camel spider in Baltic amber was described, representing the second known specimen of fossil Solifugae in Baltic amber. Further on, the entire mitochondrial genome of Nothopuga sp. was sequenced for comparison with other solifuges and chelicerates in order to reveal changes in their gene order.
The introduction of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) enabled the separation and visualization of a substantial fraction of an organism’s entire proteome, and when mass spectrometry entered protein science, these proteins became even amenable to identification on a grand scale. Nevertheless, important classes of proteins elude a separation on classical 2 D gels, as the ones showing extremes in isoelectric point or molecular weight, and foremost very hydrophobic proteins naturally embedded in lipid membranes. This thesis aimed at the establishment and adaptation of alternatives to 2-D PAGE. New techniques allowing for an identification and quantification of critical protein classes were designed and adopted to physiological questions in the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. In a comprehensive study on cytoplasmic proteins of S. aureus COL the number of proteins identified by a 2-D gel based approach could be extended by 650 proteins employing gel free technologies. Application of these complementary methods resulted in the establishment of a comprehensive reference map of the cytosolic proteome in growing and non-growing S. aureus cells which can serve as basis for further physiological investigations. Gel free separation of complex protein digests was likewise used in a quantitative study on heat stress in B. subtilis. By implementation of the iTRAQ® technology four different physiological states could be relatively quantified in one experiment. A parallel generation of 2-D gel based data enabled the depiction of strengths and weaknesses of protein quantitation by both, spot intensities on 2-D gels and iTRAQ® signal intensities in MS/MS spectra. Furthermore, new insights into heat sensitivity of pivotal enzymes involved in amino acid biosynthesis could be delivered. The institution of gel free approaches and advancements in 2-D PAGE provide the tools to penetrate into yet unamenable scopes of proteomes. A review on proteome coverage in B. subtilis gives an overview on the strategies which have been explored for most comprehensive protein identification in various sub-proteomes. Although more than one third of B. subtilis’ open reading frames could be demonstrated on protein level, one has to be aware of the fact that it still is a long way to achieve complete coverage of its proteome. Integral membrane proteins make up about one quarter of the entirety of proteins in a cell. Despite their large portion they are clearly understudied due to the intricacy of identification. Their low abundance and non-accessibility of membrane-spanning domains represent major experimental difficulties. The establishment of a protocol efficiently depleting cytosolic proteins by membrane shaving and targeting trans-membrane peptides by novel digestion strategies essentially facilitated identification of highly hydrophobic integral membrane proteins. This protocol was not only successfully applied to the membrane proteome of growing S. aureus cells, but was shown to be applicable in B. subtilis as well. Both studies displayed the novel membrane shaving approach to be highly complementary to a previously established separation of membrane proteins via 1 D PAGE. A combination of the two techniques resulted in identification of about half of the theoretical membrane proteome in both bacteria, and hence layed the foundation for advanced and quantitative analyses. In this regard, 14N/15N metabolically labeled membrane samples of growing and non-growing cells of S. aureus COL were relatively quantified revealing a significant difference in amount for more than one third of the proteins. A corresponding experimental setup was used to compare the membrane proteomes of S. aureus SA113 and its mutant deficient in the lysylphosphatidylglycerol synthetase MprF. Interesting quantitative differences were obtained for proteins most likely involved in the regulation of cellular surface net charge as well as for virulence-associated proteins.
Asymmetrical capacitively coupled RF discharges in oxygen, argon and hydrogen have been experimentally investigated with the innovative technique of the phase resolved optical emission spectroscopy. This diagnostic tool allows to measure spatio-temporally resolved emission intensities of electronically excited species with a high resolution. The spatial (axial) resolution was better than 1 mm and a temporal resolution of about 1.5 ns has been achieved. Therefore the plasma induced optical emission within the RF cycle (TRF = 73.75 ns) from the RF sheath region with a typical mean sheath thickness of about 5mm has been studied. Spatio-temporally resolved optical emission patterns of the following optical transitions have been measured for a total gas pressure in the range of 20 to 100 Pa and self-bias voltages between -50 and -550 V: Oxygen plasma Emission at 777.4 nm and 844.6 nm (atomic oxygen) Argon plasma Emission at about 751 nm and 841 nm (argon) Hydrogen plasma Emission at 656.3nm (atomic hydrogen, H alpha-line) These transitions are the most prominent ones of the investigated excited species in these plasmas as could be shown from overview spectra of the plasma induced optical emission in the range from 350 to 850 nm. For the first time such extensive PROES measurements in oxygen CCRF plasmas are presented in this work. The additional investigations of argon and hydrogen plasmas serve as a reference and for a direct comparison with results from the literature. The temporal behavior of the emission intensity is influenced by the effective lifetime of the emitting states which is on the order of the nanosecond time scale of the RF cycle. Therefore, it does not represent the real temporal behavior of the excitation. A simple method has been applied to calculate relative excitation rates from the measured emission intensities to distinguish different excitation mechanisms and their correct relative temporal behavior. In a close collaboration within the framework of the Sonderforschungsbereich Transregio 24 'Fundamentals of Complex Plasmas' a newly 1d3v PIC-MCC code for simulations of capacitive RF discharges in oxygen has been developed by Matyash et al. The very close coupling of experiment and modeling allowed a really detailed and microscopic understanding of the processes and dynamics from the sheath to the bulk plasma in CCRF discharges. The spatio-temporally resolved excitation rate profiles show four different excitation structures (I-IV). Excitation processes due to the following mechanisms in CCPs could be identified and characterized: I Electrons expelled from growing sheath II Electrons detached from negative ions (collisions with neutrals) + secondary electrons from the electrode surface (ion bombardment) III Field-reversal effect, reduced mobility of electrons (electron-neutral collisions) IV Heavy-particle collisions These excitation mechanisms are characterized by different temporal and spatial behaviors of the excitation rate within the RF cycle. Additionally it has been shown that the excitation by electron impact in the investigated oxygen plasmas results mainly from dissociative electron impact excitation (O2 + e -> O + O* + e) and not from direct electron impact excitation (O + e -> O* + e). Actinometry measurements show that the results are not really credible. Thus actinometry is not applicable on the investigated oxygen RF plasma. A challenge in interpretation is the observed excitation pattern IV. Pattern IV has to be caused in connection with heavy particle collisions nearby the electrode surface and could be observed in all the three plasmas oxygen, argon and hydrogen. It is located directly in front of the powered electrode and appears during almost the whole RF cycle. The temporal modulation is nearly sinusoidal and weak in comparison to the first three patterns. This is due to the weak RF modulation of the ion flux towards the electrode surface which has been proven by a PIC simulation. It could be shown that the modulation degree of pattern IV depends on the transition time of the corresponding positive ions through the RF sheath which is influenced by the ion mass. In oxygen as well as in argon CCRF plasmas pattern IV is less modulated than in hydrogen CCRF plasmas due to the heavier ions in oxygen and argon. Additionally the modulation degree increases with increasing pressure due to the more confined plasma at higher pressures which is yielding in a stronger modulated ion current towards the powered electrode.
The Caribbean is a geologically complex region with several different plate boundary interactions. Geodynamic reconstructions of the northwestern Caribbean region have been particularly controversial in terms of the number of arcs, subduction polarity, and timing of collision. This thesis develops a refined tectonic reconstruction for the northwestern Caribbean based on a review of geological data of Cuba and a regional analysis within the northwestern Caribbean context. With regard to plausibility, significant emphasis was put on the degree and qualitiy of visualization. Three crustal sections across key areas in western, central, and eastern Cuba have been constructed in order to conduct an evolutionary interpretation in three dimensions. Western and central Cuba constitute an orogenic belt resulting from the collision of a mid- to Late Cretaceous volcanic arc - the "Great Caribbean Arc" - with the southern paleomargin of North America. The collision process apparently started in the Campanian, but major north- to northeast-directed thrusting processes at the southern Bahamas margin culminated during the Paleocene. A continous southwest-dipping polarity of the "Great Caribbean Arc", at least from the Aptian-Albian, can be infered from (1) its Late Cretaceous approach towards the North American margin, (2) the magnitude of top to the north directed tectonic transport in the Cuba orogenic belt, and (3) the internal structures of the metamorphic fore-arc assemblages and their evolution on the north side of the arc. An Early Cretaceous southwest-dipping origin of the "Great Caribbean Arc" along the northern fringe of the Chortís Block appears to be in all probability. This concept provides a link between (1) middle Late Cretaceous collision processes along the Matagua suture zone, (2) the Turonian termination of "Great Caribbean Arc"-activity on Jamaica, and (3) the late Campanian onset of collision in the Cuba orogenic belt. The collision of the "Great Caribbean Arc" with the Bahamas margin hampered relative northward motion of the Caribbean Plate from the late Campanian onward. Continued northward push finally resulted in the commencement of north-dipping subduction. Late Cretaceous commencement of north-dipping subduction was accompanied by superposition of oceanic crust and large-scale north-directed gravity sliding on the upper plate, as documented by ophiolitic slide-masses and Maastrichtian olistostromes in eastern Cuba (Nipe - Cristal and Moa Baracoa ophiolite massifs) as well as on Jamaica (ophiolites of the Bath-Dunrobin Complex) and the southern peninsula of Hispaniola. Progress of north-dipping subduction was responsible for the emergence of a Paleocene to Middle Eocene volcanic arc which spanned the northwestern Caribbean along the southern boundary of the Yucatán Basin while the Chortís Block and the Nicaragua Rise were still in a paleoposition to the south of the Maya Block. North-dipping subduction and the associated volcanic arc isolated the Yucatán Basin from its original affiliation to the Caribbean Plate. Relative northward motion of the Caribbean Plate and activity of the Paleogene volcanic arc stopped after the Eocene arrival of thickened oceanic crust of the Caribbean Large Igneous Province at the north-dipping subduction zone. After the late Early Eocene commencement of spreading at the Mid-Cayman Rise, North America - Caribbean relative motion was taken up along the sinistral Oriente Fault with estimated amounts of 800 to 1000 km offset since the Middle Eocene. This transform margin dissmembered the northwestern Caribbean extend of the Paleocene to Middle Eocene volcanic arc. Its eastern bend was uncoupled in the course of this process and may be represented by the Aves Ridge. South-central Hispaniola can be restored to a Middle Eocene position to the south of eastern Cuba, which accounts for an approximate Cenozoic displacement of 200 to 300 km. Therefore, most of the western prolongation of the Oriente Fault must be accommodated at the northern bounding-faults of the southern peninsula of Hispaniola. The proposed synthesis is in clear accordance with the paradigm of plate tectonics, corroborating its capability to incorporate even a complex region like the Caribbean.
In the present work, mass determinations of the eleven neutron-deficient nuclides (99-109)Cd, of ten neutron-rich silver nuclides (112-114,121,123)Ag, and seven neutron-rich cadmium nuclides (114,120,122-124,126,128)Cd are reported. Due to the clean production of the neutron-deficient nuclides it was possible to reduce the experimental uncertainties down to 2 keV, whereas the measurements of neutron-rich nuclides were hampered by the presence of contaminations from more stable In and Cs nuclides. In the case of 99Cd and 123Ag the masses were determined for the first time and for the other nuclides the mass uncertainties could be reduced by up to a factor of 50 as in the case of 100Cd. In the case of a potential isomeric mixture as for (115,117,119)Ag and 123Cd, where no assignment to either the ground state or the excited state was possible, the experimental results were adjusted accordingly. Afterwards all results were included in the framework of the atomic-mass evaluation and thus linked and compared with other experimental data. In the case of the neutron-deficient Cd nuclides a conflict between the mass values obtained in the present work and those published by the JYFLTRAP group could be solved by performing an atomic-mass evaluation. These mass measurements are an important step towards an understanding of the physics of the rp process that will enable a more reliable determination of the composition of the produced material at A = 99. It has been shown that the mass of 99Cd strongly affects the A = 99 production in an X-ray burst model, and that uncertainties have been significantly reduced from more than an order of magnitude to about a factor of 3. The dominant source of uncertainty is now the mass of 100In. In principle, other uncertainties will also contribute. These include those of masses of lighter Cd isotopes, where similar rp-process branchpoints occur and which might affect feeding into the 99Cd branchpoint. In addition, nuclear reaction rate uncertainties will also play a role. However, as reaction rates affect branchings in a linear fashion, while mass differences enter exponentially, mass uncertainties will tend to dominate. Also, which reaction rates are important depends largely on nuclear masses. For example, for low Sp(100In) a (p,γ)-(γ,p) equilibrium will be established between 99Cd and 100In and the 100In(p,γ) reaction rate would affect the A = 99 production, while for larger Sp(100In) the 99Cd(p,γ) reaction rate might be more relevant. Therefore, the mass uncertainties should be addressed first. The presented results are relevant for any rp-process scenario with a reaction flow through the 99Cd region. Here, an X-ray burst model has been used to investigate in detail the impact of the present measurements on such an rp process. The νp process in core collapse supernovae might be another possible scenario for an rp process in the 99Cd region. It it is planed to also explore whether in that case mass uncertainties have a similar impact on the final composition. On the neutron-rich side of the valley of stability for the Cd and Ag chains of nuclides, the r process has not yet been reached. Further technical development on suppression of contaminants are required. This includes improvements on the ISOLDE side, e.g., by improving the selectivity of the transfer line or on the ISOLTRAP setup by implementing an electrostatic ion beam trap for a fast and efficient isobaric selection. Nevertheless the obtained results contribute to the knowledge of nuclear structure. The trends in the two-neutron separation-energy S2n and the interaction between the last neutrons and last protons ΔVpn were corrected to more smooth evolutions, as already seen in other regions of the nuclear chart. The strongest corrections have been observed for even-N nuclides, were more new experimental data are available. Thus, new measurements on odd-N nuclides are suggested. This also is underlined by the trends observed in the Garvey-Kelson relations for the neutron-rich Cd nuclides. Furthermore, it has been shown, that the prominent structure of the ΔVpn for an entire chain of nuclides including inflexion points can be reproduced by using simple relations between quantum numbers of the occupied orbits. This approach connects ten values for each nuclide with only one adjusted parameter. This has been investigated for 63 ΔVpn values of even-even nuclides in the vicinity of Z = 50 and 50 ≤ N ≤ 82. The simple model works remarkably well for the elements Cd, Sn, and Te. Small deviation have been observed for the Xe and Pd nuclides which were explained with the limitations of the model to the vicinity of the close shells, where the nuclides have only few valence protons and neutrons.
Therapeutic Sealing of Proximal Tooth Surfaces: Two-Year Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation
(2009)
The diagnosis, prevention and treatment of proximal carious lesions comprise a constant problem in clinical dentistry. The purpose of this investigation was to test the safety and clinical effect of a new treatment for proximal caries. In 50 patients with two proximal initial lesions (D1-3 without cavitation, bitewing X-ray), orthodontic rubber rings were applied to gain access to the interproximal space. One of the lesions was sealed with a thin polyurethane-dimethacrylate foil using a bonding agent (Heliobond®, Vivadent, Schaan/Liechtenstein); the other lesion received oral home-care with dental floss and fluoridated toothpaste and was left as control. In clinical follow-ups after 6 and 12 months and X-ray evaluation after two years, clinical retention of proximal tape and the underlying sealant, marginal adaptation, discoloration, tooth vitality, proximal plaque and gingivitis were checked. In addition, caries was assessed clinically and radiographically. The sealants showed good retention, marginal adaptation and colour. After two years, vitality of all teeth was still positive and no relevant differences in plaque accumulation or gingival status were found between sealed and control teeth. Two sealed surface had to be filled due to caries progression (D3 with cavitation). 9 sealed lesions showed caries regression. In contrast, only 4 control lesions regressed and also two showed progression. The loss of tape had no significant influence on the lesion progression indicating the effect of the underlying bond. All other sealants and control lesions were stable indicating an arrest of the lesion. In conclusion, sealing initial proximal lesions showed no clinical problems and mostly arrest of initial carious lesions on bitewing X-rays.
The experimental determination of the electron energy distribution of a low pressure glow discharge in neon from emission spectroscopic data has been demonstrated. The method extends an approach by Fischer and Dose [5]. The spectral data were obtained with a simple overview spectrometer and analyzed using a strict probabilistic, Bayesian data analysis. It is this Integrated Data Analysis (IDA) approach, which allows the significant extraction of non-thermal properties of the electron energy distribution function (EEDF). The results bear potential as a non-invasive alternative to probe measurements. This allows the investigation of spatially inhomogeneous plasmas (gradient length smaller than typical probe sheath dimensions) and plasmas with reactive constituents. The diagnostic of reactive plasmas is an important practical application, needed e.g. for the monitoring and control of process plasmas. Moreover, the experimental validation of probe theories for magnetized plasmas as a long-standing topic in plasma diagnostics could be addressed by the spectroscopic method.
Effect of surgical intervention on the activation status of circulating monocytes and T-cells
(2009)
Major surgery causes alterations in immune function which results in immune suppression in post surgical patients. Deactivation of monocytes in these patients is characterised by the reduced ability of these cells to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines on stimulation with LPS in vitro and by markedly reduced HLA-DR expression. Immune suppression in patients with systemic inflammation has also been associated with a high level of apoptosis in both the circulating T and B cell populations. In addition post surgical T cells have a reduced capacity to proliferate ex vivo in response to co-ligation of the T cell receptor and CD-28. Considering these impairments of immune system, this study aimed to define the extent of immune modulation in both innate and adaptive system in a cohort of surgical patients. Measurment of the level of HLA-DR expression of monocytes in these patients showed a considerable change in monocyte phenotype in the immediate post operative period. In line with previous work, all patients showed a considerable reduction in monocytic surface HLA-DR expression which persisted for many hours and those who had post surgical septic complications showed the most severe reduction. Importantly, patients with minor surgical intervention also exhibited decreased HLA-DR expression. Gene expression analysis of monocyte in these patients showed the up-regulated transcripts of genes involved in extravasation and realignment of the cytoskeleton. Analysis of periperal T cell demonstrated a significant reduction in their number in the circulation and a sharp raise in the number of apoptotic T –cells in the immediate post surgical period. Microarray analysis of T cells from patients who developed sepsis and patients with an uneventful recovery within the post-operative period (3 days) showed a substantial reduction in the transcriptional activity of many genes in both groups. However, this down regulation of T cell transcriptional activity appears to be a rather broad and non specific effect since it is not restricted to particular functional pathways. Real time PCR analysis of both the CD4+ and CD8+ populations using selected down-regulated genes showed that the change in transcriptional profile is equally evident both in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. The cause of this transient immune depression following surgery remains to be established and it may represent an important enabling factor which contributes to the development of post surgical infections and inflammatory complications.
Medulloblastoma is one of the most common malignant childhood brain tumors. Although advances in multimodal treatment have significantly improved the survival rate, the outcome of children is still very poor. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel approaches that can increase survival and reduce long term side effects of patients. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs) have emerged as a promising new class of antineoplastic agents in cancer therapy. Among them, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, vorinostat, Zolinza®) is a highly potential HDI which has been approved for treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and is currently used for treatment of various tumor cell types both in vivo and in vitro. However, only little information has been reported on the effects of SAHA on primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors including medulloblastoma. The DAOY cell line represents the most widely used model cell line for investigation of medulloblastoma. In a recent study, it was reported that SAHA induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of DAOY cells (Sonnemann et al., 2006). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this antitumor activity are still not clear. Therefore, in this study, effects of SAHA on DAOY cells were analysed at the protein level by using both gel-based and gel-free proteomic approaches. A 2D proteome reference map of DAOY cells in pH range of 4-7 was created from control and 10 µM SAHA treated cells via a combined analysis using 2D electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS. This reference map covers 1196 identified protein spots of more than 770 distinct proteins. This is the first report of a 2D proteome map of SAHA treated DAOY cells. Moreover, the number of covered proteins was increased with the aid of a 1D-RP-LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. Both methods together gave rise to a total of over 1200 distinct protein species, which is the largest catalogue of proteins identified in DAOY cells so far. In SAHA treated cells, a series of proteins were found to be subjected to protein degradation after treatment with the drug, including mainly cytoskeleton proteins (e.g. beta-tubulin, beta/gamma-actin, vimentin, filamin interacting protein 1), heat shock protein HS90B and a component of the FACT chromosomal remodelling complex (SSRP1). Most of those proteins are known substrates for caspases. Interestingly, several of these protein degradations are reported as typical apoptotic events in brain cells such as fragmentations of lamin A/C, alpha-spectrin, myosin-9 and SSRP1. The 2D reference map was then used as an annotated database for further investigation of changes in protein expression and protein modification profiles of DAOY cells following SAHA treatment. By using the 2D-DIGE technique, SAHA was found to induce significant changes in protein levels of DAOY cells, especially at the concentration of 10 µM while considerably fewer changes in the protein pattern were observed after treatment with the lower dose of 2 µM. Quantitative analysis of total protein extracts using the 2D-DIGE technique (employing pH range of 4-7) and spectral counting (employing a 1D-RP-LC separation) resulted in the identification of 213 differentially expressed proteins after treatment with 10 µM SAHA. Most of the targeted proteins belong to the groups of cytoskeleton proteins (e.g. lamin B1, calreticulin, dynexin), heat shock proteins (e.g. HSP71, HSP7C, CH60, GRP78) and brain signal transductors (e.g. 14-3-3E, 14-3-3T, CRK, MARCS). Other proteins that changed in levels after SAHA treatment include proteins involved in chromatin remodelling (e.g. RUBV1, RUBV2), transcription regulation (e.g. YBOX, CBX5), redox regulation (e.g. TXND4, TXND5, BIEA), metabolism (e.g. G6PI, K6PP, LDHB) and RNA processing (HNRP K). In addition, cathepsin D, one of autophagic executors, was increased by SAHA treatment while different subunits of the 26S proteasome complex were decreased in levels after addition of SAHA. Interestingly, we found alterations of mitochondrial proteins indicating the perturbation of mitochondrial function. VDACs are pore forming proteins located on the outer mitochondrial membrane which is known to play an important role in the release of apoptogenic proteins such as cytochrome-c from mitochondria to cytoplasm and induction of apoptosis. In this study, VDAC1 and VDAC3 were found to be overexpressed after incubation with SAHA, which might lead to an extensive release of apoptogenic proteins. This result is consistent with the study of Sonnemann and co-workers showing that SAHA induced the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway of DAOY cells (Sonnemann et al., 2006). Furthermore, these results are also in agreement with the previously known antitumor activities of SAHA reported for other cancer cell lines, e.g. the up-regulation of heat shock proteins, prostaglandin synthase 3, ubiquinol cytochrome c reductase or the down-regulation of MARCS proteins. …………………
Alcohol-related somatic disorders are highly prevalent among general hospital inpatients. Alcohol problem drinking can be differentiated into alcohol use disorders (alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse) and three subtypes of drinking above recommended levels (at-risk drinking only [AR], heavy episodic drinking only [HE], at-risk and heavy episodic drinking [ARHE]). The aims of this study were threefold. First, proportions of alcohol problem drinking among general hospital inpatients in a region of north-eastern Germany were estimated (study 1). Second, among individuals with alcohol problem drinking the association between beverage preference and alcohol-related diseases was tested (study 2). Third, subtype differences regarding demographics, alcohol-related variables, motivation to change drinking behaviors, and the risk to develop short-term alcohol dependence among the three subtypes of drinking above recommended levels were analyzed (study 3). The data presented in this dissertation are based on the randomized controlled trial “Early Intervention at General Hospitals”, which is part of the Research Collaboration Early Substance Use Intervention (EARLINT). Study 1 includes a sample of consecutively admitted general hospital inpatients between 18 and 64 years old (n = 14,332). The study adopted a two-stage-sampling approach: (a) screening and (b) ascertainment of alcohol problem drinking. Those who were identified with alcohol problem drinking were asked for written consent for further study participation. This included further baseline assessment, the consent to use routine treatment diagnoses and participation in a follow-up interview 12 months after hospitalization. For study 2, routine treatment diagnoses were provided by hospital physicians for a total of 1,011 men with problem drinking. These diagnoses were classified into three categories according to their alcohol-attributable fractions (AAF): diseases totally attributable to alcohol by definition (AAF=1), diseases partially attributable to alcohol (AAF<1) and diseases with no empirical relationship to alcohol or with a possibly protective effect associated with alcohol (AAF=0). Study 3 was restricted to study participants with drinking above recommended levels (n=425). Study 1: Among all general hospital inpatients, 8.9% were identified with current problem drinking in the following descending order: 5.3% exhibited alcohol use disorders and 3.6% drinking above recommended levels. Higher proportions of problem drinking were found at rural sites compared to urban sites (13.7 vs. 7.5%, p<.001). Study 2: Because of the low proportion of women with alcohol problem drinking the following analyses were restricted to males. Multinomial regression analyses revealed different risks for alcohol-related diseases in relation to beverage preference while controlling for alcohol-associated and demographic confounders. Compared to all other groups, spirits only drinkers had the highest risk for having a disease with AAF>0; e.g., beer only drinkers had lower odds of having a disease with AAF<1 (odds ratio, OR=0.50, 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.27-0.92). Study 3: Men with alcohol use disorder were excluded from the following analysis. At baseline, multinomial logistic regression revealed differences between individuals with AR, HE and ARHE while controlling for age. ARHE was associated with higher odds of having a more severe alcohol problem (OR=2.06, CI: 1.23-3.45), using formal help (OR=2.21, CI: 1.02-4.79), and having a disease with AAF=1 (OR=3.43, CI: 1.58-7.43), compared with AR. In addition, individuals with ARHE had higher odds of taking action to change drinking behaviors (i.e., beginning to implement change) than individuals with HE (OR=2.29, CI: 1.21-4.34) or AR (OR=2.11, CI: 1.15-3.86). At follow-up, individuals with ARHE had higher odds of having alcohol dependence according to the DSM-IV (OR=4.73, CI: 1.01–22.20) compared to individuals with AR. In addition to alcohol use disorders, drinking above recommended levels is a common problem among general hospital inpatients. Thus, the implementation of systematic alcohol screening and brief interventions should be considered. These data suggest an association between beverage preference and alcohol-related diseases. Among hospitalized problem drinkers, spirits only drinkers had the greatest risk of having diseases with AAF>0. Of the three subtypes of drinking above recommended levels, ARHE seems to be particularly problematic because there appears to be an indication of a subclinical diagnosis. To provide adequate intervention, clinical practice should distinguish between the three groups of drinking above recommended levels. Brief alcohol intervention should be tailored to the individual’s motivation to change and to the type of alcohol problem drinking. The effectiveness of such a procedure remains to be evaluated in further studies.
The WEGA stellarator is used to confine low temperature, overdense (densities exceeding the cut-off density of the heating wave) plasmas by magnetic fields in the range of B=50-500 mT. Microwave heating systems are used to ignite gas discharges using hydrogen, helium, neon or argon as working gases. The produced plasmas have been analyzed using Langmuir and emissive probes, a single-channel interferometer and ultra-high resolution Doppler spectroscopy. For a typical argon discharge in the low field operation, B=56 mT, the maximum electron density is n_e~10^18m^{-3} with temperatures in the range of T=4-12 eV. The plasma parameters are determined by using Langmuir probes and are cross-checked with interferometry. It is demonstrated within this work that the joint use of emissive probes and ultra-high resolution Doppler spectroscopy allows a precise measurement of the radial electric field. Here the floating potential measurements using emissive probes have been compared to measurements of the poloidal rotation of the plasma which is also linked to the radial electric field. In order to alter the plasma parameters a biasing probe setup has been used during this work. The focus of this work is on demonstrating the ability to modify the existing radial electric field in a plasma by using the biasing probe. This technique is in principle not new, as it has been around for decades. Looking at details, it turns out that describing low field operation WEGA argon plasmas in connection with biasing is not covered by the present set of theoretical approaches and experimental cognition. This work will commence with a basic approach and first establishes the diagnostic tools in a well-known discharge. Then the perturbation caused by the biasing probe is assessed. Following the characterization of the unperturbed plasmas, plasma states altered by the operation of the energized biasing probe will be characterized. It is demonstrated that modifying the existing radial electric field can be achieved and reliably diagnosed using spectroscopy and probe measurements. In order to verify the different approaches for determining the radial electric field the diagnostics are cross-checked against another whenever possible. During biasing the plasma two different stable plasma states have been found. Stable here refers to the state existing much longer than the confinement time for WEGA. The presence of a calorimetric limiter placed in the scrape-off layer has an impact on the type of the plasma state. The two observed plasma states differ in plasma parameter profiles, such as density, temperature, electric field and confined energy. The results are compared to two simple models. One model relies on the relevant atomic processes and a second one is based on neoclassical theory. Both models can be used to derive the particle and power flux from the plasma. The losses predicted by the atomic models can be tested using bolometry. It can be shown that both models agree well in the description of the particle balance of the electrons for large regions of the plasma. By comparing the models the neoclassical heat flux turns out to be small compared to the energy fluxes caused by atomic processes. For the reference discharge taking the energy flux due to the atomic processes and balancing it by the input microwave power is satisfying the energy balance, without the need for transport. For the biased discharges it turns out that neoclassical transport can be neglected as well, but the additional biasing power has to be taken into account. A simple model for the biasing power is motivated and tested. An agreement in the energy balance can be reached in this way as far as the models are applicable. The models also allow drawing conclusions on the amount of absorbed microwave power.
Age-related brain injuries including stroke, are a major cause of physical and mental disabilities. Therefore studying the basic mechanism underlying functional recovery after brain stroke in middle aged subjected it is of considerable clinical interest. Data from our lab and elsewhere indicate that, behaviorally, middle aged rats were more severely impaired by stroke than were young rats, and they also showed diminished functional recovery. Infarct volume did not differ significantly in young and middle aged animals, but critical differences were apparent in the cytological response to stroke, most notably an age-related acceleration of the establishment of the glial scar. The early infarct in older rats is associated with a premature accumulation of BrdU-positive microglia and astrocytes, persistence of activated oligodendrocytes, a high incidence of neuronal degeneration, and accelerated apoptosis. In middle aged rats, neuroepithelial-positive cells were rapidly incorporated into the glial scar, but these neuroepithelial-like cells did not make a significant contribution to neurogenesis in the infarcted cortex in young or middle aged animals. Stroke is accompanied by a strong inflammatory reaction in the brain. We hypothesized that a mild systemic inflammatory reaction as caused by periodontal disease prior to stroke onset, may exert a neuroprotective effect in a rat model of focal ischemia. To test this hypothesis, marginal periodontitis was induced in BB/LL Wistar rats for 3 weeks. Two weeks after periodontitis initiation, focal cerebral ischemia was produced by reversible occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. After a survival time of 7 days after ischemia, rat brains were analyzed. In addition, markers of systemic inflammation were determined in a different group of laboratory animals at 14 days after the onset of periodontitis. We found that rats with a mild systemic inflammation had a significantly reduced infarct volume and a significant reduction in the number of brain macrophages in the infarcted area. Conclusions: The available evidence indicates that the middle aged brain has the capability to mount a cytoproliferative response to injury, but the timing of the cellular and genetic response to cerebral insult is deregulated in middle aged animals, thereby further compromising functional recovery. In addition we found that that mild systemic inflammation elicited prior to stroke onset may have a neuroprotective effect in rats by reducing the infarct volume and tissue destruction by brain macrophages.
Turbulence is a state of a physical system characterized by a high degree of spatiotemporal disorder. Turbulent processes are driven by instabilities exhibiting complex nonlinear dynamics, which span over several spatial as well as temporal scales. Apart from fluids and gases, turbulence is observed in plasmas. While turbulent mixing of a system is sometimes a desired effect, often turbulence is an undesired state. In hot, magnetically confined plasmas, envisaged for energy generation by thermonuclear fusion, plasma turbulence is clearly a problem, since the magnetic confinement time is drastically deteriorated by turbulent transport. Hence, a control mechanism to influence and to suppress turbulence is of significance for future fusion power devices. An important area of plasma turbulence is drift wave turbulence. Drift waves are characterized by currents parallel to the ambient magnetic field, that are tightly coupled to a coherent mode structure rotating in the perpendicular plane. In the present work, the control of drift waves and drift wave turbulence is experimentally investigated in the linear magnetized helicon experiment VINETA. Two different open-loop control systems - electrostatic and electromagnetic - are used to drive dynamically parallel currents. It is observed that the dynamics of the drift waves can be significantly influenced by both control schemes. If the imposed mode number as well as the rotation direction match those of the drift waves, classical synchronization effects like, e.g., frequency locking, frequency pulling, and Arnold tongues are observed. These confirm the nonlinear interaction between the control signal and the drift wave dynamics. Finally, the broadband drift wave turbulence, and thereby turbulent transport, is considerably reduced if the applied control signal is sufficiently large in amplitude.
Understanding of the regulatory mechanisms controlling stress gene expression of S.aureus in response to environmental stress is very essential in studying its fitness and virulence. In this work, the changes in protein expression profiles as well as the gene transcription of S.aureus after heat exposure, osmotic stress and in response to the antibiotic puromycin were studied in order to provide detailed insights into the response of S.aureus to various kinds of environmental stress under in vitro conditions, namely: (1) to investigate the global response of S.aureus to heat stress conditions using transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. (2) to study the transcriptome and proteome of S.aureus in response to antibiotic substance puromycin. (3) to define the proteome signatures of S.aureus under NaCl stress condition. (4) to complete the proteome map of cytoplasmic proteins of S.aureus by identifying proteins exclusively synthesized during the exposure to stress. Firstly, the high resolution 2-D protein gel electrophoresis technique combined with MALDI-TOF-MS and a DNA array approach were used to investigate the cellular response of S.aureus to heat stress. A switch from normal growth temperature to high temperature condition revealed complex changes in the protein expression pattern as well as the genes expression profile. The effect of puromycin stress on S.aureus cells was analyzed, using a gel-based proteomic approach and transcriptomic analyses with DNA microarrays. We compared the protein synthesis pattern as well as the transcription data of S.aureus in response to puromycin stress with that in response to heat shock. The results demonstrated that both stress conditions induced specific, overlapping and general responses. Finally, the protein expression profile of S.aureus in response to NaCl stress was analyzed with 2D gel based proteomic approach. Our proteome analyses revealed the repression of the synthesis of many enzymes belong to different metabolism pathways . In summary, the signatures for stress or starvation stimuli can be used as diagnostic tools for the prediction of the mode of action of new antibiotics or for studying the physiological state of cells grown. Expression of the respective genes under in vivo conditions could provide some ideas on the environmental signals that specifically influence the survival of S.aureus within and outside the host.
In this work, the investigation of dusty plasma by means of tunable diode laser spectroscopy was carried out. Special interest was focused on the interactions of dust particles and metastable atoms. At first, Al density and temperature in dc and pulsed magnetron discharges were measured. Measurements with argon as working gas show an expected behavior of the measured atom density and temperature. Decrease of absorption signal was observed in argon/oxygen and argon/methane mixtures. A small admixture of oxygen leads to a complete disappearance of the absorption signal indicating vanishing Al atom density. The effect is believed to be caused by the oxidation of the magnetron target. This decrease reveals typical hysteresis behavior caused by poisoning of the target. Significant difference between critical oxygen flow value in dc and pulsed modes was registered. Then dust formation and plasma behaviors in hydrocarbon containing plasmas were analysed. The dust growing plasmas (Ar/C2H2, Ar/CH4 and Ar/C3H6 rf plasmas) were characterized by laser transmission and scattering methods, ion energy distribution function and mass spectrum evolution by plasma processing monitor, and the spatial distribution in pristine plasma and the temporal behavior of the metastable atom density in processing plasma using TDLAS. Pristine plasma were then characterized in term of metastable density and temperature. The radial distribution of neon metastable atom density in capacitive coupled rf discharge can be approximated to a Gaussian profile with the width smaller than plasma chamber radius. The diffusion flow of metastable atoms deduced from their spatial density distribution gives the loss of metastable atom in the plasma sheath. Argon metastable density was measured in rf plasma and compared with a simple model for metastable density. The model explains well the trend of metastable density with respect to the change of plasma input power. Metastable density of dusty plasma with injected dust particles was measured and compared to that of pristine plasma. The particle heating by metastable atoms was strongly evidenced. The power absorbed by dust particles due to bombardment of metastable atoms onto a dust particle surface in our experiments is about 0.04 Wm-2 for the low dust density case and lower for higher dust density which is in the same order as the contributions of kinetic energy of ions and electrons and the energy released by their recombination on the grain surface. The influence of dust particle density and size on metastable density was studied. Through measuring metastable density, TDLAS can be used as a tool to study the dust growth process in processing plasma.
Mind the gap: Information gaps and bridging options in assessing in-situ conservation achievements
(2008)
The biodiversity crisis has gained political attention on a global level. The “2010 Target” of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) aims to significantly reduce the loss of biodiversity by 2010. In order to achieve this, a network of representative and effectively managed protected areas is to be established. The effectiveness of protected areas thus represents one indicator for progress towards the CBD’s 2010 Target. However, indicators require information. The present study, in a first step, reviews the availability of open access long-term ecological data for assessing protected area effectiveness. This review shows two parallel – though contradictory – phenomena: data overkill and data scarcity. While the number of online databases providing open access data on biodiversity has grown tremendously, no long-term ecological data for a larger set of protected areas can be openly accessed. Reasons for this data scarcity are discussed. Based on this lack of information, in a second step, a method to bridge information gaps through social science research is aspired. An innovative Conservation Success Framework is developed, which defines and relates conservation needs, conservation capacity and conservation actions, its three main components. The basic assumption is that conservation can only be successful where the conservation capacity exists that is required to implement the conservation actions determined by the conservation needs. The framework was used to develop open and closed questionnaires for application in two Mexican biosphere reserves, the Sierra Gorda and the Sierra de Manantlán. As "conservation success" is often immeasurable in protected areas in practice due to unspecific conservation objectives the term is for the case studies substituted by “conservation achievements”, i.e. clearly noticeable effects from conservation actions. Overall, almost 60 interviews were conducted with different stakeholder groups. The gained information is validated through social science research techniques, such as triangulation of perspectives and active and passive observation. Based on this, conservation needs are identified and conservation capacities summarised and discussed for both case study sites. Implemented conservation actions addressing identified conservation needs and conservation capacity constraints are then analysed. In addition, noticeable effects from conservation actions on the state of biodiversity at case study sites, i.e. the conservation achievements, are described. Where locally available, non-open access data (as opposing open access data) are used to verify the findings from the social science research. Identified conservation achievements at both case study sites are evident both from quantitative information (for example forest cover increase according to non-open access data) and qualitative information (for example perceived change in the occurrence of illegal activities according to interviews). In addition, rather “intangible” indicators that can only be revealed through qualitative surveys are identified for both sites. This study thus highlights the crucial importance of integrating different types of data, ecological and socio-economic, as well as quantitative and qualitative ones. The present study concludes with a series of recommendations 1) to local practitioners at the two case study sites, and 2) to the international conservation community. Local practitioners may benefit from the present study because its results provide for each site a) an overview of existing conservation needs and implemented conservation actions; b) an easy way to identify action gaps; c) a baseline to identify progress indicators; and d) an overview of diverse perspectives on the current effectiveness of the biosphere reserves. These benefits are considered of particular importance as they can be influential in the revision of the site’s management plans, which both are now approximately ten years old and will soon be revised. The international conservation community will not be able to make a clear statement in the year 2010 about the effectiveness of protected areas on a global level due to a lack of information and transparency. However, the year 2010 should not be considered an end point for measuring progress in in-situ conservation; instead protected area quality standards must be created, effectiveness evaluations institutionalised and efforts to foster regular reporting must continue. Consequently, a scheme of consolidated actions from local to national and international level is proposed that could help to sustainably bridge existing information gaps and close them on the long run. In the end, progress reporting on the effectiveness of protected areas, and other indicators, can only improve if different governance levels “mind the information gaps” in cooperation, until continued information gathering and sharing hopefully closes these gaps one day.
Until today most social, historical and cultural studies of the American postwar era have contributed to the myth of a relatively homogeneous society and culture. Even though they understood these years as a turning point for modern American society, they failed to encompass the polyvalence and heterogeneity of American society. Focussing mostly on white and middle class males, these studies formed a onedimensional picture of sociocultural conformity, a picture in which issues of gender, race and class were largely absent. Crossing the boundaries of feminist, cultural and historical studies this dissertation starts from identifying the gaps and problems in current academic research. Those sociopolitical structures that affected non-white women are then juxtaposed with the dominant postwar discourse of womanhood. The literary texts by women of color show them grappling with the conflicting demands of socioecnomic realities and pervasive role definitions. On the surface these literary interventions seemed to submit to dominant ideologies while opposing them at the same time. Thus they are both anticipatory and antagonistic. The dissent and criticism in writings by women of color seem to have become a catalyst for the deep social transformations in the following decades.
In this work we will analyse the capabilities of several numerical techniques for the description of different physical systems. Thereby, the considered systems range from quantum over semiclassical to classical and from few- to many-particle systems. For each case we address an interesting, partly unsolved question. Despite the different topics we address in the individual chapters, the problems under study are somehow related because we focus on the time evolution of the system. In chapter 1 we investigate the behaviour of a single quantum particle in the presence of an external disordered background (static potentials). Starting from the quantum percolation problem, we address the fundamental question of a disorder induced (Anderson-) transition from extended to localised single-particle eigenstates. Distinguishing isolating from conducting states by applying a local distribution approach for the local density of states (LDOS), we detect the quantum percolation threshold in two- and three-dimensions. Extending the quantum percolation model to a quantum random resistor model, we comment on the possible relevance of our results to the influence of disorder on the conductivity in graphene sheets. Furthermore, we confirm the localisation properties of the 2D percolation model by calculating the full quantum time evolution of a given initial state. For the calculation of the LDOS as well as for the Chebyshev expansion of the time evolution operator, the kernel polynomial method (KPM) is the key numerical technique. In chapter 2 we examine how a single quantum particle is influenced by retarded bosonic fields that are inherent to the system. Within the Holstein model, these bosonic degrees of freedom (phonons) give rise to an infinite dimensional Hilbert space, posing a true many-particle problem. Constituting a minimal model for polaron formation, the Holstein model allows us to study the optical absorption and activated transport in polaronic systems. Using a two-dimensional variant of the KPM, we calculate for the first time quasi-exactly the optical absorption and dc-conductivity as a function of temperature. Concerning the numerical technique, the close relation to the time evolution in the other chapters get clear if we identify temperature with an imaginary time. In chapter 3 we come back to the time evolution of a quantum particle in an external, static potential and investigate the capability of semiclassical approximations to it. Considering various one-dimensional geometries, we address basic quantum effects as tunneling, interference and anharmonicity. The question is, to which extend and at which numerical costs, several semiclassical methods can reproduce the exact result for the quantum dynamics, calculated by Chebyshev expansion. To this end we consider the linearised semiclassical propagator method, the Wigner-Moyal approach and the recently proposed quantum tomography. A conceptually very interesting aspect of the compared semiclassical methods is their relation to different representations of quantum mechanics (wave function/density matrix, Wigner function, quantum tomogram). Finally, in chapter 4 we calculate the dynamics of a classical many-particle system under the influence of external fields. Considering a low-temperature rf-plasma, we investigate the interplay of the plasma dynamics and the motion of dust particles, immersed into the plasma for diagnostic reasons. In addition to the huge number of involved particles, the numerical description of this systems faces the challenge of a large range of involved time and length scales. Exploiting the mass differences of plasma constituents and dust particles allows for separating the PIC description of the plasma from the MD simulation of the dust particles in the effective surrounding plasma.
The term atomic cluster relates to compounds of at least two or three atoms. Thereby the physical properties are size dependent and the property transitions between single atoms and bulk material are not always smooth. Ion traps allow it to observe internal cluster properties independent from the influence of external forces. In this work the electron induced decay of singly negatively charged atomic clusters was observed. The dissociation cross section of the clusters is dominated by detachment of the only weakly bound outer electrons. For simple atoms at low electron energies a simple scaling law can be obtained that includes only the binding energies of the valence electrons. Nevertheless for larger sizes theoretical calculations predict so called "giant resonances" as dominant decay process in metal clusters. Due to mass limitations in storage rings exist so far only cross section measurements for simple anions and small negative molecules. In this work the electron detachment cross sections of small negatively charged carbon (Cn- n=2-12), aluminium (Aln- n=2-7) and silver clusters (Agn- n=1-11) were measured in an electrostatic ion beam trap. The classical scaling law, including only the binding energies of the valence electrons, turned out to be not sufficient, especially for larger clusters. In order to improve the correlation between measured and predicted values it was proposed to involve the influence of the cluster volume and the specific polarisability induced by long range coulomb interaction. For silver clusters the best agreement was obtained using a combination of the projected area reduced by the polarisability. The existence of "giant resonances" could not be confirmed. According to theory for clusters with a broad internal energy distribution, a power-law decay close to 1/time is expected. For some clusters the lifetime behaviour would be strongly quenched by photon emission. The thermionic evaporative decay of anionic aluminium and silver clusters in a size range from one to ten constituents was tested but a correlation could be only found incidentally for a few cluster sizes.
The human antibody response to experimental colonization with Staphylococcus aureus NCTC8325-4
(2008)
The four main work packages and their most important results are briefly described as following. 1. Characterization of the extracellular proteome of S. aureus NCTC8325-4 Reference maps of the extracellular proteins of S. aureus NCTC8325-4 were produced at pH ranges 6-11 and 4-7. In total, 119 (pH 6-11) and 177 (pH 4-7) protein spots were identified, corresponding to 48 and 114 proteins, respectively. Among them were many well-known virulence factors such as alpha-hemolysin (Hla), beta-hemolysin Hlb, gamma-hemolysin subunits (HlgA-C), hyaluronate lyase (HysA) and staphylococcal superantigen-like protein 11 (Ssl11). We also detected various extracellular enzymes, which can cause tissue degradation and are involved in nutrient acquisition, for example, autolysin (Atl), glycerol ester hydrolase (Geh), lipase (Lip), thermonuclease (Nuc), several serine proteases SplA-F (SplA-F), V8 protease (SspA), cysteine protease (SspB), staphopain thiol proteinase (88195808, SspP). Many of these proteins probably also contribute to the virulence of S. aureus. 2. Optimization of a 2-D immunoblot (IB) method for the comprehensive investigation of IgG binding to S. aureus extracellular proteins (strain NCTC8325-4) The immune proteome of S. aureus NCTC8325-4 was revealed by probing 2-D blots of S. aureus extracellular proteins at the two pH ranges 6-11 and 4-7 with a pool of sera from 16 volunteers. IgG binding was detected with high sensitivity using a peroxidase-coupled secondary Ab in combination with an ECL-substrate. With application of the software package Delta2D, we could clearly define 66 immune reactive spots on the immunoblots (IBs) of pH range 6-11 and 38 spots on IBs of pH range 4-7. 72 of these 104 immune reactive spots could be identified by matching the IBs with the protein reference maps. These spots represented 36 identified proteins, many of which are known virulence factors, or they are involved in bacterial cell wall biosynthesis and degradation. Generally, the most abundant proteins were also highly immune reactive, but there was no strict correlation between protein abundance and immune reactivity. Some low abundance proteins, especially basic proteins, showed high immune reactivity on 2-D IBs, for example, Atl, 88195808 (SspP) and iron-regulated surface determinant protein A (IsdA). On the other hand, we observed proteins, which were present in large amounts but did not bind IgG such as peptidoglycan hydrolase (LytM) and a hypothetical protein 88193909 (SAOUHSC_00094). 3. Determination of the anti-staphylococcal Ab profiles of S. aureus carriers and noncarriers Comparing the serum IgG binding patterns of sera from the 16 individual volunteers, we observed pronounced heterogeneity in total IgG binding, spot patterns and spot intensities. Five spots were stronger in carriers than in noncarriers (P< 0.05, Mann-Whitney U test). These spots represent IgG binding to SspA, SspB, IsaA, and two hypothetical proteins. A principal component analysis based on differential IgG binding to these spots showed that the carriers were more closely related to each other than the noncarriers, but that they could not be clearly separated from the noncarriers. 4. Does experimental colonization induce changes of the anti-staphylococcal Ab profiles? Finally, we tested whether symptom-free experimental colonization of the 16 volunteers with S. aureus NCTC8325-4 elicited an IgG response. When we compared sera obtained before colonization with those taken 4 weeks after the inoculation with the laboratory S. aureus strain, we did not observe major changes in the Ab patterns. We conclude that short- term colonization with a strain of low virulence does not suffice to induce an Ab production, which is comparable to that present already before the colonization. Thus, either long term high density colonization is required, or as we consider most likely, the adaptive immune response is primarily triggered by (minor) S. aureus infections. Taken together, in this work we have separated the soluble proteins from complex extracellular S. aureus protein extracts with good reproducibility, large coverage (pH 6-11 and 4-7) and high resolution. With application of an ECL substrate, our 2-D immunoblotting procedure resulted in the highly sensitive detection of IgG binding over a wide range of signal intensities. The most important finding with this technique was the pronounced variability of anti-staphylococcal Ab profiles in healthy adults. This could well explain differences in susceptibility to S. aureus infection and its complications. The Ab responses are presumably triggered by long-term colonization or, more likely, by minor infections with S. aureus, since experimental nasal colonization of healthy volunteers with a bacterial strain of low virulence did not induce impressive changes in the Ab profiles.
A paradigm was developed to experimentally investigate the dysregulation of affective reactivity in clinical depression. The literature so far reported evidence for three directions of dysregulation - negative potentiation, positive attenuation, and emotion context insensitivity. Therefore a paradigm was designed to allow to test all three hypotheses simultaneously. Furthermore, to enable generalization across the specific stimuli used in the experiment, stimuli of two sensory modalities were used - pictures and sounds. Because it was hypothesized, that the specificity of affective reactivity of depressed patients will be especially prominent in long lasting affective situations, a categorically blocked presentation mode was chosen. Regarding the dependent variables, a multimethod approach was conducted. Besides self-report ratings of the feeling state, startle responses, skin conductance responses, heart rate, and the electromyogram of the corrugator and zygomatic muscle were recorded. In a separate session, BOLD-responses during picture viewing were collected by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Both sessions were conducted with three samples: a healthy student sample, a depressed outpatient sample, and a healthy age and gender matched control sample. The results of the patient sample support an integration of the emotion context insensitivity and the negative potentiation hypothesis. Patients reported generally to feel more unpleasant and more aroused than healthy controls. Skin conductance and startle responses were modulated by valence to a smaller degree in the patients than in the controls. No group differences were found in the facial muscle activity. BOLD-responses were potentiated during unpleasant compared to neutral pictures in the patient but not in the control group in the amygdala, the insular cortex and the orbito frontal cortex. A model to integrate these results is developed. Its central assumption is, that the inability to respond to affective stimuli is an aversive experience and therefore leads to a negativity bias in attention and cognition. Direction of further research and implications for psychotherapies are discussed.
Degradation of branched chain aliphatic and aromatic petroleum hydrocarbons by microorganisms
(2008)
The overall aim of the work was to investigate the ability of several Gram-positive bacteria including Mycocbacterium neoaurum SBUG 109, Nocardia cyriacigeorgica SBUG 1472 and Rhodococcus ruber SBUG 82 and the yeast Trichosporon mucoides SBUG-Y 801 to degrade and transform branched chain hydrocarbons which occur in petroleum and its fraction products such as gasoline or gas oil and which are known as important and recalcitrant environmental pollutants. Pristane, iso-pentylbenzene and sec-octylbenzene were used in this work as model compounds. These compounds represent significant groups of petroleum constituents (branched chain alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons). Three bacteria and the yeast T. mucoides SBUG-Y 801 were selected in a screen of 16 hydrocarbon-utilizing strains in the SBUG collection and from 21 isolated hydrocarbon-utilizing strains from oil-contaminated habitats of Saudi Arabian Desert and of Vietnam. The bacteria were identified in cooperation with DSZM (Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen) as M. neoaurum SBUG 109, N. cyriacigeorgica SBUG 1472, R. ruber SBUG 82. These bacterial and yeast strains were shown to possess high potential for degrading and transforming pristane, iso-pentylbenzene and sec-octylbenzene. The intermediates produced by these bacteria during incubation with pristane were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The products 4-methyl pentanoic acid; methyl butanedioic acid; 2-methyl pentadioic acid; methyl propanedioic acid; 4-methyl heptanedioic acid and 2,6,10,14–tetramethyl-pentadecan–3–one were detected in M. neoaurum cultures. In R. ruber, methyl butanedioic acid; 2-methyl pentadioic acid; 4,8-dimethylnonanoic acid, 4-methyl heptanedioic acid; 2,6,10–trimethylundecanoic acid; 3,7-dimethyl decanedioic acid and 2,6,10,14–tetramethyl–pentadecan–3-one were identified. In N. cyriacigeorgica, 2-methylpentanedioic acid; 4,8-dimethylnonanedioic acid; 2,6-dimethylheptanedioic acid and pristanic acid were found. The detection of 11 intermediates during pristane degradation by the three Gram-positive bacteria provided sufficient information to elucidate in detail three degradative pathways of pristane involving mono-, di- and sub-terminal oxidations. The sub-terminal oxidation by M. neoaurum and R. ruber was demonstrated for the first time. This occurence of a sub-terminal oxidation in these strains was strengthened by further results of aromatic compounds transformation (see below). During this pathway, ketone mono-oxygenation reactions seem to be involved. Because of this it will be of interest to look more closely at the catalytic processes involved and their possible extension to the bio-degradation of other branched chain hydrocarbons. Since in the present study 59 %, 51 % and 84 % of pristane were degraded in 3 weeks by M. neoaurum, R. ruber and N. cyriacigeorgica, this illustrated that the degradation rates of this isoprenoid alkane were high. The bacteria we studied were not only effective degraders of multiple branched chain alkane but also useful transformers of aromatic hydrocarbons. The intermediates produced were analyzed by comparing the retention times and UV/Vis spectra of the HPLC elution profile as well as the retention times and mass spectra of the GC/MS with those of available standards. Using iso-pentylbenzene as a substrate, 8 metabolites were generated by M. neoaurum transformation including product A (phenylacetic acid), B (acetophenone), D (iso-valerophenone), E (succinic acid), F (benzoic acid), G [(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-acetic acid] and H (2-methyl-4-phenyl-butyric acid). We additionally identified an alkyl hydroxylated iso-pentylbenzene derivative as 2-methyl-4-phenyl-butan-2-ol or 2-methyl-4-phenyl-butan-1-ol. Two metabolites (C and D) were detected by N. cyriacigeorgica transformation and three metabolites (A, D and F) were identified by R. ruber transformation which led to the complete biotransformation of this substance. iso-Pentylbenzene transformation by M. neoaurum was initiated by attack on the alkyl side chain followed by ring cleavage. The appearance of iso-valeorophenone confirmed the occurrence of a sub-terminal oxidation mechanism in M. neoaurum and R. ruber. In addition to products A, C, D and G, the identification X-(3–methyl–butyl)-phenol (X means that position of the hydroxy group on the aromatic ring system, such as 2, 3 or 4 remained unclear) in T. mucoides cultivation demonstrated for the first time the capacity of alkyl side chain attack by this organism which was hitherto known only for its ability of ring cleavage. The detection of 15 degradation products of sec-octylbenzene (including 2-phenylpropionic acid, 3-phenylbutyric acid, ß-methylcinnamic acid, 5-phenylhexanoic acid, acetophenone, 2-hydroxy-acetophenone, 2,3-dihydroxy-benzoic acid, succinic acid, 7-phenyloctan-2-one, benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid, 7-phenyl-octan-2-ol, hydroxy-phenylacetic acid and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid), in the studied bacteria pointed to an effective sec-octylbenzene degradation pathway in which dehydrogenation of 3-phenylbutyric acid to form ß-methylcinnamic acid is a newly described option. The identification of 2-phenylpropionic acid and 3-phenylbutyric acid in sec-octylbenzene transformation experiments by T. mucoides confirmed the possibility of alkyl side chain attack by this yeast. Summarizing the results, we describe for the first time in detail the biotransformation of sec-octylbenzene by M. neoaurum, N. cyriacigeorgica, R. ruber and T. mucoides. Our results suggest that these microorganisms may be useful as potential strains for hydrocarbon degradation and it may be of interest to investigate their suitability to solve specific environmental pollutant problems associated with branched chain aliphatic and alkyl-branched compounds which contribute to the persistence of hydrocarbon fractions in the environment.
Multiply negatively charged aluminium clusters and fullerenes were generated in a Penning trap using the "electron-bath" technique. Aluminium monoanions were generated using a laser vaporisation source. After this, two-, three- and four-times negatively charged aluminium clusters were generated for the first time. This research marks the first observation of tetra-anionic metal clusters in the gas phase. Additionally, doubly-negatively charged fullerenes were generated. The smallest fullerene dianion observed contained 70 atoms.
The rapid neutron-capture or the r-process is responsible for the origin of about half of the neutron-rich atomic nuclei in the universe heavier than iron. For the calculation of the abundances of those nuclei, atomic masses are required as one of the input parameters with very high precision. In the present work, the masses of the neutron-rich Zn isotopes (A=71 to 81) lying in the r-process path have been measured in the ISOLTRAP experiment at ISOLDE/CERN. The mass of 81Zn has been measured directly for the first time. The half-lives of the nuclides ranged from 46.5 h (72Zn) down to 290 ms (81Zn). In case of all the nuclides, the relative mass uncertainty (∆m/m) achieved was in the order of 1E-8 corresponding to a 100-fold improvement in precision over previous measurements.
Genome-wide responses and regulatory mechanisms to thiol-specific electrophiles in Bacillus subtilis
(2008)
The soil-dwelling bacterium Bacillus subtilis is regarded as model organism for functional genomic research of low GC Gram-positive bacteria. Recently, the group of Haike Antelmann has monitored the expression profile of B. subtilis after exposure to phenolic compounds. Interestingly, proteome and transcriptome analyses showed a strong overlap in the expression profile after exposure to catechol, MHQ that auto-oxidized to quinones and the thiol-reactive electrophile diamide. The response to electrophilic quinones and diamide is governed by a complex network of transcription factors, including Spx, CtsR, PerR, CymR and the novel MarR-type repressors MhqR (YkvE), YodB and YvaP. The regulatory mechanisms of these novel thiol-stress sensors YodB and YvaP are studied as part of this thesis in collaboration with the group of Peter Zuber (Oregon). YodB negatively regulates the expression of the nitroreductase YodC and the azoreductase YocJ (AzoR1) after exposure to electrophilic quinones and diamide. The azoreductase AzoR1 is a paralog of AzoR2 that is under control of MhqR. Both paralogous azoreductases (AzoR1 and AzoR2) have common functions in quinone and azo-compound reduction to protect cells against the thiol reactivity of electrophiles. DNA binding activity of YodB is directly inhibited by thiol-reactive compounds in vitro. Mass spectrometry approaches suggested that YodB is regulated by a thiol-(S)-alkylation mechanism in response to quinones. Mutational analyses revealed that the conserved Cys6 residue of YodB is required for optimal repression in vivo and in vitro. Recent studies further suggest that YodB is redox-regulated by intersubunit disulfide formation in vivo by diamide. In addition to the azoreductases, several thiol-dependent dioxygenases confer resistance to quinones. In collaboration with Kazuo Kobayashi (Nara), the YodB-paralogous MarR/DUF24-family regulator, YvaP was identified as repressor of the catechol-2,3-dioxygenase encoding yfiDE (catDE) operon. DNA binding activity of YvaP was also directly inhibited by quinones and diamide in vitro indicating that also YvaP is regulated via post-translational modifications. Mutational analyses showed that the conserved Cys7 is essential for YvaP regulation in vivo and serves as sensor for thiol-reactive compounds. In addition, also the basic amino acids K19, R20 are essential for YvaP repression in vivo as well as conserved basic arginine and lysine residues located in the DNA binding helix-turn-helix (HTH) motif. Non-reducing PAGE analysis suggests the formation of an intersubunit disulfide bond in a YvaP dimer upon treatment with quinones and diamide in vitro. Besides quinones, also aldehydes are electrophilic compounds which react via the thiol-(S)-alkylation reaction with thiols. Thus, we were also interested in the response of B. subtilis to the toxic electrophiles methylglyoxal (MG) and formaldehyde (FA). We analyzed the changes in the transcriptome and proteome of B. subtilis after exposure to MG and FA. Like quinone compounds, both MG and FA induce the thiol-specific stress response. Metabolomic approaches confirmed that these reactive aldehydes deplete the cellular thiol pool and thus act like quinones as another class of thiol-reactive electrophiles. Additionally, MG and FA also triggered responses to overcome DNA damage. Our studies further revealed the specific induction of two FA detoxification pathways regulated by the MarR/DUF24 family repressor HxlR, and the novel MerR/NmlR-type regulator YraB (AdhR). HxlR positively regulates the hxlAB operon encoding the ribulose monophosphate pathway. AdhR positively regulates an adhA-yraA operon that encodes the thiol-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (AdhA) and the DJ1/PfpI-like cysteine proteinase (YraA), and the yraC gene that encodes a γ-carboxymuconolactone decarboxylase. Thus, the AdhR regulon is involved in the detoxification of FA to formate via the formaldehyde dehydrogenase AdhA which catalyzes the cleavage of S-hydroxymethylcysteine adducts. In addition, the cysteine proteinase YraA could be involved in the degradation of S-hydroxymethylcysteine-modified and damaged protein thiols. In collaboration with the group of John Helmann (Ithaca), it was shown that AdhR binds in vitro to a conserved inverted repeat between the -10 and -35 promoter elements upstream of adhA, yraB and yraC. In addition, we showed that the conserved Cys52 of AdhR is essential for aldehyde sensing and activation of adhA-yraA transcription in vivo. Thus, we speculate that redox regulation of AdhR involves thiol-(S)-alkylation of this Cys52 residue by aldehydes as another novel mechanism of bacterial physiology.
Summary Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common type of cancer found in men from western countries and is the leading cancer death next to lung cancer and colorectal cancer. Proteomic studies on PCa identified a number of differentially expressed proteins and some of them were reported as potential markers, but clinical application of these markers is mostly missing. Most of the expression profiling studies have been carried out on radical prostatectomy specimens, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections, serum, urine and prostate fluids. To define the protein expression pattern of prostate biopsies, in the present study we investigated biopsy samples from benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and PCa patients by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (BPH n=11 and PCa n=12) and mass spectrometry to identify potential biomarkers which might distinguish the two clinical situations. 2-DE results revealed 88 protein spots expressed differentially among hyperplasia and cancer groups with statistical significance. Interesting spots were analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS-MS and 79 different proteins identified. The important proteins identified included, Prohibitin and NDRG1 tumor suppressor proteins, HSPs, cytoskeletal proteins, enzymes like DDAH1 and ALDH2. Prohibitin expression was investigated in detail at mRNA level and protein level using immunohistochemistry on prostatectomized specimens. We found that the level of mRNA for prohibitin correlates with the increased amount of protein indicating the involvement of changes at transcriptional level. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry revealed no staining in BPH, moderate staining in prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and strong staining in PCa. From the list of differentially proteins compared to PCa, TPD52 is over expressed in prostate cancer and also mRNA estimation by real-time PCR confirmed over expression of TPD52 at transcriptional level in cancer. TPD52 is a protein over expressed in prostate and breast cancer due to gene amplification but its exact physiological function is not investigated in detail. In the present study, we explored the responsiveness of LNCaP cells after dysregulation of TPD52 expression. Transfection of LNCaP cells with specific shRNA giving efficient knockdown of TPD52 resulted in a significant cell death of the carcinoma LNCaP cells. As evidenced by the activation of caspases (caspase-3 and -9) and by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, cell death occurs due to apoptosis. The disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential indicates that TPD52 acts upstream of the mitochondrial apoptotic reaction. To study the effect of TPD52 expression on cell proliferation, LNCaP cells were either transfected with EGFP-TPD52 or a specific shRNA. EGFP-TPD52 overexpressing cells showed an increased proliferation rate whereas TPD52-depleted cells showed a reverse effect. Additionally, we demonstrated that the exogenous expression of TPD52 promotes cell migration via ávâ3 integrin in prostate cancer cells through the activation of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) pathway. In an attempt to identify new interacting proteins for TPD52, GST pulldown assays provided evidence for the physical interaction between TPD52 and Prx1 in LNCaP cells. Further, immunoprecipitation results confirmed this interaction. Our results demonstrates that protein profiling and mRNA studies can be performed on prostate biopsies. Moreover, our study revealed a significant up-regulation of prohibitin in prostate cancer compared to BPH which may be a potential marker to distinguish PCa and BPH. From the results for functional characterization of TPD52, we conclude that TPD52 plays an important role in various molecular events particularly in morphological diversification and dissemination of PCa. It may be a promising target to investigate further in detail to develop new therapeutic strategies to treat PCa patients. Caspases represent a family of cysteine proteases that are regarded as central executioners of apoptotic cell death. Activation of caspase cascade is an essential prerequisite in the induction of apoptosis in cellular systems. So far, in many tumors caspases were shown to be downregulated while anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 is up-regulated. To get insight in their putative role in PCa progression we determined the expression of caspase-1, uncleaved caspases 3 and 6, cleaved (activated) caspases 3 and 6, caspase-9 and antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 in benign prostate epithelium (BPE) and prostate carcinoma. In the current study 20 prostates were obtained from patients undergoing radical prostatectomy due to PCa. Paraffin embedded prostate whole mounts were cut at (4 µm) and investigated immunohistochemically using anti-mouse monoclonal antibodies directed against caspases 1 and 9, uncleaved caspases 3 and 6, cleaved caspases 3 and 6, and Bcl-2. In BPE all caspases were localized in the cytoplasm of glandular cells. Comparing BPE to PCa, no differences were found for caspase-1, uncleaved caspases 3 and 6 as well as caspase-9. Immunostaining for cleaved caspases 3 and 6, however, revealed a statistically significant reduction in PCa compared to non-neoplastic tissue. Whereas in BPE Bcl-2 protein was detected in the basal compartment of epithelial gland cells no immunostaining was seen in PCa. As our results show a decreased amount of activated caspases may be due to the alterations of posttranslational cleavage rather than expression of caspases 3 and 6. This suggests that the modification in their activation pathway could play an important role during PCa progression.
1. The study confirms an association between transverse arch dimensions and severity of ankyloglossia, which reflects relationship between molar difference and free tongue. 2. Molar difference in group A (complete and severe ankyloglossia cases) has high negative values (average -4.38) which was much smaller than the data from the literature concerning many different types of occlusion. 99 3. The exact relation between transverse arch dimension and severity of ankyloglossia needs further research.
The primary objective of this study is to practically apply geostatistical tools that can help to improve an evaluation of groundwater quality for a particular area. The Nam Dinh area, an area of 70 x 70 km2, located in the Southern part of the Red River Delta, was selected as a source for different data sets to be used as case studies. A set of geostatistical tools has thus been applied to the different real data sets which were collected from the coastal Quaternary aquifers in the different campaigns. This gives us a yardstick by which the success of a specific approach can be measured. Throughout the thesis a series of the case studies are, in turn, represented in order to get insight into and an understanding of what various geostatistical tools can do and, more importantly, what their shortcomings are. There are nine different methods of data analyses use in this thesis, which include: (1) Major Ion Comparison, (2) Graphic Plots, (3) Exploratory Statistical Data Analysis, (4) Variogram Analysis, (5) Spatial Estimation Using Kriging, (6) Cluster Analysis, (7) Principle Component Analysis, (8) Multivariate Regionalization Analysis, and (9) Contamination Risk Mapping Using Indicator Kriging. First, major ion comparison and graphic analysis are performed in order to get a general hydrogeochemical view of the collected datasets, before stepping into a further geostatistical approach. By these analyses, various groundwater types are observed and a general hydrochemical trend is visualized using Stiff- and Piper diagrams as well as site maps. The major ion ratios in relation to TDS concentration are compared to investigate the origin of water. Second, a statistical exploratory data analysis is applied to describe the important features of the data by which the character of a specific hydrogeochemical variable might be recognized. Deviations from the Gaussian probability model are detected and appropriate transformations for a formal analysis in geostatistics are selected. Since the Theory of Regionalized Variables (Mathéron 1971; short term: Geostatistics) assumes Gaussian distribution the hydrochemical variables used here are checked for normality. These analyses show that although the data are facing some problems such as outliers and they are very positively skewed at the linear scale, this can effectively be minimized by transforming the data to log-scale. Third, both variogram analyses and Kriging techniques are used to spatially estimate a rectangular 36x36 estimation grid within an area of 70 x 70 km based on the sampled locations (85, 45 and 74 and 38 visited locations for the Pleistocene RS, the Pleistocene DS, the Holocene RS, the Holocene DS, respectively). These estimated values are then used to map the spatiotemporal variability of groundwater quality. In practice, estimation of unknown values and mapping of concentrations of a specific variable can, of course, easily be created by many available software programs. However, error variances are always present in any estimation due to a level of uncertainty, so the reliability of how these estimates could be yielded has also been evaluated in this case study. A critical assessment of all possible variations, tightly related to the seasonal change, directional influence, spatial distribution and prediction error is conducted and concluded. Fourth, Cluster Analysis (CA), Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and Multivariate Regionalization Analysis (RA) are applied to three main datasets of all Quaternary aquifers in the Nam Dinh area to discover the relationships among measured hydrochemical parameters by which we can detect and regionalize major factors which have an impact upon groundwater quality. These approaches are also to overcome the plethora of data that is usually a common problem for any one who has already tackled groundwater data. In this case study both clustering and R mode principal component analyses are thus performed based on the following parameters: The log-transformed concentrations of all measured major ions and of NO3-, NO2-, NH4+, PO42-, i.e. 11 variables from three different datasets of the main aquifers. By cluster analysis three classes of water types, ranging from freshwater to brackish-saltwater types, are typically grouped. Finally, Indicator Kriging (IK) is performed to evaluate the risks of arsenic contamination. The focus of this approach is to assess contamination risk expressed as probability of exceeding threshold- values. The region may thus be subdivided into “safe” and “unsafe” zones on the basis of probability maps which mark contaminated all places where the risk of arsenic contamination exceeds a given threshold for drinking water purpose. By this case study, it is shown that Indicator Kriging is a useful method which has some advantages for many contamination studies. Firstly, it is well known as the non-parametric technique which can be appreciably used when a dataset does not reach normal shape or nearly normal shape as in this situation. Secondly, the outlier problem that often exists in any analysis can be overcome when applying this method. Thirdly, it can be applied in practice to delimit a study area into “safe zone” or “unsafe zone” from which decision-making on the water supply can be decided for the remediation of a contaminated water source or selecting an appreciative source for exploitation. The combined use of spatial (Geostatistics) and multivariate statistical measures have proven to be of major assistance in questions of assessing groundwater quality especially in less sampled regions. A major advantage lies in the possibility of simultaneously creating spatial estimates as well as estimation confidence limits.
Genetic heterogeneity and molecular genetic diagnostics in primary and secondary laminopathies
(2008)
Laminopathies are a group of rare genetic disorders caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins of the nuclear lamina. One can distinguish between primary and secondary laminopathies. Primary laminopathies representing at least fourteen disease phenotypes arise through pleiotropic mutations in LMNA - the gene that codes for the A-type lamins A and C, mutations in LMNB1 encoding lamin B1 and mutations in LMNB2 encoding lamin B2. Secondary laminopathies including disease phenotypes also observed in primary laminopathies are caused by genes encoding proteins related to the nuclear lamina like ZMPSTE24 (FACE1), LAP2, LBR and thus reflecting genetic heterogeneity in laminopathies. The goal of the present investigation was to study pleiotropy and genetic heterogeneity in primary and secondary laminopathies by analysis of genotype/phenotype correlations. Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD), dilated cardiomyopathy with conduction disturbances (CMD1A), familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD), mandibuloacral dysplasia (MAD), progeroid syndrome, atypical Werner syndrome (aWRN), restrictive dermopathy (RD) and Hallermann-Streiff syndrome (HSS) were included as disease phenotypes to look for their association with LMNA (primary laminopathies) and ZMPSTE24 (secondary laminopathies). Additionally, EDMD patients without STA or LMNA mutations were tested for ZMPSTE24 mutations. A functional candidate gene approach was applied using NARF and SREBF1 in patients suffering secondary laminopathies including FPLD, MAD, HGPS and RD, who were excluded from having LMNA and ZMPSTE24 mutations. Finally, practical consequences of the present study have been considered in genetic counseling and prevention of primary and secondary laminopathies. Screening for mutations in LMNA, ZMPSTE24 (FACE1), NARF and SREBF1 was carried out by PCR using intronic primers flanking each of the exons of the genes tested. The PCR products were tested for changes by heteroduplex analysis and directly sequenced by a cycle-sequencing procedure. Each DNA variation found was checked for its frequency in 386 chromosomes of an ethnically matched control population. For primary laminolathies, 249 unrelated individuals suffering EDMD, CMD1A (DCM), FPLD, MAD, HGPS, aWRN, RD, Hallermann-Streiff syndrome or only partially showing clinical features of the afore mentioned disease phenotypes were tested for LMNA mutations. Eighteen independent LMNA mutations were found in 249 unrelated patients resulting in a general detection rate of 7.2% Summary Dissertation 83 Among the 79 unrelated Caucasian patients and seven families suffering EDMD or EDMD-like disease phenotypes, 14 were found with LMNA mutations, including p.E33G, p.R249Q, p.L263P, p.R377H, p.M348I, p.R249W, p.R453W, p.R527P, p.L530R and p.R644C have been found, resulting in a detection rate of 17.7%. Of the ten different mutations, the three mutations p.L263P, p.M348I and p.L530R are novel. The other seven mutations have been reported before to be pathogenic. There is strong evidence that indicates the pathogenicity of the three novel mutations, p.L263P, p.M348I and p.L530R. Firstly, the mutations exchanged evolutionary highly conserved amino acids as shown by orthologous gene comparisons. Secondly, they were not found in 386 alleles of a reference population. Moreover, the mutations are located in the α- helical rod or globular domains of lamins A and C that might lead to the disruption of their nuclear function causing in skeletal and cardiac muscular malfunction. The LMNA p.M348I mutation was found in a Belgian male patient (G-13730) who also carried a STA c.1A>G, p.0 mutation. The STA mutation leading to a loss of emerin has previously shown to be causative for X-linked recessive EDMD and would explain the lack of emerin and a pathogenic effect found in the affected male by itself. But co-segregation of LMNA p.M348I with cardiac conduction disturbances in female family members showed an additional cardiac effect of this mutation to the pathology. This observation is one of the very rare pieces of evidence for digenic (oligo-allelic) pathogenesis in a neuromuscular disease phenotype of laminopathies. It points to related pathogenic mechanisms in EDMD and CMD1A that are not associated with STA and LMNA but with other so far unknown genes functionally related to the nuclear envelope. The known mutation p.R453W of the LMNA gene represents a mutational hot spot. So, it was not unexpectedly found in four unrelated EDMD patients of this study. Other recurrent mutations p.R249Q and p.R377H were found in two patients each. Variable phenotypic expression of the LMNA p.R644C mutation, ranging from no clinical signs to fully expressed EDMD was observed in an Austrian family in the present study. This mutation has reportedly been associated with strikingly diverse phenotypes in unrelated patients including left ventricular hypertrophy, limb girdle muscle weakness, CMD1A, FPLD or atypical lipodystrophy, neuropathy and atypical progeria. But the mechanism of pathogenesis is unknown. The apparent non-penetrance in relatives raises questions about the clinical significance of this missense mutation. However, the observations Summary Dissertation 84 in the present family and in those previously published provide evidence that the risk to express a laminopathy in close relatives is likely to be low but reasonable. Of the 49 unrelated Caucasian patients suffering CMD1A four mutations, p.E161K, c.- 3_+12del, p.Y259C and p.R377H, were found resulting in a detection rate of 8.2%, which did not significantly differ from the 2.5% found in 197 dilated cardiomyopathy patients of an earlier study. This overall low detection rate reflects the wide genetic and environmental heterogeneity of the pathogenesis in dilated cardiomyopathy. Otherwise, LMNA mutations may cause dilated cardiomyopathy in about 5% of the cases. The wide overlapping phenotypic and genetic similarities between Hallermann-Streiff syndrome (HSS) and HGPS, made HSS a good candidate disease for a primary laminopathy caused by LMNA mutations. But there was no co-segregating disease causing mutation identified. Thus, this study excluded HSS for the first time to be associated to LMNA and adds to the molecular genetic differentiation by excluding HSS from primary laminopathies. Among 32 individuals of 12 families suffering restrictive dermopathy, 22 individuals have been found to carry the ZMPSTE24 mutations c.50delA, c.209_210delAT, c.1085 - 1086insT or c.1385T>G. The mutation c.1085 -1086insT is a recurrent mutation that occurred in the present sample with a frequency of 68% in all RD patients with a ZMPSTE24 mutation. Three mutations, c.50delA, c.209_210delAT and c.1385T>G, are novel mutations. Like the c.1085 -1086insT mutation, c.209_210delAT and c.50delA lead to a frame shift, which putatively results in a non-functional truncated peptide. As an additional indication for a pathogenic effect, the novel mutations c.50delA and c.209_210delAT were not found in 386 alleles of a normal reference population. The first ZMPSTE24 missense mutation c.1385T>G (p.L462R) changing a highly conserved amino acid was found in patient from Guinea suffering from a clinically unequivocal case of restrictive dermopathy. The mutation was heterozygous in the patient but also in the healthy mother. A second pathogenic mutation should be expected. This hypothesis could not be proven, as there was no sufficient test material available from the patient and other family members. Moreover, there was no appropriate African (Guinea) reference population available, which could have been used to estimate the frequency of p.L462R. Thus, it cannot be excluded that p.L462R might be a polymorphism or rare non-pathogenic variant in the ethnic group the patient belongs to. Genetic instability in ZMPSTE24 has interfered with the molecular genetic diagnosis of restrictive dermopathy leading to the inability to distinguish between homozygotes and heterozygotes for the ZMPSTE24 mutation c.1085-1086insT. The reason is a repeated Summary Dissertation 85 thymine (T)9 c.1076-1085 in ZMPSTE24 that can cause a slippage of DNA polymerases. By sequencing cDNAs obtained from homozygous wild-type [(T)9], heterozygous [(T)9/(T)10] and homozygous mutant [(T)10] individuals by using regular Taq polymerase (Fermentas) or high fidelity polymerase (Pfu) for the sequencing reaction the genetic instability was quantified. High error rates up to 23% were found if regular Taq polymerase (Fermentas) was used for sequencing while using high fidelity polymerase (Pfu) resulted in error rates of 6.2 % or lower. As a practical consequence, high fidelity polymerase should always be used to distinguish homozygous mutant [(T)10] individuals from heterozygous [(T)9//(T)10] by sequencing. A high percentage of EDMD patients was tested negative for mutations in STA or LMNA (Bonne et al., 2003). Therefore, other genes are supposed to be involved in the molecular pathology of EDMD. ZMPSTE24 was considered as a promising functional candidate gene in this study, as the gene product - the ZMPSTE24 peptide - takes part in the post-translational modification of lamin A. The negative result of the present study points to a rather unlikely association of EDMD with ZMPSTE24. Additionally, NARF can very likely be excluded by this study from being associated with FPLD, MAD, HGPS and RD, while SREBF1 has obviously no association with FPLD. By the present study, diagnostic tools have been established for molecular genetic diagnosis of several very rare primary and secondary laminopathies, which has a direct practical impact on disease management of laminopathies. Now, the molecular definition of the diseases by association with a specific mutation can be used for genotype/phenotype correlation, predictive diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis.
The present work is the first work dealing with turbulence in the WEGA stellarator. The main object of this work is to provide a detailed characterisation of electrostatic turbulence in WEGA and to identify the underlying instability mechanism driving turbulence. The spatio-temporal structure of turbulence is studied using multiple Langmuir probes providing a sufficiently high spatial and temporal resolution. Turbulence in WEGA is dominated by drift wave dynamics. Evidence for this finding is given by several individual indicators which are typical features of drift waves. The phase shift between density and potential fluctuations is close to zero, fluctuations are mainly driven by the density gradient, and the phase velocity of turbulent structures points in the direction of the electron diamagnetic drift. The structure of turbulence is studied mainly in the plasma edge region inside the last closed flux surface. WEGA can be operated in two regimes differing in the magnetic field strength by almost one order of magnitude (57mT and 500mT, respectively). The two regimes turned out to show a strong difference in the turbulence dynamics. At 57mT large structures with a poloidal extent comparable to the machine dimensions are observed, whereas at 500mT turbulent structures are much smaller. The poloidal structure size scales nearly linearly with the inverse magnetic field strength. This scaling may be argued to be related to the drift wave dispersion scale. However, the structure size remains unchanged when the ion mass is changed by using different discharge gases. Inside the last closed flux surface the poloidal ExB drift in WEGA is negligible. The observed phase velocity is in good agreement with the electron diamagnetic drift velocity. The energy in the wavenumber-frequency spectrum is distributed in the vicinity of the drift wave dispersion relation. The three-dimensional structure is studied in detail using probes which are toroidally separated but aligned along connecting magnetic field lines. As expected for drift waves a small but finite parallel wavenumber is found. The ratio between the average parallel and perpendicular wavenumber is in the order of 10^-2. The parallel phase velocity of turbulent structures is in-between the ion sound velocity and the Alfvènvelocity. In the parallel dynamics a fundamental difference between the two operational regimes at different magnetic field strength is found. At 500mT turbulent structures can be described as an interaction of wave contributions with parallel wavefronts. At 57mT the energy in the parallel wavenumber spectrum is distributed among wavenumber components pointing both parallel and antiparallel to the magnetic field vector. In both cases turbulent structures arise preferable on the low field side of the torus. Some results on a novel field in plasma turbulence are given, i.e. the study of turbulence as a function of resonant magnetic field perturbations leading to the formation of magnetic islands. Magnetic islands in WEGA can be manipulated by external perturbation coils. A significant influence of field perturbations on the turbulence dynamics is found. A distinct local increase of the fluctuation amplitude and the associated turbulent particle flux is found in the region of magnetic islands.
Dense sensor event-related brain potentials were measured in participants with spider phobia, high anxiety sensitive individuals and non-fearful controls during viewing of medical emergency, spider and standard emotional (pleasant, unpleasant, neutral) pictures. Compared to non-fearful controls spider phobia participants showed a significantly enlarged late positive potential (LPP) during the encoding of phobia-relevant pictures whereas high anxiety sensitive individuals showed a significantly greater Early Posterior Negativity (EPN) during the encoding of medical emergency pictures and a significantly greater Late Positive Potential (LPP) during the encoding of highly arousing unpleasant visual material. Moreover, within group comparisons of the spider phobia group revealed comparable LPP evoked by spider pictures and emotional (unpleasant and pleasant) picture contents indicating that at the level of early stimulus evaluation, the effects of selective attention seem to be related to emotional relevance of the stimulus rather than reflecting a fear-specific response.
The New Zealand coal covering the complete maturity range from peat to high volatile bituminous, thus from early diagenetic to catagenesis coalification levels, has been studied in order to bring out new insights into molecular alterations, macromolecular structural evolution, elemental-compositional changes as function of maturation and to propose which processes cause these changes. As particular note from the previous observations that many immature coals from around the world often have rather high extraction yields. It is uncertain whether or not bitumen affecting on petroleum potential and structural evolution of coals. My purposes were therefore to find out the possible interaction between kerogen and bitumen during pyrolysis, and to elucidate the role of bitumen in defining petroleum potential and structural evolution of coals. Furthermore, it is assumed that low rank coals appear to be well suited for feeding the deep subsurface microbes. The products are released as either CO2 or CO that could be substrates for microbial activity. Thus, in this dissertation, I have calculated the loss of CO2 during diagenesis to give the quantitative feeding potential link to deep biosphere, using a mass balance model. To achieve these purposes, at the primary step, the facies variability as well as the molecular compositional changes within the coal band sequence in regard to distinguish the influences of organofacies and maturity need to be clear. Hence, the first aim was to gather information about depositional environment and insights into the plant communities that have contributed to New Zealand coals. Numerous organic-geochemical techniques were used to analyse the free lipids and macromolecular organic matter. Total organic carbon determination (TOC), bulk δ13Corg isotope analysis, the Rock-Eval pyrolysis, pyrolysis- gas chromatography and infrared spectrometry were performed on the original samples and the residue after solvent extraction. The crude lipid extract was separated into fractions that were then analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The obtained data shows that organic matter of New Zealand coals contains mainly terrestrial higher plant material, with a more or less constant background supply of bacterial biomass, deposited in oxidising environment. Angiosperms contributed as the main proportion of the organic matters. Gymnosperms, particularly the Podocarpaceae, Cupressaceae, Taxodiaceae, Pinanceae and Araucariaceae conifer species, still dominated during the Cretaceous. New Zealand coal is classified as mixed gas- and oil-prone. Hydrogen index values increase from 120 to 280 (mg/g TOC) with increasing maturity, which has been explained by the loss of oxygen during diagenesis. A Transformation Ratio of CO2 (TRCO2) has been formulated here in order to quantify the loss of CO2 for any given coal type. It obviously shows CO2 generation is one of the major features of diagenesis that might feed the deep biosphere. In case of study, about 10 to 105 mg CO2 per gram of total organic carbon have been released during maturation from peat to high volatile bituminous. This is equivalent to 0.23 to 2.4 millimoles CO2 per g TOC. For methanogenesis via CO2 reduction, between 0.92 and 9.6 millimoles hydrogen would be required for complete CO2 reduction during diagenesis. Future work must determine if this is feasible or not. The important role of bitumen in defining the petroleum generation potential was elucidated. The presence of hydrogen transfer agents in bitumen helps to stabilize free radicals hence prevents recombination/ repolymerization processes thus preserving the petroleum generating potential in original coals. Specially, second-order reactions between kerogen and bitumen occurred during pyrolysis that reduce the primary gas yield, but increase the potential secondary gas as well as oil yields. Therefore, it is proposed that pre-extraction of source rocks before pyrolysis, especially coals where extraction yields are particularly high, is not recommended. The comparative investigation with previously studied higher rank Carboniferous German coals showed an excellent fit for both pyrolysis and infrared spectrometry data, suggesting that the New Zealand coals can be considered as natural precursors of the German coals. The structural evolution of coals during maturation is firstly characterized by the enrichment of the aliphatic structures in low rank, peat to high volatile bituminous, then decreases with further maturation. This enrichment of aliphatic carbon content in low rank is accompanied by an increase in the average aliphatic chain length. A slightly enrichment of CH3 group is observed in maturity range 0.9- 2.1% vitrinite reflectance. Secondly, during coalification the content of protonated aromatic carbons increases until R0 ~ 1.6%, then decreases with further maturation.
Pretransplant Tolerance Induction Reduces the Islet Mass Required to Reverse Diabetes in NOD Mice
(2007)
Islet transplantation can restore normoglycemia in diabetic patients. However, its application is limited by the high number of islets required to reverse diabetes. As the mass and potency of most human islet preparations are marginal, a large impact on the applicability of islet transplantation is expected from the implementation of strategies that improve engraftment of these islet preparations. The roles of adaptive immunity and immunosuppression on islet engraftment are not well studied. Therefore, the effects of currently used immunosuppression with antilymphocyte serum, tacrolimus and sirolimus on islet engraftment were separated from their impact on immunity and diabetes reversal rates were compared after islet allotransplantation in immunosuppressed and chimeric, non-immunosuppressed NOD mice. Both strategies prevented rejection of islet allografts and reduced the frequency of donor-specific, IFN-gamma-secreting T cells. However, in order to achieve stable diabetes reversal with a probability of about 80% after islet allotransplantation in diabetic NOD mice, a fourfold higher islet mass (400 islets) was required in immunosuppressed recipients, compared with non-immunosuppressed recipients made tolerant pretransplant by induction of mixed hematopoietic chimerism (100 islets). The failure of immunosuppressed mice to become normoglycemic after low-dose islet transplantation primarily resulted from the inhibitory effects of tacrolimus combined with sirolimus on islet engraftment and not from the inhibitory effects of this combination on islet graft function. These data suggest that immunotherapeutic strategies that control adaptive immunity without interfering with islet neovascularization or other processes critical to islet engraftment are likely to improve the success rate of marginal mass human islet allografts.